Everything At One Click

Showing posts with label CY2111. Show all posts

Showing posts with label CY2111. Show all posts

Monday, December 13, 2010

CY2111 183101 –ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY –I Lecture Notes

UNIT 1: WATER TECHNOLOGY

BOILER FEED WATER

WATER TREATMENT PROCESS

BOILER TROUBLES

REQUIREMENTS OF DRINKING WATER

ESTIMATION OF HARDNESS BY EDTA METHOD

EXTERNAL TREATMENT METHOD
HARDNESSOF WATER

INTERNALTREATMENT BY BOILER COMPOUNDS

REVERSE OSMOSIS

Email This BlogThis!Share to X Share to Facebook Share to Pinterest

No comments: at 6:43 PM Posted by Vinoth

Older Posts Home

Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)

LinkWithin

Related Posts Plugin for WordPress, ...

Get all Latest updates via Facebook. Just Click the Like Button Below...

Get This Kin India

Popular Posts

CS 2354 ADVANCED COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE CS2354 ADVANCED COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE

CS 2354 ADVANCED COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE CS2354 ADVANCED COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE CS2354 ADVANCED COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE L T P C 3 0 0 3 ...
www.tndte.com – TNDTE Results 2012 | Diploma Results 2012 Tamilnadu | Tndte Diploma Results 2012

www.tndte.com – TNDTE Results 2012 | Diploma Results 2012 Tamilnadu | Tndte Diploma Results 2012 CLICK HERE FOR RESULT Tamilnadu 12th...
15 ANNA UNIVERSITY CHENNAI : : CHENNAI – 600 025 AFFILIATED INSTITUTIONS B.E. (8 SEMESTER) ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING CURRICULUM – R 2008 SEMESTER VI (Applicable to the students admitted from the Academic year 2008–2009 onwards) CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C THEORY MG2351 Principles of Management 3 0 0 3 EC2351 Measurements and Instrumentation 3 0 0 3 EC2352 Computer Networks 3 0 0 3 EC2353 Antenna and Wave Propagation 3 1 0 4 EC2354 VLSI Design 3 0 0 3 Elective I 3 0 0 3 PRACTICAL EC2356 Computer Networks Lab 0 0 3 2 EC2357 VLSI Design Lab 0 0 3 2 GE2321 Communication Skills Lab 0 0 4 2 TOTAL 18 1 10 25 SEMESTER VII (Applicable to the students admitted from the Academic year 2008–2009 onwards) CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C THEORY EC2401 Wireless Communication 3 0 0 3 EC2402 Optical Communication and Networking 3 0 0 3 EC2403 RF and Microwave Engineering 3 0 0 3 Elective II 3 0 0 3 Elective III 3 0 0 3 Elective IV 3 0 0 3 PRACTICAL EC2404 Electronics System Design Lab 0 0 3 2 EC2405 Optical & Microwave Lab 0 0 3 2 TOTAL 18 0 6 22 16 SEMESTER VIII (Applicable to the students admitted from the Academic year 2008–2009 onwards) CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C THEORY Elective V 3 0 0 3 Elective VI 3 0 0 3 PRACTICAL EC2451 Project Work 0 0 12 6 TOTAL 6 0 12 12 LIST OF ELECTIVES SEMESTER VI – Elective I CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C EC2021 Medical Electronics 3 0 0 3 EC2022 Operating Systems 3 0 0 3 EC2023 Solid State Electronic Devices 3 0 0 3 EC2024 Speech Processing 3 0 0 3 MA2264 Numerical Methods 3 1 0 4 CS2021 Multicore Programming 3 0 0 3 SEMESTER VII - Elective II CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C EC2030 Advanced Digital Signal Processing 3 0 0 3 GE2022 Total Quality Management 3 0 0 3 EC2035 Cryptography and Network Security 3 0 0 3 EC2036 Information Theory 3 0 0 3 GE2071 Intellectual Property Rights 3 0 0 3 GE2021 Professional Ethics in Engineering 3 0 0 3 SEMESTER VII - Elective III CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C EC2027 Advanced Microprocessors EC2028 Internet and Java 3 0 0 3 CS2060 High Speed Networks 3 0 0 3 CS2053 Soft Computing 3 0 0 3 EC2037 Multimedia Compression & Communication 3 0 0 3 EC2039 Parallel and Distributed Processing 3 0 0 3 17 SEMESTER VII - Elective IV CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C EC2029 Digital Image Processing 3 0 0 3 EC2031 Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility 3 0 0 3 EC2033 Power Electronics 3 0 0 3 EC2034 Television and Video Engineering 3 0 0 3 EC2038 Nano Electronics 3 0 0 3 EC2041 Avionics 3 0 0 3 SEMESTER VIII - Elective V CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C EC2042 Embedded and Real Time Systems 3 0 0 3 EC2046 Advanced Electronic system design 3 0 0 3 EC2047 Optoelectronic devices 3 0 0 3 EC2050 Mobile Adhoc Networks 3 0 0 3 EC2051 Wireless Sensor Networks 3 0 0 3 EC2052 Remote Sensing 3 0 0 3 EC2053 Engineering Acoustics 3 0 0 3 SEMESTER VIII - Elective VI CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C EC2043 Wireless networks 3 0 0 3 EC2044 Telecommunication Switching and Networks 3 0 0 3 EC2045 Satellite Communication 3 0 0 3 EC2048 Telecommunication System Modeling and Simulation 3 0 0 3 EC2049 Radar and Navigational Aids 3 0 0 3 EC2054 Optical Networks 3 0 0 3 18 MG2351 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I OVERVIEW OF MANAGEMENT 9 Definition - Management - Role of managers - Evolution of Management thought - Organization and the environmental factors – Trends and Challenges of Management in Global Scenario. UNIT II PLANNING 9 Nature and purpose of planning - Planning process - Types of plans – Objectives - - Managing by objective (MBO) Strategies - Types of strategies - Policies - Decision Making - Types of decision - Decision Making Process - Rational Decision Making Process - Decision Making under different conditions. UNIT III ORGANIZING 9 Nature and purpose of organizing - Organization structure - Formal and informal groups I organization - Line and Staff authority - Departmentation - Span of control - Centralization and Decentralization - Delegation of authority - Staffing - Selection and Recruitment - Orientation - Career Development - Career stages – Training - - Performance Appraisal. UNIT IV DIRECTING 9 Creativity and Innovation - Motivation and Satisfaction - Motivation Theories - Leadership Styles - Leadership theories - Communication - Barriers to effective communication - Organization Culture - Elements and types of culture - Managing cultural diversity. UNIT V CONTROLLING 9 Process of controlling - Types of control - Budgetary and non-budgetary control techniques - Managing Productivity - Cost Control - Purchase Control - Maintenance Control - Quality Control - Planning operations. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Stephen P. Robbins and Mary Coulter, 'Management', Prentice Hall of India, 8th edition. 2. Charles W L Hill, Steven L McShane, 'Principles of Management', Mcgraw Hill Education, Special Indian Edition, 2007. REFERENCES: 1. Hellriegel, Slocum & Jackson, ' Management - A Competency Based Approach', Thomson South Western, 10th edition, 2007. 2. Harold Koontz, Heinz Weihrich and Mark V Cannice, 'Management - A global & Entrepreneurial Perspective', Tata Mcgraw Hill, 12th edition, 2007. 3. Andrew J. Dubrin, 'Essentials of Management', Thomson Southwestern, 7th edition, 2007. 19 EC2351 MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I BASIC MEASUREMENT CONCEPTS 9 Measurement systems – Static and dynamic characteristics – units and standards of measurements – error :- accuracy and precision, types, statistical analysis – moving coil, moving iron meters – multimeters – Bridge measurements : – Maxwell, Hay, Schering, Anderson and Wien bridge. UNIT II BASIC ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS 9 Electronic multimeters – Cathode ray oscilloscopes – block schematic – applications – special oscilloscopes :– delayed time base oscilloscopes, analog and digital storage oscilloscope, sampling oscilloscope – Q meters – Vector meters – RF voltage and power measurements – True RMS meters. UNIT III SIGNAL GENERATORS AND ANALYZERS 9 Function generators – pulse and square wave generators, RF signal generators – Sweep generators – Frequency synthesizer – wave analyzer – Harmonic distortion analyzer – spectrum analyzer :- digital spectrum analyzer, Vector Network Analyzer – Digital L,C,R measurements, Digital RLC meters. UNIT IV DIGITAL INSTRUMENTS 9 Comparison of analog and digital techniques – digital voltmeter – multimeters – frequency counters – measurement of frequency and time interval – extension of frequency range – Automation in digital instruments, Automatic polarity indication, automatic ranging, automatic zeroing, fully automatic digital instruments, Computer controlled test systems, Virtual instruments. UNIT V DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS AND FIBER OPTIC MEASUREMENTS 9 Elements of a digital data acquisition system – interfacing of transducers – multiplexing – data loggers –computer controlled instrumentation – IEEE 488 bus – fiber optic measurements for power and system loss – optical time domains reflectometer. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Albert D.Helfrick and William D.Cooper – Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques, Pearson / Prentice Hall of India, 2007. 2. Ernest O. Doebelin, Measurement Systems- Application and Design, TMH, 2007. REFERENCES: 1. Joseph J.Carr, Elements of Electronics Instrumentation and Measurement, Pearson Education, 2003. 2. Alan. S. Morris, Principles of Measurements and Instrumentation, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall of India, 2003. 3. David A. Bell, Electronic Instrumentation and measurements, Prentice Hall of India Pvt Ltd, 2003. 4. B.C. Nakra and K.K. Choudhry, Instrumentation, Meaurement and Analysis, 2nd Edition, TMH, 2004. 5. James W. Dally, William F. Riley, Kenneth G. McConnell, Instrumentation for Engineering Measurements, 2nd Edition, John Wiley, 2003. 20 EC2352 COMPUTER NETWORKS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I PHYSICAL LAYER 9 Data Communications – Networks - Networks models – OSI model – Layers in OSI model – TCP / IP protocol suite – Addressing – Guided and Unguided Transmission media Switching: Circuit switched networks – Data gram Networks – Virtual circuit networks Cable networks for Data transmission: Dialup modems – DSL – Cable TV – Cable TV for Data transfer. UNIT II DATA LINK LAYER 10 Data link control: Framing – Flow and error control –Protocols for Noiseless and Noisy Channels – HDLC Multiple access: Random access – Controlled access Wired LANS : Ethernet – IEEE standards – standard Ethernet – changes in the standard – Fast Ethernet – Gigabit Ethernet. Wireless LANS : IEEE 802.11–Bluetooth. Connecting LANS: Connecting devices - Backbone networks - Virtual LANS Virtual circuit networks: Architecture and Layers of Frame Relay and ATM. UNIT III NETWORK LAYER 9 Logical addressing: IPv4, IPv6 addresses Internet Protocol: Internetworking – IPv4, IPv6 - Address mapping – ARP, RARP, BOOTP, DHCP, ICMP, IGMP, Delivery - Forwarding - Routing – Unicast, Multicast routing protocols. UNIT IV TRANSPORT LAYER 8 Process-to-Process delivery - User Datagram Protocol (UDP) – Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) – Congestion Control – Quality of services (QoS) – Techniques to improve QoS. UNIT V APPLICATION LAYER 9 Domain Name System (DNS) – E-mail – FTP – WWW – HTTP – Multimedia Network Security: Cryptography – Symmetric key and Public Key algorithms - Digital signature – Management of Public keys – Communication Security – Authentication Protocols. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Behrouz A. Foruzan, “Data communication and Networking”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2006: Unit I-IV 2. Andrew S. Tannenbaum, “Computer Networks”, Pearson Education, Fourth Edition, 2003: Unit V REFERENCES 1. Wayne Tomasi, “Introduction to Data Communication and Networking”, 1/e, Pearson Education. 2. James .F. Kurouse & W. Rouse, “Computer Networking: A Topdown Approach Featuring”,3/e, Pearson Education. 3. C.Sivaram Murthy, B.S.Manoj, “Ad hoc Wireless Networks – Architecture and Protocols”, Second Edition, Pearson Education. 21 4. Greg Tomshon, Ed Tittel, David Johnson. “Guide to Networking Essentials”, fifth edition, Thomson India Learning, 2007. 5. William Stallings, “Data and Computer Communication”, Eighth Edition, Pearson Education, 2000. EC2353 ANTENNA AND WAVE PROPAGATION L T P C 3 1 0 4 UNIT I ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION AND ANTENNA FUNDAMENTALS 9 Review of electromagnetic theory: Vector potential, Solution of wave equation, retarded case, Hertizian dipole. Antenna characteristics: Radiation pattern, Beam solid angle, Directivity, Gain, Input impedance, Polarization, Bandwidth, Reciprocity, Equivalence of Radiation patterns, Equivalence of Impedances, Effective aperture, Vector effective length, Antenna temperature. UNIT II WIRE ANTENNAS AND ANTENNA ARRAYS 9 Wire antennas: Short dipole, Radiation resistance and Directivity, Half wave Dipole, Monopole, Small loop antennas. Antenna Arrays: Linear Array and Pattern Multiplication, Two-element Array, Uniform Array, Polynomial representation, Array with non-uniform Excitation-Binomial Array UNIT III APERTURE ANTENNAS 9 Aperture Antennas: Magnetic Current and its fields, Uniqueness theorem, Field equivalence principle, Duality principle, Method of Images, Pattern properties, Slot antenna, Horn Antenna, Pyramidal Horn Antenna, Reflector Antenna-Flat reflector, Corner Reflector, Common curved reflector shapes, Lens Antenna. UNIT IV SPECIAL ANTENNAS AND ANTENNA MEASUREMENTS 9 Special Antennas: Long wire, V and Rhombic Antenna, Yagi-Uda Antenna, Turnstile Antenna, Helical Antenna- Axial mode helix, Normal mode helix, Biconical Antenna, Log periodic Dipole Array, Spiral Antenna, Microstrip Patch Antennas. Antenna Measurements: Radiation Pattern measurement, Gain and Directivity Measurements, Anechoic Chamber measurement. UNIT V RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION 9 Calculation of Great Circle Distance between any two points on earth, Ground Wave Propagation, Free-space Propagation, Ground Reflection, Surface waves, Diffraction, Wave propagation in complex Environments, Tropospheric Propagation, Tropospheric Scatter. Ionospheric propagation: Structure of ionosphere, Sky waves, skip distance, Virtual height, Critical frequency, MUF, Electrical properties of ionosphere, Effects of earth’s magnetic fields, Faraday rotation, Whistlers. L: 45, T: 15, TOTAL= 60 PERIODS TEXTBOOKS 1. E.C.Jordan and Balmain, “Electromagnetic waves and Radiating Systems”, Pearson Education / PHI, 2006 2. A.R.Harish, M.Sachidanada, “Antennas and Wave propagation”, Oxford University Press, 2007. 22 REFERENCES 1. John D.Kraus, Ronald J Marhefka and Ahmad S Khan, “Antennas for all Applications”, Tata McGraw-Hill Book Company, 3 ed, 2007. 2. G.S.N.Raju, Antenna Wave Propagation, Pearson Education, 2004. 3. Constantine A. Balanis, Antenna Theory Analysis and Desin, John Wiley, 2nd Edition, 2007. 4. R.E.Collins, “Antenna and Radiowave propagation”, 5. W.L Stutzman and G.A. Thiele, “Antenna analysis and design”, John Wiley, 2000. EC2354 VLSI DESIGN L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I CMOS TECHNOLOGY 9 A brief History-MOS transistor, Ideal I-V characteristics, C-V characteristics, Non ideal IV effects, DC transfer characteristics - CMOS technologies, Layout design Rules, CMOS process enhancements, Technology related CAD issues, Manufacturing issues UNIT II CIRCUIT CHARACTERIZATION AND SIMULATION 9 Delay estimation, Logical effort and Transistor sizing, Power dissipation, Interconnect, Design margin, Reliability, Scaling- SPICE tutorial, Device models, Device characterization, Circuit characterization, Interconnect simulation UNIT III COMBINATIONAL AND SEQUENTIAL CIRCUIT DESIGN 9 Circuit families –Low power logic design – comparison of circuit families – Sequencing static circuits, circuit design of latches and flip flops, Static sequencing element methodology- sequencing dynamic circuits – synchronizers UNIT IV CMOS TESTING 9 Need for testing- Testers, Text fixtures and test programs- Logic verification- Silicon debug principles- Manufacturing test – Design for testability – Boundary scan UNIT V SPECIFICATION USING VERILOG HDL 9 Basic concepts- identifiers- gate primitives, gate delays, operators, timing controls, procedural assignments conditional statements, Data flow and RTL, structural gate level switch level modeling, Design hierarchies, Behavioral and RTL modeling, Test benches, Structural gate level description of decoder, equality detector, comparator, priority encoder, half adder, full adder, Ripple carry adder, D latch and D flip flop. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXTBOOKS: 1. Weste and Harris: CMOS VLSI DESIGN (Third edition) Pearson Education, 2005 2. Uyemura J.P: Introduction to VLSI circuits and systems, Wiley 2002. REFERENCES: 1 D.A Pucknell & K.Eshraghian Basic VLSI Design, Third edition, PHI, 2003 2 Wayne Wolf, Modern VLSI design, Pearson Education, 2003 3 M.J.S.Smith: Application specific integrated circuits, Pearson Education, 1997 4 J.Bhasker: Verilog HDL primer, BS publication,2001 5 Ciletti Advanced Digital Design with the Verilog HDL, Prentice Hall of India, 2003 23 EC2356 COMPUTER NETWORKS LAB L T P C 0 0 3 2 1. PC to PC Communication Parallel Communication using 8 bit parallel cable Serial communication using RS 232C 2. Ethernet LAN protocol To create scenario and study the performance of CSMA/CD protocol through simulation 3. Token bus and token ring protocols To create scenario and study the performance of token bus and token ring protocols through simulation 4. Wireless LAN protocols To create scenario and study the performance of network with CSMA / CA protocol and compare with CSMA/CD protocols. 5. Implementation and study of stop and wait protocol 6. Implementation and study of Goback-N and selective repeat protocols 7. Implementation of distance vector routing algorithm 8. Implementation of Link state routing algorithm 9. Implementation of Data encryption and decryption 10. Transfer of files from PC to PC using Windows / Unix socket processing TOTAL= 45 PERIODS Requirement for a batch of 30 students S.No. Description of Equipment Quantity required 1. PC (with recent specification) 30 Nos. 2. Ethernet LAN trainer 2 3. Wireless LAN trainer 2 4. Network Simulator Software 20 Nos. 5. C. Complier All the 30 Systems 6. Java All the 30 systems 24 EC2357 VLSI DESIGN LAB L T P C 0 0 3 2 1. Design Entry and simulation of combinational logic circuits (8 bit adders, 4 bit multipliers, address decoders, multiplexers), Test bench creation, functional verification, and concepts of concurrent and sequential execution to be highlighted. 2. Design Entry and simulation of sequential logic circuits (counters, PRBS generators, accumulators). Test bench creation, functional verification, and concepts of concurrent and sequential execution to be highlighted. 3. Synthesis, P&R and Post P&R simulation for all the blocks/codes developed in Expt. No. 1 and No. 2 given above. Concepts of FPGA floor plan, critical path, design gate count, I/O configuration and pin assignment to be taught in this experiment. 4. Generation of configuration/fuse files for all the blocks/codes developed as part of Expt.1. and Expt. 2. FPGA devices must be configured and hardware tested for the blocks/codes developed as part of Expt. 1. and Expt. 2. The correctness of the inputs and outputs for each of the blocks must be demonstrated atleast on oscilloscopes (logic analyzer preferred). 5. Schematic Entry and SPICE simulation of MOS differential amplifier. Determination of gain, bandwidth, output impedance and CMRR. 6. Layout of a simple CMOS inverter, parasitic extraction and simulation. 7. Design of a 10 bit number controlled oscillator using standard cell approach, simulation followed by study of synthesis reports. 8. Automatic layout generation followed by post layout extraction and simulation of the circuit studied in Expt. No.7 Note 1. For Expt. 1 To 4 can be carried out using Altera (Quartus) / Xilinx (Alliance) / ACTEL (Libero) tools. Note 2. For expt. 5-8 introduce the student to basics of IC design. These have to be carried out using atleast 0.5u CMOS technology libraries. The S/W tools needed Cadence / MAGMA / Tanner. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS 25 GE2321 COMMUNICATION SKILLS LAB L T P C (Fifth / Sixth Semester) 0 0 4 2 A. English Language Lab (18 Periods) 1. Listening Comprehension: (6) Listening and typing – Listening and sequencing of sentences – Filling in the blanks - Listening and answering questions. 2. Reading Comprehension: (6) Filling in the blanks - Close exercises – Vocabulary building - Reading and answering questions. 3. Speaking: (6) Phonetics: Intonation – Ear training - Correct Pronunciation – Sound recognition exercises – Common Errors in English. Conversations: Face to Face Conversation – Telephone conversation – Role play activities (Students take on roles and engage in conversation) B. Discussion of audio-visual materials (6 periods) (Samples are available to learn and practice) 1. Resume / Report Preparation / Letter Writing (1) Structuring the resume / report - Letter writing / Email Communication - Samples. 2. Presentation skills: (1) Elements of effective presentation – Structure of presentation - Presentation tools – Voice Modulation – Audience analysis - Body language – Video samples 3. Soft Skills: (2) Time management – Articulateness – Assertiveness – Psychometrics – Innovation and Creativity - Stress Management & Poise - Video Samples 4. Group Discussion: (1) Why is GD part of selection process ? - Structure of GD – Moderator – led and other GDs - Strategies in GD – Team work - Body Language - Mock GD -Video samples 5. Interview Skills: (1) Kinds of interviews – Required Key Skills – Corporate culture – Mock interviews- Video samples. I. PC based session (Weightage 40%) 24 periods II. Practice Session (Weightage – 60%) 24 periods 26 1. Resume / Report Preparation / Letter writing: Students prepare their own resume and report. (2) 2. Presentation Skills: Students make presentations on given topics. (8) 3. Group Discussion: Students participate in group discussions. (6) 4. Interview Skills: Students participate in Mock Interviews (8) REFERENCES: 1. Anderson, P.V, Technical Communication, Thomson Wadsworth , Sixth Edition, New Delhi, 2007. 2. Prakash, P, Verbal and Non-Verbal Reasoning, Macmillan India Ltd., Second Edition, New Delhi, 2004. 3. John Seely, The Oxford Guide to Writing and Speaking, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2004. 4. Evans, D, Decisionmaker, Cambridge University Press, 1997. 5. Thorpe, E, and Thorpe, S, Objective English, Pearson Education, Second Edition, New Delhi, 2007. 6. Turton, N.D and Heaton, J.B, Dictionary of Common Errors, Addision Wesley Longman Ltd., Indian reprint 1998. Lab Requirements: 1. Teacher console and systems for students. 2. English Language Lab Software 3. Career Lab Software 27 Guidelines for the course GE2321 COMMUNICATION SKILLS LABORATORY 1. A batch of 60 / 120 students is divided into two groups – one group for the PCbased session and the other group for the Class room session. 2. The English Lab (2 Periods) will be handled by a faculty member of the English Department. The Career Lab (2 Periods) may be handled by any competent teacher, not necessarily from English Department 3. Record Notebook: At the end of each session of English Lab, review exercises are given for the students to answer and the computer evaluated sheets are to be compiled as record notebook. Similar exercises for the career lab are to be compiled in the record notebook. 4. Internal Assessment: The 15 marks (the other 5 marks for attendance) allotted for the internal assessment will be based on the record notebook compiled by the candidate. 10 marks may be allotted for English Lab component and 5 marks for the Career Lab component. 5. End semester Examination: The end-semester examination carries 40% weightage for English Lab and 60% weightage for Career Lab. Each candidate will have separate sets of questions assigned by the teacher using the teacher-console enabling PC–based evaluation for the 40% of marks allotted. The Career Lab component will be evaluated for a maximum of 60% by a local examiner & an external examiner drafted from other Institutions, similar to any other lab examination conducted by Anna University. L: 45, T: 15, TOTAL= 60 PERIODS EC2401 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I SERVICES AND TECHNICAL CHALLENGES 9 Types of Services, Requirements for the services, Multipath propagation, Spectrum Limitations, Noise and Interference limited systems, Principles of Cellular networks, Multiple Access Schemes. UNIT II WIRELESS PROPAGATION CHANNELS 9 Propagation Mechanisms (Qualitative treatment), Propagation effects with mobile radio, Channel Classification, Link calculations, Narrowband and Wideband models. 28 UNIT III WIRELESS TRANSCEIVERS 9 Structure of a wireless communication link, Modulation and demodulation – Quadrature Phase Shift Keying, /4-Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying, Offset-Quadrature Phase Shift Keying, Binary Frequency Shift Keying, Minimum Shift Keying, Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying, Power spectrum and Error performance in fading channels. UNIT IV SIGNAL PROCESSING IN WIRELESS SYSTEMS 9 Principle of Diversity, Macrodiversity, Microdiversity, Signal Combining Techniques, Transmit diversity, Equalisers- Linear and Decision Feedback equalisers, Review of Channel coding and Speech coding techniques. UNIT V ADVANCED TRANSCEIVER SCHEMES 9 Spread Spectrum Systems- Cellular Code Division Multiple Access Systems- Principle, Power control, Effects of multipath propagation on Code Division Multiple Access, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing – Principle, Cyclic Prefix, Transceiver implementation, Second Generation(GSM, IS–95) and Third Generation Wireless Networks and Standards TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Andreas.F. Molisch, “Wireless Communications”, John Wiley – India, 2006. 2. Simon Haykin & Michael Moher, “Modern Wireless Communications”, Pearson Education, 2007. REFERENCES: 1. Rappaport. T.S., “Wireless communications”, Pearson Education, 2003. 2. Gordon L. Stuber, “Principles of Mobile Communication”, Springer International Ltd., 2001. 3. Andrea Goldsmith, Wireless Communications, Cambridge University Press, 2007. EC2402 OPTICAL COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Introduction, Ray theory transmission- Total internal reflection-Acceptance angle – Numerical aperture – Skew rays – Electromagnetic mode theory of optical propagation – EM waves – modes in Planar guide – phase and group velocity – cylindrical fibers – SM fibers. UNIT II TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF OPTICAL FIBERS 9 Attenuation – Material absorption losses in silica glass fibers – Linear and Non linear Scattering losses - Fiber Bend losses – Midband and farband infra red transmission – Intra and inter Modal Dispersion – Over all Fiber Dispersion – Polarization- non linear Phenomena. Optical fiber connectors, Fiber alignment and Joint Losses – Fiber Splices – Fiber connectors – Expanded Beam Connectors – Fiber Couplers. 29 UNIT III SOURCES AND DETECTORS 9 Optical sources: Light Emitting Diodes - LED structures - surface and edge emitters, mono and hetero structures - internal - quantum efficiency, injection laser diode structures - comparison of LED and ILD Optical Detectors: PIN Photo detectors, Avalanche photo diodes, construction, characteristics and properties, Comparison of performance, Photo detector noise -Noise sources , Signal to Noise ratio , Detector response time. UNIT IV FIBER OPTIC RECEIVER AND MEASUREMENTS 9 Fundamental receiver operation, Pre amplifiers, Error sources – Receiver Configuration – Probability of Error – Quantum limit. Fiber Attenuation measurements- Dispersion measurements – Fiber Refractive index profile measurements – Fiber cut- off Wave length Measurements – Fiber Numerical Aperture Measurements – Fiber diameter measurements. UNIT V OPTICAL NETWORKS 9 Basic Networks – SONET / SDH – Broadcast – and –select WDM Networks – Wavelength Routed Networks – Non linear effects on Network performance – Performance of WDM + EDFA system – Solitons – Optical CDMA – Ultra High Capacity Networks. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Optical Fiber Communication – John M. Senior – Pearson Education – Second Edition. 2007 2. Optical Fiber Communication – Gerd Keiser – Mc Graw Hill – Third Edition. 2000 REFERENCES: 1.J.Gower, “Optical Communication System”, Prentice Hall of India, 2001 2. Rajiv Ramaswami, “Optical Networks “ , Second Edition, Elsevier , 2004. 3. Govind P. Agrawal, “ Fiber-optic communication systems”, third edition, John Wiley & sons, 2004. 4. R.P. Khare, “Fiber Optics and Optoelectronics”, Oxford University Press, 2007. 30 EC2403 RF AND MICROWAVE ENGINEERING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I TWO PORT RF NETWORKS-CIRCUIT REPRESENTATION 9 Low frequency parameters-impedance ,admittance, hybrid and ABCD. High frequency parameters-Formulation of S parameters, properties of S parameters-Reciprocal and lossless networks, transmission matrix, Introduction to component basics, wire, resistor, capacitor and inductor, applications of RF UNIT II RF TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER DESIGN AND MATCHING NETWORKS 9 Amplifier power relation, stability considerations, gain considerations noise figure, impedance matching networks, frequency response, T and Π matching networks, microstripline matching networks UNIT III MICROWAVE PASSIVE COMPONENTS 9 Microwave frequency range, significance of microwave frequency range - applications of microwaves. Scattering matrix -Concept of N port scattering matrix representation- Properties of S matrix- S matrix formulation of two-port junction. Microwave junctions - Tee junctions -Magic Tee - Rat race - Corners - bends and twists - Directional couplers - two hole directional couplers- Ferrites - important microwave properties and applications – Termination - Gyrator- Isolator-Circulator - Attenuator - Phase changer – S Matrix for microwave components – Cylindrical cavity resonators. UNIT IV MICROWAVE SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES 9 Microwave semiconductor devices- operation - characteristics and application of BJTs and FETs -Principles of tunnel diodes - Varactor and Step recovery diodes - Transferred Electron Devices -Gunn diode- Avalanche Transit time devices- IMPATT and TRAPATT devices. Parametric devices -Principles of operation - applications of parametric amplifier .Microwave monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) - Materials and fabrication techniques UNIT V MICROWAVE TUBES AND MEASUREMENTS 9 Microwave tubes- High frequency limitations - Principle of operation of Multicavity Klystron, Reflex Klystron, Traveling Wave Tube, Magnetron. Microwave measurements: Measurement of power, wavelength, impedance, SWR, attenuation, Q and Phase shift. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS 31 TEXT BOOK: 1) Samuel Y Liao, “Microwave Devices & Circuits” , Prentice Hall of India, 2006. 2) Reinhold.Ludwig and Pavel Bretshko ‘RF Circuit Design”, Pearson Education, Inc., 2006 REFERENCES: 1. Robert. E.Collin-Foundation of Microwave Engg –Mc Graw Hill. 2. Annapurna Das and Sisir K Das, “Microwave Engineering”, Tata Mc Graw 3. Hill Inc., 2004. 4. M.M.Radmanesh , RF & Microwave Electronics Illustrated, Pearson Education, 2007. 5. Robert E.Colin, 2ed “Foundations for Microwave Engineering”, McGraw Hill, 2001 6. D.M.Pozar, “Microwave Engineering.”, John Wiley & sons, Inc., 2006. EC2404 ELECTRONICS SYSTEM DESIGN LAB L T P C 0 0 3 2 1. Design of a 4-20mA transmitter for a bridge type transducer. Design the Instrumentation amplifier with the bridge type transducer (Thermistor or any resistance variation transducers) and convert the amplified voltage from the instrumentation amplifier to 4 – 20 mA current using op-amp. Plot the variation of the temperature Vs output current. 2. Design of AC/DC voltage regulator using SCR Design a phase controlled voltage regulator using full wave rectifier and SCR, vary the conduction angle and plot the output voltage. 3. Design of process control timer Design a sequential timer to switch on & off at least 3 relays in a particular sequence using timer IC. 4. Design of AM / FM modulator / demodulator i. Design AM signal using multiplier IC for the given carrier frequency and modulation index and demodulate the AM signal using envelope detector. ii. Design FM signal using VCO IC NE566 for the given carrier frequency and demodulate the same using PLL NE 565. 5. Design of Wireless data modem. Design a FSK modulator using 555/XR 2206 and convert it to sine wave using filter and transmit the same using IR LED and demodulate the same PLL NE 565/XR 2212. 6. PCB layout design using CAD Drawing the schematic of simple electronic circuit and design of PCB layout using CAD 7. Microcontroller based systems design Design of microcontroller based system for simple applications like security systems combination lock. 8. DSP based system design Design a DSP based system for echo cancellation, using TMS/ADSP DSP kit. 9. Psuedo-random Sequence Generator 10. Arithmetic Logic Unit Design Note: Kits should not be used. Instead each experiment may be given as mini project. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS 32 LIST OF EQUIPMENTS: 1) Dual Power supply ±15V Ammeter (Multimeter) Temperature Measurement Transducer 2) Power Supply (for IC 555) Relays Indicator LEDs 3) System with ARCAD Software 4) TMS320C5416 (with CCS) and system, speaker 5) 8051 based Trainer kit, and system with interfaces like ADC, DAC, Keyboard and display 6) CRO – 5 7) Function Generator – 5 8) Regulated Power supply – [0-30V)-10, 5V-2 9) Transistors and Diodes – 2N3055, BFW10, BC547, BT012, IN4007, CED, SL100 10) ICs – IC741, IC7414, IC555, IC7805, IC7474, IC7107 11) Resistors – 5.6K, 56K, 9K, 22K, 100K, 27Ώ 12) Capacitors – 0.1μf, 100μf, 50μf, 10nf,47nf 13) 8Ώ Speaker 14) TSOP EC2405 OPTICAL & MICROWAVE LAB L T P C 0 0 3 2 Microwave Experiments: 1. Reflex Klystron – Mode characteristics 2. Gunn Diode – Characteristics 3. VSWR, Frequency and Wave Length Measurement 4. Directional Coupler – Directivity and Coupling Coefficient – S – parameter measurement 5. Isolator and Circulator – S - parameter measurement 6. Attenuation and Power measurement 7. S - matrix Characterization of E-Plane T, H-Plane T and Magic T. 8. Radiation Pattern of Antennas. 9. Antenna Gain Measurement Optical Experiments: 1. DC characteristics of LED and PIN Photo Diode. 2. Mode Characteristics of Fibers 3. Measurement of Connector and Bending Losses. 4. Fiber Optic Analog and Digital Link 5. Numerical Aperture Determination for Fibers 6. Attenuation Measurement in Fibers TOTAL= 45 PERIODS 33 Microwave Experiments: LIST OF EQUIPMENTS: 1) Klystron Power Supply – 6 2) Reflex Klystron Oscillator – 6 (X band) 3) Gunn Power Supply – 3 4) Gunn Oscillator – 3 (X band) 5) Isolator – 9 6) Variable attenuator – 9 (0.6 dB) 7) PIN modulator – 3 8) Slotted waveguide Section with Probe and Carriage – 2 9) Frequency meter (direct reading type) – 4 10) Directional coupler 3dB, 10dB – 1 each 11) Circulator – 1 12) E Plane T, H Plane T, Magic T – 2 each 13) Horn antenna – 2 (X band) compatible 14) Turn table for antenna measurement – 1 15) Waveguide stands – 30 16) Detectors – 10 17) Network analyzer (Scalar or Vector) – 1 18) Power meter 19) BNC to BNC and BNC to TNC Cables – Required numbers 20) Bolts, nuts and Screws and Screw driver – Required numbers Optical Experiments: LIST OF EQUIPMENTS: 1) 850 nm LED Module – 3 Nos 2) 850 nm PIN Photo Diode Module – 2 Nos 3) Glass / Plastic Fiber Patch Cords – 1 meter length 4) Optical Power meter – 2 Nos 5) Stabilized Current Source (0-100 mA) – 3 Nos 6) Variable Supply (0-30v) – 2 Nos 7) Digital Multimeter – 2 Nos 8) Fiber Spools of Varied length with Connectors 9) Numerical Aperture measurement kit – 1No 10) Fiber Optic Analog Tranceiver kit/Module – 1 No 11) Fiber Optic Digital Tranceiver kit/Module – 1 No 12) CRO (0-100MHZ) – 2 Nos 13) Signal Generator – 1 No 14) Pulse Generator – 1 No 34 EC2021 MEDICAL ELECTRONICS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I ELECTRO-PHYSIOLOGY AND BIO-POTENTIAL RECORDING 9 The origin of Bio-potentials; biopotential electrodes, biological amplifiers, ECG, EEG, EMG, PCG, EOG, lead systems and recording methods, typical waveforms and signal characteristics. UNIT II BIO-CHEMICAL AND NON ELECTRICAL PARAMETER MEASUREMENT 9 PH, PO2, PCO2, PHCO3, Electrophoresis, colorimeter, photometer, Auto analyzer, Blood flow meter, cardiac output, respiratory measurement, Blood pressure, temperature, pulse, Blood cell counters. UNIT III ASSIST DEVICES AND BIO-TELEMETRY 9 Cardiac pacemakers, DC Defibrillator, Telemetry principles, frequency selection, Biotelemetry, radio-pill and tele-stimulation. UNIT IV RADIOLOGICAL EQUIPMENTS 9 Ionosing radiation, Diagnostic x-ray equipments, use of Radio Isotope in diagnosis, Radiation Therapy. UNIT V RECENT TRENDS IN MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION 9 Thermograph, endoscopy unit, Laser in medicine, Diathermy units, Electrical safety in medical equipment. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXTBOOKS 1. Leislie Cromwell, “Biomedical instrumentation and measurement”, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 2007. REFERENCES 1. Khandpur, R.S., “Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation”, TATA McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2003. 2. Joseph J.Carr and John M.Brown, “Introduction to Biomedical equipment Technology”, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 2004. EC2022 OPERATING SYSTEMS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I OPERATING SYSTEM OVERVIEW 9 Introduction – Multiprogramming – Time sharing – Multi-user Operating systems – System Call – Structure of Operating Systems UNIT II PROCESS MANAGEMENT 9 Concept of Processes – Interprocess Communication – Racing – Synchronisation – Mutual Exclusion – Scheduling – Implementation Issues – IPC in Multiprocessor System – Threads 35 UNIT III MEMORY MANAGEMENT 9 Partition – paging – segmentation – virtual memory concepts – relocation algorithms – buddy systems – Free space management – Case study. UNIT IV DEVICE MANAGEMENT AND FILE SYSTEMS 9 File concept – access methods – directory structure – File system mounting – file sharing – protection – file system implementation – I/O Hardware – Application I/O Interface – Kernal I/O subsystem – Transforming I/O to Hardware Operations – Streams – Disk Structure – Disk Scheduling Management – RAID structure UNIT V MODERN OPERATING SYSTEMS 9 Concepts of distributed operating systems – Real time operating system – Case studies: UNIX, LINUX and Windows 2000. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Abraham Silberschatz, Peter Galvin and Gagne, ‘Operating System Concepts’, Seventh Edition, John Wiley, 2007. 2. William Stallings, ‘Operating Systems – Internals and Design Principles’, Fifth Edition, Prentice Hall India, 2005. REFERENCES 1. Andrew Tanenbaum, ‘Modern Operating Systems’, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, 2003. 2. Deital.H.M, “Operating Systems - A Modern Perspective”, Second Edition, Addison Wesley, 2004. 3. Mukesh Singhal, Niranjan G.Shivaratri, “Advanced Concepts in Operating Systems”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2001. 4. D.M.Dhamdhere, “Operating Systems – A Concept based Approach”, Second Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 2006. 5. Crowley.C, “Operating Systems: A Design – Oriented Approach”, Tata McGraw Hill, 1999. 6. Ellen Siever, Aaron Weber, Stephen Figgins, ‘LINUX in a Nutshell’, Fourth Edition, O’reilly, 2004. EC2023 SOLID STATE ELECTRONIC DEVICES L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I CRYSTAL PROPERTIES AND GROWTH OF SEMICONDUCTORS 9 Semiconductor materials - Periodic Structures - Crystal Lattices - Cubic lattices - Planes and Directions - Diamond lattice - Bulk Crystal Growth - Starting Materials - Growth of Single Crystal lngots - Wafers - Doping - Epitaxial Growth - Lattice Matching in Epitaxial Growth - Vapor - Phase Epitaxy - Atoms and Electrons - Introduction to Physical Models - Experimental Observations - Photoelectric Effect - Atomic spectra - Bohr model - Quantum Mechanics - Probability and Uncertainty Principle - Schrodinger Wave Equation - Potential Well Equation - Potential well Problem - Tunneling. UNIT II ENERGY BANDS AND CHARGE CARRIERS IN SEMICONDUCTORS AND JUNCTIONS 9 Energy bands in Solids, Energy Bands in Metals, Semiconductors, and Insulators - Direct and Indirect Semiconductors - Variation of Energy Bands with Alloy Composition - 36 Charge Carriers in Semiconductors - Electrons and Holes - Electrons and Holes in Quantum Wells - Carrier Concentrations - Fermi Level - Electron and Hole Concentrations at Equilibrium - Temperature Dependence of Carrier Concentrations - Compensation and Space Charge Neutrality - Drift of Carrier in Electric and Magnetic Fields conductivity and Mobility - Drift and Resistance - Effects of Temperature and Doping on Mobility - High field effects - Hall Effect - invariance of Fermi level at equilibrium - Fabrication of p-n junctions, Metal semiconductor junctions. UNIT III METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR FET 9 GaAS MESFET - High Electron Mobility Transistor - Short channel Effects - Metal Insulator Semiconductor FET - Basic Operation and Fabrication - Effects of Real Surfaces - Threshold Voltage - MOS capacitance Measurements - current - Voltage Characteristics of MOS Gate Oxides - MOS Field Effect Transistor - Output characteristics - Transfer characteristics - Short channel MOSFET V-I characteristics - Control of Threshold Voltage - Substrate Bias Effects - Sub threshold characteristics - Equivalent Circuit for MOSFET - MOSFET Scaling and Hot Electron Effects - Drain - Induced Barrier Lowering - short channel and Narrow Width Effect - Gate Induced Drain Leakage. UNIT IV OPTOELCTRONIC DEVICES 9 Photodiodes - Current and Voltage in illuminated Junction - Solar Cells - Photo detectors - Noise and Bandwidth of Photo detectors - Light Emitting Diodes - Light Emitting Materials - Fiber Optic Communications Multilayer Heterojunctions for LEDs - Lasers - Semiconductor lasers - Population Inversion at a Junction Emission Spectra for p-n junction - Basic Semiconductor lasers - Materials for Semiconductor lasers. UNIT V HIGH FREQUENSY AND HIGH POWER DEVICES 9 Tunnel Diodes, IMPATT Diode, operation of TRAPATT and BARITT Diodes, Gunn Diode - transferred - electron mechanism, formation and drift of space charge domains, p-n-p-n Diode, Semiconductor Controlled Rectifier, Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK 1. Ben. G. Streetman & Sanjan Banerjee, Solid State Electronic Devices, 5th Edition, PHI, 2003. REFERENCES 1. Donald A. Neaman, Semiconductor Physics and Devices, 3rd Edition, TMH, 2002. 2. Yannis Tsividis, Operation & Mode line of MOS Transistor, 2nd Edition, Oxford University Press, 1999. 3. Nandita Das Gupta & Aamitava Das Gupta, Semiconductor Devices Modeling a Technology, PHI, 2004. 4. D.K. Bhattacharya & Rajinish Sharma, Solid State Electronic Devices, Oxford University Press, 2007. 37 EC2024 SPEECH PROCESSING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I MECHANICS OF SPEECH 9 Speech production: Mechanism of speech production, Acoustic phonetics - Digital models for speech signals - Representations of speech waveform: Sampling speech signals, basics of quantization, delta modulation, and Differential PCM - Auditory perception: psycho acoustics. UNIT II TIME DOMAIN METHODS FOR SPEECH PROCESSING 9 Time domain parameters of Speech signal – Methods for extracting the parameters Energy, Average Magnitude, Zero crossing Rate – Silence Discrimination using ZCR and energy – Short Time Auto Correlation Function – Pitch period estimation using Auto Correlation Function. UNIT III FREQUENCY DOMAIN METHOD FOR SPEECH PROCESSING 9 Short Time Fourier analysis: Fourier transform and linear filtering interpretations, Sampling rates - Spectrographic displays - Pitch and formant extraction - Analysis by Synthesis - Analysis synthesis systems: Phase vocoder, Channel Vocoder - Homomorphic speech analysis: Cepstral analysis of Speech, Formant and Pitch Estimation, Homomorphic Vocoders. UNIT IV LINEAR PREDICTIVE ANALYSIS OF SPEECH 9 Basic Principles of linear predictive analysis – Auto correlation method – Covariance method – Solution of LPC equations – Cholesky method – Durbin’s Recursive algorithm, – Application of LPC parameters – Pitch detection using LPC parameters – Formant analysis – VELP – CELP. UNIT V APPLICATION OF SPEECH & AUDIO SIGNAL PROCESSING 9 Algorithms: Dynamic time warping, K-means clusering and Vector quantization, Gaussian mixture modeling, hidden Markov modeling - Automatic Speech Recognition: Feature Extraction for ASR, Deterministic sequence recognition, Statistical Sequence recognition, Language models - Speaker identification and verification – Voice response system – Speech synthesis: basics of articulatory, source-filter, and concatenative synthesis – VOIP TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. Thomas F, Quatieri, Discrete-Time Speech Signal Processing, Prentice Hall / Pearson Education, 2004. REFERENCES: 1. Ben Gold and Nelson Morgan, Speech and Audio Signal Processing, John Wiley and Sons Inc., Singapore, 2004 2. L.R.Rabiner and R.W.Schaffer – Digital Processing of Speech signals – Prentice Hall -1979 3. L.R. Rabiner and B. H. Juang, Fundamentals of Speech Recognition, Prentice Hall, 1993. 4. J.R. Deller, J.H.L. Hansen and J.G. Proakis, Discrete Time Processing of Speech Signals, John Wiley, IEEE Press, 1999. 38 MA2264 NUMERICAL METHODS L T P C 3 1 0 4 UNIT I SOLUTION OF EQUATIONS AND EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS 9 Solution of equation –Fixed point iteration: x=g(x) method - Newton’s method – Solution of linear system by Gaussian elimination and Gauss-Jordon method– Iterative method - Gauss-Seidel method - Inverse of a matrix by Gauss Jordon method – Eigen value of a matrix by power method and by Jacobi method for symmetric matrix. UNIT II INTERPOLATION AND APPROXIMATION 9 Lagrangian Polynomials – Divided differences – Interpolating with a cubic spline – Newton’s forward and backward difference formulas. UNIT III NUMERICAL DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION 9 Differentiation using interpolation formulae –Numerical integration by trapezoidal and Simpson’s 1/3 and 3/8 rules – Romberg’s method – Two and Three point Gaussian quadrature formulae – Double integrals using trapezoidal and Simpsons’s rules. UNIT IV INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS FOR ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9 Single step methods: Taylor series method – Euler method for first order equation – Fourth order Runge – Kutta method for solving first and second order equations – Multistep methods: Milne’s and Adam’s predictor and corrector methods. UNIT V BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS IN ORDINARY AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9 Finite difference solution of second order ordinary differential equation – Finite difference solution of one dimensional heat equation by explicit and implicit methods – One dimensional wave equation and two dimensional Laplace and Poisson equations. L : 45 , T : 15 ,TOTAL = 60 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Veerarjan, T and Ramachandran, T. ‘Numerical methods with programming in ‘C’ Second Editiion, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing.Co.Ltd. (2007). 2. Sankara Rao K, ‘Numerical Methods for Scientisits and Engineers’ – 3rd editiion Printice Hall of India Private Ltd, New Delhi, (2007). REFERENCES 1. Chapra, S. C and Canale, R. P. “Numerical Methods for Engineers”, 5th Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2007. 2. Gerald, C. F. and Wheatley, P.O., “Applied Numerical Analysis”, 6th Edition, Pearson Education Asia, New Delhi, 2006. 3. Grewal, B.S. and Grewal,J.S., “ Numerical methods in Engineering and Science”, 6th Edition, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 2004 39 CS2021 MULTICORE PROGRAMMING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO MULTIPROCESSORS AND SCALABILITY ISSUES 9 Scalable design principles – Principles of processor design – Instruction Level Parallelism, Thread level parallelism. Parallel computer models –- Symmetric and distributed shared memory architectures – Performance Issues – Multi-core Architectures - Software and hardware multithreading – SMT and CMP architectures – Design issues – Case studies – Intel Multi-core architecture – SUN CMP architecture. UNIT II PARALLEL PROGRAMMING 9 Fundamental concepts – Designing for threads – scheduling - Threading and parallel programming constructs – Synchronization – Critical sections – Deadlock. Threading APIs. UNIT III OPENMP PROGRAMMING 9 OpenMP – Threading a loop – Thread overheads – Performance issues – Library functions. Solutions to parallel programming problems – Data races, deadlocks and livelocks – Non-blocking algorithms – Memory and cache related issues. UNIT IV MPI PROGRAMMING 9 MPI Model – collective communication – data decomposition – communicators and topologies – point-to-point communication – MPI Library. UNIT V MULTITHREADED APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT 9 Algorithms, program development and performance tuning. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK 1. Shameem Akhter and Jason Roberts, “Multi-core Programming”, Intel Press, 2006. 2. Michael J Quinn, Parallel programming in C with MPI and OpenMP, Tata Mcgraw Hill, 2003. REFERENCES 1. John L. Hennessey and David A. Patterson, “ Computer architecture – A quantitative approach”, Morgan Kaufmann/Elsevier Publishers, 4th. edition, 2007. 2. David E. Culler, Jaswinder Pal Singh, “Parallel computing architecture : A hardware/ software approach” , Morgan Kaufmann/Elsevier Publishers, 1999. EC2027 ADVANCED MICROPROCESSORS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I 80186, 80286, 80386 AND 80486 MICROPROCESSORS 9 80186 Architecture, Enhancements of 80186 – 80286 Architecture – Real and Virtual Addressing Modes – 80386 Architecture – Special Registers – Memory Management – Memory Paging Mechanism – 80486 Architecture – Enhancements – Cache Memory Techniques – Exception Handling – Comparison of Microprocessors (8086 – 80186 – 80286 – 80386 – 80486). 40 UNIT II PENTIUM MICROPROCESSORS 9 Pentium Microprocessor Architecture – Special Pentium Registers – Pentium Memory Management – New Pentium Instructions – Pentium Pro Microprocessor Architecture – Special features – Pentium II Microprocessor Architecture – Pentium III Microprocessor Architecture – Pentium III Architecture – Pentium IV Architecture – Comparison of Pentium Processors. UNIT III RISC PROCESSORS I 9 PowerPC620 – Instruction fetching – Branch Prediction – Fetching – Speculation, Instruction dispatching – dispatch stalls – Instruction Execution – Issue stalls- Execution Parallelism – Instruction completion – Basics of P6 micro architecture – Pipelining – ourof- order core pipeline – Memory subsystem. UNIT IV RISC PROCESSORS II(Superscalar Processors) 9 Intel i960 – Intel IA32- MIPS R8000 – MIPS R10000 – Motorola 88110 – Ultra SPARC processor- SPARC version 8 – SPARC version 9. UNIT V PC HARDWARE OVERVIEW 9 Functional Units & Interconnection, New Generation Mother Boards 286 to Pentium 4 Bus Interface- ISA- EISA- VESA- PCI- PCIX. Peripheral Interfaces and Controller, Memory and I/O Port Addresses. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXTBOOKS: 1. B.B.Brey The Intel Microprocessor 8086/8088 /80186/80188, 80286, 80386, 80486 PENTIUM, PENTIUM Pro, PII, PIII & IV Archietecture, Programming & Interfacing, Pearson Education , 2004. 1. John Paul Shen, Mikko H.Lipasti, “Modern Processor Design”, Tata Mcgraw Hill, 2006. REFERENCES 1. Douglas V.Hall, “Microprocessors and Interfacing”, Tata McGraw Hill, II Edition 2006 2. Mohamed Rafiquzzaman, “Microprocessors and Microcomputer Based System Design”, II Edition, CRC Press, 2007. EC2028 INTERNET AND JAVA L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTERNETWORKING WITH TCP / IP 9 Review of network technologies, Internet addressing, Address resolution protocols (ARP / RARP), Routing IP datagrams, Reliable stream transport service (TCP) TCP / IP over ATM networks, Internet applications - E-mail, Telnet, FTP, NFS, Internet traffic management. 41 UNIT II INTERNET ROUTING 9 Concepts of graph theory, Routing protocols, Distance vector protocols (RIP), Link state protocol (OSPP), Path vector protocols (BGP and IDRP), Routing for high speed multimedia traffic, Multicasting, Resource reservation (RSVP), IP switching. UNIT III WORLD WIDE WEB 9 HTTP protocol, Web browsers netscape, Internet explorer, Web site and Web page design, HTML, Dynamic HTML, CGI, Java script. UNIT IV INTRODUCTION TO JAVA 9 The java programming environment, Fundamental Programming structures, Objects and Classes, Inheritance, Event handling, Exceptions and Debugging, Multithreading , RMI. UNIT V JAVA PROGRAMMING 9 Networking with Java, Swing: Applets and Applications, Menu’s & Tool Bars, Java and XML – Creating packages, Interfaces, JAR files & Annotations, Javabeans, JDBC. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXTBOOKS 1. Douglas E.Comer, "Internetworking with TCP/IP", Vol. I: 5th edition, Pearson Education, 2007 (Unit – I &II) 2. Robert W.Sebesta, “Programming the worldwide web”, 3/e, Pearson Education. (Unit-III), 2007. 3. Steven Holzner et. al, “Java 2 Programming” , Black Book, Dreamtech Press, 2006. (Unit –IV & V) REFERENCES 1. Cay S.Hortsmann, Gary Cornwell, “Core Java 2”, Vol I, Pearson Education, 7/e, 2005. 2. W. Richard Stevens, “ TCP/IP Illustrated, The Protocol” , Vol I , Pearson Education, 1st Edition, 2006. 3. Behrouz A. Farouzon , “TCP/IP Protocol Suite, 3rd edition , Tata McGraw Hill, 2007 4. Chris Bates, “ Web Programming Building Internet Applications”, Wiley Publications. 5. Kogent Solutions Inc., “ Java Server Programming”, Black Book, Dreamtech Press, 2007 Platinum edition. EC2029 DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I DIGITAL IMAGE FUNDAMENTALS 9 Elements of digital image processing systems, Vidicon and Digital Camera working principles, Elements of visual perception, brightness, contrast, hue, saturation, mach band effect, Color image fundamentals - RGB, HSI models, Image sampling, Quantization, dither, Two-dimensional mathematical preliminaries, 2D transforms - DFT, DCT, KLT, SVD. UNIT II IMAGE ENHANCEMENT 9 Histogram equalization and specification techniques, Noise distributions, Spatial averaging, Directional Smoothing, Median, Geometric mean, Harmonic mean, Contraharmonic mean filters, Homomorphic filtering, Color image enhancement. 42 UNIT III IMAGE RESTORATION 9 Image Restoration - degradation model, Unconstrained restoration - Lagrange multiplier and Constrained restoration, Inverse filtering-removal of blur caused by uniform linear motion, Wiener filtering, Geometric transformations-spatial transformations. UNIT IV IMAGE SEGMENTATION 9 Edge detection, Edge linking via Hough transform – Thresholding - Region based segmentation – Region growing – Region splitting and Merging – Segmentation by morphological watersheds – basic concepts – Dam construction – Watershed segmentation algorithm. UNIT V IMAGE COMPRESSION 9 Need for data compression, Huffman, Run Length Encoding, Shift codes, Arithmetic coding, Vector Quantization, Transform coding, JPEG standard, MPEG. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXTBOOKS: 1. Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E. Woods, , Digital Image Processing', Pearson , Second Edition, 2004. 2. Anil K. Jain, , Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing', Pearson 2002. 43 REFERENCES: 1. Kenneth R. Castleman, Digital Image Processing, Pearson, 2006. 2. Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E. Woods, Steven Eddins,' Digital Image Processing using MATLAB', Pearson Education, Inc., 2004. 3. D,E. Dudgeon and RM. Mersereau, , Multidimensional Digital Signal Processing', Prentice Hall Professional Technical Reference, 1990. 4. William K. Pratt, , Digital Image Processing' , John Wiley, New York, 2002 5. Milan Sonka et aI, 'IMAGE PROCESSING, ANALYSIS AND MACHINE VISION', Brookes/Cole, Vikas Publishing House, 2nd edition, 1999, EC2030 ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I DISCRETE RANDOM PROCESS 9 Discrete random process – Ensemble averages, Stationary and ergodic processes, Autocorrelation and Autocovariance properties and matrices, White noise, Power Spectral Density, Spectral Factorization, Innovations Representation and Process, Filtering random processes, ARMA, AR and MA processes. UNIT II SPECTRAL ESTIMATION 9 Bias and Consistency, Periodogram, Modified periodogram, Blackman-Tukey method, Welch method, Parametric methods of spectral estimation, Levinson-Durbin recursion. UNIT III LINEAR ESTIMATION AND PREDICTION 9 Forward and Backward linear prediction, Filtering - FIR Wiener filter- Filtering and linear prediction, non-causal and causal IIR Wiener filters, Discrete Kalman filter. UNIT IV ADAPTIVE FILTERS 9 Principles of adaptive filter – FIR adaptive filter – Newton’s Steepest descent algorithm – Derivation of first order adaptive filter – LMS adaptation algorithms – Adaptive noise cancellation, Adaptive equalizer, Adaptive echo cancellors. UNIT V ADVANCED TRANSFORM TECHNIQUES 9 2-D Discrete Fourier transform and properties– Applications to image smoothing and sharpening – Continuous and Discrete wavelet transforms – Multiresolution Analysis – Application to signal compression. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Monson H Hayes,” Statistical Digital Signal processing and Modeling”, Wiley Student Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 2004. 2. R.C. Gonzalez and R.E. Woods, “ Digital Image Processing”, Pearson, Second Edition, 2004. REFERENCES: 1. John G Proakis and Manolakis, “ Digital Signal Processing Principles, Algorithms and Applications”, Pearson, Fourth Edition, 2007. 2. Sophocles J. Orfanidis, Optimum Signal Processing, An Introduction, McGraw Hill, 1990. 44 EC2031 ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE AND COMPATIBILITY L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I BASIC CONCEPTS 9 Definition of EMI and EMC with examples, Classification of EMI/EMC - CE, RE, CS, RS, Units of Parameters, Sources of EMI, EMI coupling modes - CM and DM, ESD Phenomena and effects, Transient phenomena and suppression. UNIT II EMI MEASUREMENTS 9 Basic principles of RE, CE, RS and CS measurements, EMI measuring instruments- Antennas, LISN, Feed through capacitor, current probe, EMC analyzer and detection t6echnique open area site, shielded anechoic chamber, TEM cell. UNIT III EMC STANDARD AND REGULATIONS 8 National and Intentional standardizing organizations- FCC, CISPR, ANSI, DOD, IEC, CENEEC, FCC CE and RE standards, CISPR, CE and RE Standards, IEC/EN, CS standards, Frequency assignment - spectrum conversation. UNIT IV EMI CONTROL METHODS AND FIXES 10 Shielding, Grounding, Bonding, Filtering, EMI gasket, Isolation transformer, opto isolator. UNIT V EMC DESIGN AND INTERCONNECTION TECHNIQUES 9 Cable routing and connection, Component selection and mounting, PCB design- Trace routing, Impedance control, decoupling, Zoning and grounding TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Prasad Kodali.V – Engineering Electromagnetic Compatibility – S.Chand&Co – New Delhi – 2000 2. Clayton R.Paul – Introduction to Electromagnetic compatibility – John Wiley & Sons – 1992 REFERENCES 1. Keiser – Principles of Electromagnetic Compatibility – Artech House – 3rd Edition – 1994 2. Donwhite Consultant Incorporate – Handbook of EMI / EMC – Vol I - 1985 CS2060 HIGH SPEED NETWORKS LT P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I HIGH SPEED NETWORKS 9 Frame Relay Networks – Asynchronous transfer mode – ATM Protocol Architecture, ATM logical Connection, ATM Cell – ATM Service Categories – AAL, High Speed LANs: Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, Fiber Channel – Wireless LANs: applications, requirements – Architecture of 802.11 45 UNIT II CONGESTION AND TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT 8 Queuing Analysis- Queuing Models – Single Server Queues – Effects of Congestion – Congestion Control – Traffic Management – Congestion Control in Packet Switching Networks – Frame Relay Congestion Control. UNIT III TCP AND ATM CONGESTION CONTROL 11 TCP Flow control – TCP Congestion Control – Retransmission – Timer Management – Exponential RTO backoff – KARN’s Algorithm – Window management – Performance of TCP over ATM. Traffic and Congestion control in ATM – Requirements – Attributes – Traffic Management Frame work, Traffic Control – ABR traffic Management – ABR rate control, RM cell formats, ABR Capacity allocations – GFR traffic management. UNIT IV INTEGRATED AND DIFFERENTIATED SERVICES 8 Integrated Services Architecture – Approach, Components, Services- Queuing Discipline, FQ, PS, BRFQ, GPS, WFQ – Random Early Detection, Differentiated Services UNIT V PROTOCOLS FOR QOS SUPPORT 9 RSVP – Goals & Characteristics, Data Flow, RSVP operations, Protocol Mechanisms – Multiprotocol Label Switching – Operations, Label Stacking, Protocol details – RTP – Protocol Architecture, Data Transfer Protocol, RTCP. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK 1. William Stallings, “HIGH SPEED NETWORKS AND INTERNET”, Pearson Education, Second Edition, 2002. REFERENCES 1. Warland, Pravin Varaiya, “High performance communication networks”, Second Edition , Jean Harcourt Asia Pvt. Ltd., , 2001. 2. Irvan Pepelnjk, Jim Guichard, Jeff Apcar, “MPLS and VPN architecture”, Cisco Press, Volume 1 and 2, 2003. 3. Abhijit S. Pandya, Ercan Sea, “ATM Technology for Broad Band Telecommunication Networks”, CRC Press, New York, 2004. EC2033 POWER ELECTRONICS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I POWER ELECTRONICS DEVICES 9 Characteristics of power devices – characteristics of SCR, diac, triac, SCS, GTO, PUJT – power transistors – power FETs – LASCR – two transistor model of SCR – Protection of thyristors against over voltage – over current, dv/dt and di/dt. UNIT II TRIGGERING TECHNIQUES 9 Turn on circuits for SCR – triggering with single pulse and train of pulses – synchronizing with supply – triggering with microprocessor – forced commutation – different techniques – series and parallel operations of SCRs. 46 UNIT III CONTROLLED RECTIFIERS 9 Converters – single phase – three phase – half controlled and fully controlled rectifiers – Waveforms of load voltage and line current under constant load current – effect of transformer leakage inductance – dual converter. UNIT IV INVERTERS 9 Voltage and current source inverters, resonant, Series inverter, PWM inverter. AC and DC choppers – DC to DC converters – Buck, boost and buck – boost. UNIT V INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS 9 DC motor drives – Induction and synchronous motor drives – switched reluctance and brushless motor drives – Battery charger – SMPS – UPS – induction and dielectric heating. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Muhamed H.Rashid : Power Electronics Circuits, Devices and Applications, 3rd Edition. 2004 PHI. 2. M.D. Singh and K.B. Kanchandani, Power Electronics, 2nd Edition, TMH, 2007. REFERENCES 1. Sen: Power Electronics, TMH, 1987. 2. Dubey: Thyristorised Power Controllers, Wiley Eastern 1986. 3. Vithayathil: Power Electronics – Principles and Applications, McGraw-Hill, 1995. 4. Lander: Power Electronics, 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill, 1994. 5. Jacob, Power Electronics, Thomson Learning, 2002. 6. V.R. Moorthy, Power Electronics, Oxford University Press, 2005. EC2034 TELEVISION AND VIDEO ENGINEERING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF TELEVISION 9 Aspect ratio-Image continuity-Number of scanning lines-Interlaced scanning-Picture resolution-Camera tubes-Image Orthicon-Vidicon- Plumbicon- Silicon Diode Array Vidicon- Solid-state Image scanners- Monochrome picture tubes- Composite video signal- video signal dimension-horizontal sync. Composition-vertical sync. Detailsfunctions of vertical pulse train- Scanning sequence details. Picture signal transmissionpositive and negative modulation- VSB transmission- Sound signal transmission- Standard channel bandwidth. UNIT II MONOCHROME TELEVISION TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER 9 TV transmitter-TV signal Propagation- Interference- TV Transmission Antennas- Monochrome TV receiver- RF tuner- UHF, VHF tuner-Digital tuning techniques-AFT-IF subsystems-AGC Noise cancellation-Video and Sound inter-carrier detection-Vision IF subsystem- DC re-insertion-Video amplifier circuits-Sync operation- typical sync processing circuits-Deflection current waveforms, Deflection oscillators- Frame deflection circuits- requirements- Line deflection circuits-EHT generation-Receiver antennas. UNIT III ESSENTIALS OF COLOUR TELEVISION 9 Compatibility- Colour perception-Three colour theory- Luminance, Hue and saturation- Colour television cameras-Values of luminance and colour difference signals-Colour 47 television display tubes-Delta-gun Precision-in-line and Trinitron colour picture tubes- Purity and convergence- Purity and static and Dynamic convergence adjustments- Pincushion-correction techniques-Automatic degaussing circuit- Gray scale trackingcolour signal transmission- Bandwidth-Modulation of colour difference signals-Weighting factors-Formation of chrominance signal. UNIT IV COLOUR TELEVISION SYSTEMS 9 NTSC colour TV systems-SECAM system- PAL colour TV systems- Cancellation of phase errors-PAL-D Colour system-PAL coder-PAL-Decoder receiver-Chromo signal amplifier-separation of U and V signals-colour burst separation-Burst phase Discriminator-ACC amplifier-Reference Oscillator-Ident and colour killer circuits-U and V demodulators- Colour signal matrixing. Sound in TV UNIT V ADVANCED TELEVISION SYSTEMS 9 Satellite TV technology-Geo Stationary Satellites-Satellite Electronics-Domestic Broadcast System-Cable TV-Cable Signal Sources-Cable Signal Processing, Distribution & Scrambling- Video Recording-VCR Electronics-Video Home Formats- Video Disc recording and playback-DVD Players-Tele Text Signal coding and broadcast receiver- Digital television-Transmission and reception –Projection television-Flat panel display TV receivers-LCD and Plasma screen receivers-3DTV-EDTV. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXTBOOKS 1. R.R.Gulati, “Monochrome Television Practice, Principles, Technology and servicing.” Third Edition 2006, New Age International (P) Publishers. 2. R.R.Gulati, Monochrome & Color Television, New Age International Publisher, 2003. REFERENCES 1. A.M Dhake, “Television and Video Engineering”, 2nd ed., TMH, 2003. 2. R.P.Bali, Color Television, Theory and Practice, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1994 EC2038 NANO ELECTRONICS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO NANOTECHNOLOGY 9 Background to nanotechnology: Types of nanotechnology and nanomachines – periodic table – atomic structure – molecules and phases – energy – molecular and atomic size – surface and dimensional space – top down and bottom up; Molecular Nanotechnology: Electron microscope – scanning electron microscope – atomic force microscope – scanning tunnelling microscope – nanomanipulator – nanotweezers – atom manipulation – nanodots – self assembly – dip pen nanolithography. Nanomaterials: preparation – plasma arcing – chemical vapor deposition – sol-gels – electrodeposition – ball milling – applications of nanomaterials; UNIT II FUNDAMENTALS OF NANOELECTRONICS 9 Fundamentals of logic devices:- Requirements – dynamic properties – threshold gates; physical limits to computations; concepts of logic devices:- classifications – two terminal devices – field effect devices – coulomb blockade devices – spintronics – quantum cellular automata – quantum computing – DNA computer; performance of information processing systems;- basic binary operations, measure of performance processing 48 capability of biological neurons – performance estimation for the human brain. Ultimate computation:- power dissipation limit – dissipation in reversible computation – the ultimate computer. UNIT III SILICON MOSFETs & QUANTUM TRANSPORT DEVICES 9 Silicon MOSFETS - Novel materials and alternate concepts:- fundamentals of MOSFET Devices- scaling rules – silicon-dioxide based gate dielectrics – metal gates – junctions & contacts – advanced MOSFET concepts. Quantum transport devices based on resonant tunneling:- Electron tunneling – resonant tunneling diodes – resonant tunneling devices; Single electron devices for logic applications:- Single electron devices – applications of single electron devices to logic circuits. UNIT IV CARBON NANOTUBES 9 Carbon Nanotube: Fullerenes - types of nanotubes – formation of nanotubes – assemblies – purification of carbon nanotubes – electronic propertics – synthesis of carbon nanotubes – carbon nanotube interconnects – carbon nanotube FETs – Nanotube for memory applications – prospects of an all carbon nanotube nanoelectronics. UNIT V MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS 9 Electrodes & contacts – functions – molecular electronic devices – first test systems – simulation and circuit design – fabrication; Future applications: MEMS – robots – random access memory – mass storage devices. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXTBOOKS 1. Michael Wilson, Kamali Kannangara, Geoff Smith, Michelle Simmons and Burkhard Raguse, Nanotechnology: Basic Science and Emerging Technologies, Chapman & Hall / CRC, 2002 2. T. Pradeep, NANO: The Essentials – Understanding Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, TMH, 2007 3. Rainer Waser (Ed.), Nanoelectronics and Information Technology: Advanced Electronic Materials and Novel Devices, Wiley-VCH, 2003 CS2053 SOFT COMPUTING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I FUZZY SET THEORY 10 Introduction to Neuro – Fuzzy and Soft Computing – Fuzzy Sets – Basic Definition and Terminology – Set-theoretic Operations – Member Function Formulation and Parameterization – Fuzzy Rules and Fuzzy Reasoning – Extension Principle and Fuzzy Relations – Fuzzy If-Then Rules – Fuzzy Reasoning – Fuzzy Inference Systems – Mamdani Fuzzy Models – Sugeno Fuzzy Models – Tsukamoto Fuzzy Models – Input Space Partitioning and Fuzzy Modeling. UNIT II OPTIMIZATION 8 Derivative-based Optimization – Descent Methods – The Method of Steepest Descent – Classical Newton’s Method – Step Size Determination – Derivative-free Optimization – Genetic Algorithms – Simulated Annealing – Random Search – Downhill Simplex Search. 49 UNIT III ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 10 Introduction, Knowledge Representation – Reasoning, Issues and Acquisition: Prepositional and Predicate Calculus Rule Based knowledge Representation Symbolic Reasoning Under Uncertainity Basic knowledge Representation Issues Knowledge acquisition – Heuristic Search: Techniques for Heuristic search Heuristic Classification - State Space Search: Strategies Implementation of Graph Search Search based on Recursion Patent-directed Search Production System and Learning. UNIT IV NEURO FUZZY MODELING 9 Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems – Architecture – Hybrid Learning Algorithm – Learning Methods that Cross-fertilize ANFIS and RBFN – Coactive Neuro Fuzzy Modeling – Framework Neuron Functions for Adaptive Networks – Neuro Fuzzy Spectrum. UNIT V APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE 8 Printed Character Recognition – Inverse Kinematics Problems – Automobile Fuel Efficiency Prediction – Soft Computing for Color Recipe Prediction. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. J.S.R.Jang, C.T.Sun and E.Mizutani, “Neuro-Fuzzy and Soft Computing”, PHI, 2004, Pearson Education 2004. 2. N.P.Padhy, “Artificial Intelligence and Intelligent Systems”, Oxford University Press, 2006. REFERENCES: 1. Elaine Rich & Kevin Knight, Artificial Intelligence, Second Edition, Tata Mcgraw Hill Publishing Comp., 2006, New Delhi. 2. Timothy J.Ross, “Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications”, McGraw-Hill, 1997. 3. Davis E.Goldberg, “Genetic Algorithms: Search, Optimization and Machine Learning”, Addison Wesley, N.Y., 1989. 4. S. Rajasekaran and G.A.V.Pai, “Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithms”, PHI, 2003. 5. R.Eberhart, P.Simpson and R.Dobbins, “Computational Intelligence - PC Tools”, AP Professional, Boston, 1996. 6. Amit Konar, “Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Behaviour and Cognitive model of the human brain”, CRC Press, 2008. GE2022 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Introduction - Need for quality - Evolution of quality - Definition of quality - Dimensions of manufacturing and service quality - Basic concepts of TQM - Definition of TQM – TQM Framework - Contributions of Deming, Juran and Crosby – Barriers to TQM. UNIT II TQM PRINCIPLES 9 Leadership – Strategic quality planning, Quality statements - Customer focus – Customer orientation, Customer satisfaction, Customer complaints, Customer retention - Employee involvement – Motivation, Empowerment, Team and Teamwork, Recognition and Reward, Performance appraisal - Continuous process improvement – PDSA cycle, 5s, Kaizen - Supplier partnership – Partnering, Supplier selection, Supplier Rating. 50 UNIT III TQM TOOLS & TECHNIQUES I 9 The seven traditional tools of quality – New management tools – Six-sigma: Concepts, methodology, applications to manufacturing, service sector including IT – Bench marking – Reason to bench mark, Bench marking process – FMEA – Stages, Types. UNIT IV TQM TOOLS & TECHNIQUES II 9 Quality circles – Quality Function Deployment (QFD) – Taguchi quality loss function – TPM – Concepts, improvement needs – Cost of Quality – Performance measures. UNIT V QUALITY SYSTEMS 9 Need for ISO 9000- ISO 9000-2000 Quality System – Elements, Documentation, Quality auditing- QS 9000 – ISO 14000 – Concepts, Requirements and Benefits – Case studies of TQM implementation in manufacturing and service sectors including IT. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK 1. Dale H.Besterfiled, et at., “Total Quality Management”, Pearson Education Asia, 3rd Edition, Indian Reprint (2006). REFERENCES 1. James R. Evans and William M. Lindsay, “The Management and Control of Quality”, 6th Edition, South-Western (Thomson Learning), 2005. 2. Oakland, J.S., “TQM – Text with Cases”, Butterworth – Heinemann Ltd., Oxford, 3rd Edition, 2003. 3. Suganthi,L and Anand Samuel, “Total Quality Management”, Prentice Hall (India) Pvt. Ltd.,2006. 4. Janakiraman, B and Gopal, R.K, “Total Quality Management – Text and Cases”, Prentice Hall (India) Pvt. Ltd., 2006. EC2035 CRYPTOGRAPHY AND NETWORK SECURITY L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION 10 OSI Security Architecture - Classical Encryption techniques – Cipher Principles – Data Encryption Standard – Block Cipher Design Principles and Modes of Operation - Evaluation criteria for AES – AES Cipher – Triple DES – Placement of Encryption Function – Traffic Confidentiality UNIT II PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY 10 Key Management - Diffie-Hellman key Exchange – Elliptic Curve Architecture and Cryptography - Introduction to Number Theory – Confidentiality using Symmetric Encryption – Public Key Cryptography and RSA. UNIT III AUTHENTICATION AND HASH FUNCTION 9 Authentication requirements – Authentication functions – Message Authentication Codes – Hash Functions – Security of Hash Functions and MACs – MD5 message Digest 51 algorithm - Secure Hash Algorithm – RIPEMD – HMAC Digital Signatures – Authentication Protocols – Digital Signature Standard UNIT IV NETWORK SECURITY 8 Authentication Applications: Kerberos – X.509 Authentication Service – Electronic Mail Security – PGP – S/MIME - IP Security – Web Security. UNIT V SYSTEM LEVEL SECURITY 8 Intrusion detection – password management – Viruses and related Threats – Virus Counter measures – Firewall Design Principles – Trusted Systems. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. William Stallings, “Cryptography And Network Security – Principles and Practices”, Pearson Education, Third Edition, 2003. 2. Behrouz A. Foruzan, “Cryptography and Network Security”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2007 REFERENCES 1. Bruce Schneier, “Applied Cryptography”, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2001. 2. Charles B. Pfleeger, Shari Lawrence Pfleeger, “Security in Computing”, Third Edition, Pearson Education, 2003 3. Wade Trappe and Lawrence C. Washington , “ Introduction to Cryptography with coding theory” , Pearson Education, 2007. 4. Wenbo Mao, “ Modern Cryptography Theory and Practice” , Pearson Education , 2007 5. Thomas Calabrese, “Information Security Intelligence : Cryptographic Principles and Applications”, Thomson Delmar Learning,2006. 6. Atul Kahate, “Cryptography and Network Security”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2003. EC2036 INFORMATION THEORY L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF INFORMATION 8 Basic inequalities, Entropy, Kullback-Leibler distance, Mutual information, Bounds on entropy, Fisher information , Cramer Rao inequality, Second law of thermodynamics , Sufficient statistic , Entropy rates of a Stochastic process UNIT II CAPACITY OF NOISELESS CHANNEL 8 Fundamental theorem for a noiseless channel ,Data compression , Kraft inequality , Shannon-Fano codes , Huffman codes , Asymptotic equipartition , Rate distortion theory . UNIT III CHANNEL CAPACITY 9 Properties of channel capacity , Jointly typical sequences , Channel Coding Theorem, converse to channel coding theorem, Joint source channel coding theorem , UNIT IV DIFFERENTIAL ENTROPY AND GAUSSIAN CHANNEL 9 AEP for continuous random variables, relationship between continuous and discrete entropy, properties of differential entropy, Gaussian channel definitions, converse to coding theorem for Gaussian channel, channels with colored noise, Gaussian channels with feedback . 52 UNIT V NETWORK INFORMATION THEORY 11 Gaussian multiple user channels , Multiple access channel , Encoding of correlated sources , Broadcast channel , Relay channel , Source coding and rate distortion with side information , General multi-terminal networks. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXTBOOK 1. Elements of Information theory – Thomas Cover, Joy Thomas : Wiley 1999 REFERENCE 1. Information theory, inference & learning algorithms – David Mackay year? EC2037 MULTIMEDIA COMPRESSION AND COMMUNICATION L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I MULTIMEDIA COMPONENTS 9 Introduction - Multimedia skills - Multimedia components and their chacracteristics - Text, sound, images, graphics, animation, video, hardware. UNIT II AUDIO AND VIDEO COMPRESSION 9 Audio compression–DPCM-Adaptive PCM –adaptive predictive coding-linear Predictive coding-code excited LPC-perpetual coding Video compression –principles-H.261-H.263- MPEG 1, 2, 4. UNIT III TEXT AND IMAGE COMPRESSION 9 Compression principles-source encoders and destination encoders-lossless and lossy compression-entropy encoding –source encoding -text compression –static Huffman coding dynamic coding –arithmetic coding –Lempel ziv-welsh Compression-image compression UNIT IV VoIP TECHNOLOGY 9 Basics of IP transport, VoIP challenges, H.323/ SIP –Network Architecture, Protocols, Call establishment and release, VoIP and SS7, Quality of Service- CODEC Methods- VOIP applicability UNIT V MULTIMEDIA NETWORKING 9 Multimedia networking -Applications-streamed stored and audio-making the best Effort service-protocols for real time interactive Applications-distributing multimedia-beyond best effort service-secluding and policing Mechanisms-integrated services-differentiated Services-RSVP. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Fred Halsall “Multimedia communication - applications, networks, protocols and standards”, Pearson education, 2007. 2. Tay Vaughan, “Multideai: making it work”, 7/e, TMH 2007 53 3. Kurose and W.Ross” Computer Networking “a Top down approach, Pearson education REFERENCES 1. Marcus gonzalves “Voice over IP Networks”, Mcgaraw hill 2. KR. Rao,Z S Bojkovic, D A Milovanovic, “Multimedia Communication Systems: Techniques, Standards, and Networks”, Pearson Education 2007 3. R. Steimnetz, K. Nahrstedt, “Multimedia Computing, Communications and Applications”, Pearson Education 4. Ranjan Parekh, “Principles of Multimedia”, TMH 2006 EC2039 PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO PARALLEL PROCESSING AND PARALLEL ARCHITECTURES 9 Need and definition of parallel processing, shared memory multiprocessing, Distributed memory, using parallelism, tools and languages, Parallelism in sequential machines, Multiprocessor architecture, Pipelining, Array processors. UNIT II SHARED MEMORY PROGRAMMING AND THREAD BASED IMPLEMENTATION 9 Shared Memory Programming and its general model, Process model under UNIX, Thread management, Example with threads, Attributes of Threads, Mutual Exclusion with threads and Thread implementation.. UNIT III DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING – MESSAGE PASSING AND RPC MODEL 9 Message-passing model, General model, programming model, PVM, Remote procedure calls (RPC), Parameter passing, JAVA Remote Method Invocation, Distributed computing environment(DCE), Developing Applications in DCE. UNIT IV DEBUGGING PARALLEL PROGRAMS AND OTHER PARALLELISM PARADIGMS 9 Debugging Techniques, Debugging Message passing parallel programs and shared memory parallel programs, Dataflow computing, systolic architectures, functional and logic paradigms, distributed shared memory. UNIT V DISTRIBUTED DATABASES AND DISTRIBUTED OPERATING SYSTEMS 9 Reasons for and objectives of distributed databases, issues and systems, distribution options, concurrency control, DDBMS structure. Need for Distributed operating systems, network operating systems, distributed OS, Goals of DOS and Design issues. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. M.Sasikumar, D.Shikhare and P. Ravi Prakash, “Introduction to Parallel processing”. PHI 2006. 2. V. Rajaraman, C. Siva Ram Murthy, “Parallel computers: Architecture and programming”, PHI 2006. 54 REFERENCES 1. Harry F. Jordan, Gita Alaghband, “Fundamentals of parallel processing”, PHI 2006. 2. Quinn, M.J., “Designing Efficient Algorithms for Parallel Computers”, McGraw -Hill, 1995. 3. Culler, D.E., “Parallel Computer Architecture”, A Hardware – Software approach, Harcourt Asia Pte. Ltd., 1999 EC2041 AVIONICS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Introduction to aircraft – Axes system – Parts, importance and role of Avionics – systems which interface directly with pilot – Aircraft state sensor systems – Navigation systems – External world sensor systems – task automation systems. Avionics architecture evolution. Avionics Data buses - MIL STD 1553, ARINC 429, ARINC 629. UNIT II RADIO NAVIGATION 9 Types of Radio Navigation – ADF, DME, VOR, LORAN, DECCA, OMEGA. ILS, MLS UNIT III INERTIAL AND SATELLITE NAVIGATION SYSTEMS 9 Inertial sensors – Gyroscopes, Accelerometers, Inertial navigation systems – Block diagram, Platform and strap down INS. Satellite Navigation - GPS UNIT IV AIR DATA SYSTEMS AND AUTOPILOT 9 Air data quantities – Altitude, Airspeed, Mach no., Vertical speed, Total Air temperature, Stall warning, Altitude warning. Autopilot – basic principles – longitudinal and lateral autopilot. UNIT V AIRCRAFT DISPLAYS 9 Display technologies – LED, LCD, CRT, Flat Panel Display. Primary Flight parameter displays - Head Up Display, Helmet Mounted Display, Night vision goggles, Head Down Display, MFD, MFK, Virtual cockpit. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXTBOOKS: 1. Albert Helfrick. D, ‘Principles of Avionics’, Avionics communications Inc., 2004 2. Collinson, R.P.G, ‘Introduction to Avionics’, Chapman and Hall, 1996. REFERENCES: 1. Middleton, D.H, ‘Avionics Systems’, Longman Scientific and Technical, Longman Group UK Ltd, England, 1989. 2. Spitzer, C.R. ‘Digital Avionics Systems’, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., USA 1993. 3. Spitzer, C.R, ‘The Avionics Handbook’, CRC Press, 2000. 4. Pallet, E.H.J, ‘Aircraft Instruments and Integrated Systems’, Longman Scientific 55 GE2071 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (IPR) L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I 9 Introduction – Invention and Creativity – Intellectual Property (IP) – Importance – Protection of IPR – Basic types of property (i). Movable Property - Immovable Property and - Intellectual Property. UNIT II 9 IP – Patents – Copyrights and related rights – Trade Marks and rights arising from Trademark registration – Definitions – Industrial Designs and Integrated circuits – Protection of Geographical Indications at national and International levels – Application Procedures.. UNIT III 9 International convention relating to Intellectual Property – Establishment of WIPO – Mission and Activities – History – General Agreement on Trade and Tariff (GATT) – TRIPS Agreement. UNIT IV 9 Indian Position Vs WTO and Strategies – Indian IPR legislations – commitments to WTO-Patent Ordinance and the Bill – Draft of a national Intellectual Property Policy – Present against unfair competition. UNIT V 9 Case Studies on – Patents (Basumati rice, turmeric, Neem, etc.) – Copyright and related rights – Trade Marks – Industrial design and Integrated circuits – Geographic indications – Protection against unfair competition. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Subbaram N.R. “Handbook of Indian Patent Law and Practice “, S. Viswanathan Printers and Publishers Pvt. Ltd., 1998. REFERENCES: 1. Eli Whitney, United States Patent Number: 72X, Cotton Gin, March 14, 1794. 2. Intellectual Property Today: Volume 8, No. 5, May 2001, [www.iptoday.com]. 3. Using the Internet for non-patent prior art searches, Derwent IP Matters, July 2000. www.ipmatters.net/features/000707_gibbs.html. GE2021 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I ENGINEERING ETHICS 9 Senses of ‘Engineering Ethics’ – Variety of moral issues – Types of inquiry – Moral dilemmas – Moral Autonomy – Kohlberg’s theory – Gilligan’s theory – Consensus and Controversy – Professions and Professionalism – Professional Ideals and Virtues – Uses of Ethical Theories 56 UNIT II ENGINEERING AS SOCIAL EXPERIMENTATION 9 Engineering as Experimentation – Engineers as responsible Experimenters – Research Ethics - Codes of Ethics – Industrial Standards - A Balanced Outlook on Law – The Challenger Case Study UNIT III ENGINEER’S RESPONSIBILITY FOR SAFETY 9 Safety and Risk – Assessment of Safety and Risk – Risk Benefit Analysis – Reducing Risk – The Government Regulator’s Approach to Risk - Chernobyl Case Studies and Bhopal UNIT IV RESPONSIBILITIES AND RIGHTS 9 Collegiality and Loyalty – Respect for Authority – Collective Bargaining – Confidentiality – Conflicts of Interest – Occupational Crime – Professional Rights – Employee Rights – Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) - Discrimination UNIT V GLOBAL ISSUES 9 Multinational Corporations – Business Ethics - Environmental Ethics – Computer Ethics - Role in Technological Development – Weapons Development – Engineers as Managers – Consulting Engineers – Engineers as Expert Witnesses and Advisors – Honesty – Moral Leadership – Sample Code of Conduct TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, “Ethics in Engineering”, McGraw Hill, New York, 2005. 2. Charles E Harris, Michael S Pritchard and Michael J Rabins, “Engineering Ethics – Concepts and Cases”, Thompson Learning, 2000. REFERENCES: 1. Charles D Fleddermann, “Engineering Ethics”, Prentice Hall, New Mexico, 1999. 2. John R Boatright, “Ethics and the Conduct of Business”, Pearson Education, 2003 3. Edmund G Seebauer and Robert L Barry, “Fundamentals of Ethics for Scientists and Engineers”, Oxford University Press, 2001. 4. Prof. (Col) P S Bajaj and Dr. Raj Agrawal, “Business Ethics – An Indian Perspective”, Biztantra, New Delhi, 2004. 5. David Ermann and Michele S Shauf, “Computers, Ethics and Society”, Oxford University Press, (2003) EC2042 EMBEDDED AND REAL TIME SYSTEMS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED COMPUTING 9 Complex systems and microprocessors – Design example: Model train controller – Embedded system design process – Formalism for system design – Instruction sets Preliminaries – ARM Processor – CPU: Programming input and output – Supervisor mode, exception and traps – Coprocessor – Memory system mechanism – CPU performance – CPU power consumption. UNIT II COMPUTING PLATFORM AND DESIGN ANALYSIS 9 CPU buses – Memory devices – I/O devices – Component interfacing – Design with microprocessors – Development and Debugging – Program design – Model of programs – Assembly and Linking – Basic compilation techniques – Analysis and optimization of execution time, power, energy, program size – Program validation and testing. 57 UNIT III PROCESS AND OPERATING SYSTEMS 9 Multiple tasks and multi processes – Processes – Context Switching – Operating Systems –Scheduling policies - Multiprocessor – Inter Process Communication mechanisms – Evaluating operating system performance – Power optimization strategies for processes. UNIT IV HARDWARE ACCELERATES & NETWORKS 9 Accelerators – Accelerated system design – Distributed Embedded Architecture – Networks for Embedded Systems – Network based design – Internet enabled systems. UNIT V CASE STUDY 9 Hardware and software co-design - Data Compressor - Software Modem – Personal Digital Assistants – Set–Top–Box. – System-on-Silicon – FOSS Tools for embedded system development. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1) Wayne Wolf, “Computers as Components - Principles of Embedded Computer System Design”, Morgan Kaufmann Publisher, 2006. REFERENCES: 1) David E-Simon, “An Embedded Software Primer”, Pearson Education, 2007. 2) K.V.K.K.Prasad, “Embedded Real-Time Systems: Concepts, Design & Programming”, dreamtech press, 2005. 3) Tim Wilmshurst, “An Introduction to the Design of Small Scale Embedded Systems”, Pal grave Publisher, 2004. 4) Sriram V Iyer, Pankaj Gupta, “Embedded Real Time Systems Programming”, Tata Mc-Graw Hill, 2004. 5) Tammy Noergaard, “Embedded Systems Architecture”, Elsevier,2006. EC2043 WIRELESS NETWORKS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I MULTIPLE RADIO ACCESS 9 Medium Access Alternatives: Fixed-Assignment for Voice Oriented Networks Random Access for Data Oriented Networks , Handoff and Roaming Support, Security and Privacy. UNIT II WIRELESS WANS 9 First Generation Analog, Second Generation TDMA – GSM, Short Messaging Service in GSM, Second Generation CDMA – IS-95, GPRS - Third Generation Systems (WCDMA/CDMA 2000) UNIT III WIRELESS LANS 9 Introduction to wireless LANs - IEEE 802.11 WLAN – Architecture and Services, Physical Layer- MAC sublayer- MAC Management Sublayer, Other IEEE 802.11 standards, HIPERLAN, WiMax standard. 58 UNIT IV ADHOC AND SENSOR NETWORKS 9 Characteristics of MANETs, Table-driven and Source-initiated On Demand routing protocols, Hybrid protocols, Wireless Sensor networks- Classification, MAC and Routing protocols. UNIT V WIRELESS MANS AND PANS 9 Wireless MANs – Physical and MAC layer details, Wireless PANs – Architecture of Bluetooth Systems, Physical and MAC layer details, Standards. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. William Stallings, "Wireless Communications and networks" Pearson / Prentice Hall of India, 2nd Ed., 2007. 2. Dharma Prakash Agrawal & Qing-An Zeng, “Introduction to Wireless and Mobile Systems”, Thomson India Edition, 2nd Ed., 2007. REFERENCES: 1. Vijay. K. Garg, “Wireless Communication and Networking”, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2007. 2. Kaveth Pahlavan, Prashant Krishnamurthy, "Principles of Wireless Networks",Pearson Education Asia, 2002. 3. Gary. S. Rogers & John Edwards, “An Introduction to Wireless Technology”, Pearson Education, 2007. 4. Clint Smith, P.E. & Daniel Collins, “3G Wireless Networks”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2nd Ed,. 2007. EC2044 TELECOMMUNICATION SWITCHING AND NETWORKS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I MULTIPLEXING 9 Transmission Systems, FDM Multiplexing and modulation, Time Division Multiplexing, Digital Transmission and Multiplexing: Pulse Transmission, Line Coding, Binary N-Zero Substitution, Digital Biphase, Differential Encoding, Time Division Multiplexing, Time Division Multiplex Loops and Rings, SONET/SDH: SONET Multiplexing Overview, SONET Frame Formats, SONET Operations, Administration and Maintenance, Payload Framing and Frequency Justification, Virtual Tributaries, DS3 Payload Mapping, E4 Payload Mapping, SONET Optical Standards, SONET Networks. SONET Rings: Unidirectional Path-Switched Ring, Bidirectional Line-Switched Ring. UNIT II DIGITAL SWITCHING 9 Switching Functions, Space Division Switching, Time Division Switching, twodimensional Switching: STS Switching, TST Switching, No.4 ESS Toll Switch, Digital Cross-Connect Systems, Digital Switching in an Analog Environment. Elements of SS7 signaling. UNIT III NETWORK SYNCHRONIZATION CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT 9 Timing: Timing Recovery: Phase-Locked Loop, Clock Instability, Jitter Measurements, Systematic Jitter. Timing Inaccuracies: Slips, Asynchronous Multiplexing, Network 59 Synchronization, U.S. Network Synchronization, Network Control, Network Management. UNIT IV DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER ACCESS 9 ISDN: ISDN Basic Rate Access Architecture, ISDN U Interface, ISDN D Channel Protocol. High-Data-Rate Digital Subscriber Loops: Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line, VDSL. Digital Loop Carrier Systems: Universal Digital Loop Carrier Systems, Integrated Digital Loop Carrier Systems, Next-Generation Digital Loop Carrier, Fiber in the Loop, Hybrid Fiber Coax Systems, Voice band Modems: PCM Modems, Local Microwave Distribution Service, Digital Satellite Services. UNIT V TRAFFIC ANALYSIS 9 Traffic Characterization: Arrival Distributions, Holding Time Distributions, Loss Systems, Network Blocking Probabilities: End-to-End Blocking Probabilities, Overflow Traffic, Delay Systems: Exponential service Times, Constant Service Times, Finite Queues. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXTBOOKS: 1. J. Bellamy, “Digital Telephony”, John Wiley, 2003, 3rd Edition. 2. JE Flood, “Telecommunications Switching, Traffic and Networks”, Pearson. REFERENCES: 1. R.A.Thomson, “Telephone switching Systems”, Artech House Publishers, 2000. 2. W. Stalling, “ Data and Computer Communications”, Prentice Hall, 1993. 3. T.N.Saadawi, M.H.Ammar, A.E.Hakeem, “Fundamentals of Telecommunication Networks”, Wiley Interscience, 1994. 4. W.D. Reeve, “Subscriber Loop Signaling and Transmission Hand book”, IEEE Press(Telecomm Handbook Series), 1995. 5. Viswanathan. T., “Telecommunication Switching System and Networks”, Prentice Hall of India Ltd., 1994. EC2045 SATELLITE COMMUNICATION L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I SATELLITE ORBITS 9 Kepler’s Laws, Newton’s law, orbital parameters, orbital perturbations, station keeping, geo stationary and non Geo-stationary orbits – Look Angle Determination- Limits of visibility –eclipse-Sub satellite point –Sun transit outage-Launching Procedures - launch vehicles and propulsion. UNIT II SPACE SEGMENT AND SATELLITE LINK DESIGN 11 Spacecraft Technology- Structure, Primary power, Attitude and Orbit control, Thermal control and Propulsion, communication Payload and supporting subsystems, Telemetry, Tracking and command. Satellite uplink and downlink Analysis and Design, link budget, E/N calculation- performance impairments-system noise, inter modulation and interference, Propagation Characteristics and Frequency considerations- System reliability and design lifetime. 60 UNIT III SATELLITE ACCESS 10 Modulation and Multiplexing: Voice, Data, Video, Analog – digital transmission system, Digital video Brocast, multiple access: FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, Assignment Methods, Spread Spectrum communication, compression – encryption UNIT IV EARTH SEGMENT 8 Earth Station Technology-- Terrestrial Interface, Transmitter and Receiver, Antenna Systems TVRO, MATV, CATV, Test Equipment Measurements on G/T, C/No, EIRP, Antenna Gain. UNIT V SATELLITE APPLICATIONS 10 INTELSAT Series, INSAT, VSAT, Mobile satellite services: GSM, GPS, INMARSAT, LEO, MEO, Satellite Navigational System. Direct Broadcast satellites (DBS)- Direct to home Broadcast (DTH), Digital audio broadcast (DAB)- Worldspace services, Business TV(BTV), GRAMSAT, Specialized services – E –mail, Video conferencing, Internet TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Dennis Roddy, ‘Satellite Communication’, McGraw Hill International, 4th Edition, 2006. 2. Wilbur L. Pritchard, Hendri G. Suyderhoud, Robert A. Nelson, ‘Satellite Communication Systems Engineering’, Prentice Hall/Pearson, 2007. REFERENCES: 1. N.Agarwal, ‘Design of Geosynchronous Space Craft, Prentice Hall, 1986. 2. Bruce R. Elbert, ‘The Satellite Communication Applications’ Hand Book, Artech House Bostan London, 1997. 3. Tri T. Ha, ‘Digital Satellite Communication’, II edition, 1990. 4. Emanuel Fthenakis, ‘Manual of Satellite Communications’, McGraw Hill Book Co., 1984. 5. Robert G. Winch, ‘Telecommunication Trans Mission Systems’, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1983. 6. Brian Ackroyd, ‘World Satellite Communication and earth station Design’, BSP professional Books, 1990. 7. G.B.Bleazard, ‘ Introducing Satellite communications NCC Publication, 1985. 8. M.Richharia, ‘Satellite Communication Systems-Design Principles”, Macmillan 2003 EC2046 ADVANCED ELECTRONIC SYSTEM DESIGN L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO RF DESIGN 9 RF behaviour of passive components, Chip components and circuit board considerations, Review of transmission lines, Impedance and admittance transformation, Parallel and series connection of networks, ABCD and scattering parameters, Analysis of amplifier using scattering parameter. RF filter – Basic resonator and filter configurations – Butterworth and Chebyshev filters. Implementation of microstrip filter design. Band pass filter and cascading of band pass filter elements. 61 UNIT II RF TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER DESIGN 9 Impedance matching using discrete components. Microstrip line matching networks. Amplifier classes of operation and biasing networks – Amplifier power gain, Unilateral design(S12 =0) – Simple input and output matching networks – Bilateral design - Stability circle and conditional stability, Simultaneous conjugate matching for unconditionally stable transistors. Broadband amplifiers, High power amplifiers and multistage amplifiers. UNIT III DESIGN OF POWER SUPPLIES 9 DC power supply design using transistors and SCRs, Design of crowbar and foldback protection circuits, Switched mode power supplies, Forward, flyback, buck and boost converters, Design of transformers and control circuits for SMPS. UNIT IV DESIGN OF DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS 9 Amplification of Low level signals, Grounding, Shielding and Guarding techniques, Dual slope, quad slope and high speed A/D converters, Microprocessors Compatible A/D converters, Multiplying A/D converters and Logarithmic A/D converters, Sample and Hold, Design of two and four wire transmitters. UNIT V DESIGN OF PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS 9 Introduction to technology of printed circuit boards (PCB), General lay out and rules and parameters, PCB design rules for Digital, High Frequency, Analog, Power Electronics and Microwave circuits, Computer Aided design of PCBs. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Reinhold Luduig and Pavel Bretchko, RF Circuit Design – Theory and Applications, Pearson Education, 2000. 2. Sydney Soclof, Applications of Analog Integrated Circuits, Prentice Hall of India, 1990. 3. Walter C.Bosshart, Printed Circuit Boards – Design and Technology, TMH, 1983. REFERENCES 1. Keith H.Billings, Handbook of Switched Mode Supplies, McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., 1989. 2. Michael Jaacob, Applications and Design with Analog Integrated Circuits, Prentice Hall of India, 1991. 3. Otmar Kigenstein, Switched Mode Power Supplies in Practice, John Wiley and Sons, 1989. 4. Muhammad H.Rashid, Power Electronics – Circuits, Devices and Applications, Prentice Hall of India, 2004. 62 EC2047 OPTO ELECTRONIC DEVICES L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I ELEMENTS OF LIGHT AND SOLID STATE PHYSICS 9 Wave nature of light, Polarization, Interference, Diffraction, Light Source, review of Quantum Mechanical concept, Review of Solid State Physics, Review of Semiconductor Physics and Semiconductor Junction Device. UNIT II DISPLAY DEVICES AND LASERS 9 Introduction, Photo Luminescence, Cathode Luminescence, Electro Luminescence, Injection Luminescence, Injection Luminescence, LED, Plasma Display, Liquid Crystal Displays, Numeric Displays, Laser Emission, Absorption, Radiation, Population Inversion, Optical Feedback, Threshold condition, Laser Modes, Classes of Lasers, Mode Locking, laser applications. UNIT III OPTICAL DETECTION DEVICES 9 Photo detector, Thermal detector, Photo Devices, Photo Conductors, Photo diodes, Detector Performance. UNIT IV OPTOELECTRONIC MODULATOR 9 Introduction, Analog and Digital Modulation, Electro-optic modulators, Magneto Optic Devices, Acoustoptic devices, Optical, Switching and Logic Devices. UNIT V OPTOELECTRONIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 9 Introduction, hybrid and Monolithic Integration, Application of Opto Electronic Integrated Circuits, Integrated transmitters and Receivers, Guided wave devices. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXTBOOKS 1. Pallab Bhattacharya “Semiconductor Opto Electronic Devices”, Prentice Hall of India Pvt., Ltd., New Delhi, 2006. 2. Jasprit Singh, “Opto Electronics – As Introduction to materials and devices”, McGraw-Hill International Edition, 1998 REFERENCES 1. S C Gupta, Opto Electronic Devices and Systems, Prentice Hal of India,2005. 2. J. Wilson and J.Haukes, “Opto Electronics – An Introduction”, Prentice Hall, 1995. EC2048 TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM MODELING AND SIMULATION L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I SIMULATION METHODOLOGY 9 Introduction, Aspects of methodology, Performance Estimation, Sampling frequency, Low pass equivalent models for bandpass signals, multicarrier signals, Non-linear and time varying systems, Post processing, Basic Graphical techniques and estimations UNIT II SIMULATION OF RANDOM VARIABLES RANDOM PROCESS 9 Generation of random numbers and sequence, Guassian and uniform random numbers Correlated random sequences, Testing of random numbers generators, Stationary and uncorrelated noise, Goodness of fit test. 63 UNIT III MODELING OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 9 Radio frequency and optical sources, Analog and Digital signals, Communication channel and models, Free space channels, Multipath channel and discrete channel noise and interference. UNIT IV ESTIMATION OF PERFORMANCE MEASURE FOR SIMULATION 9 Quality of estimator, Estimation of SNR, Probability density function and bit error rate, Monte Carlo method, Importance sampling method, Extreme value theory. UNIT V SIMULATION AND MODELING METHODOLOGY 9 Simulation environment, Modeling considerations, Performance evaluation techniques, error source simulation, Validation. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXTBOOK 1. MC.Jeruchim, P.Balaban and Sam K Shanmugam, Simulation of communication Systems: Modeling, Methodology and Techniques, Plenum Press, New York, 2001. REFERENCES 1. Averill.M.Law and W.David Kelton,Simulation Modeling and Analysis, McGraw-Hill Inc., 2000. 2. Geoffrey Gorden, System Simulation, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall of India, 1992. 3. W.Turin, Performance Analysis of Digital Communication Systems, Computer Science Press, New York, 1990. 4. Jerry banks and John S.Carson, Discrete Event System Simulation, Prentice Hall of India, 1984. 5. William H. Tranter, K. Sam shanmugam, Theodore s. Rappaport, K.Kurt L.Kosbar, Principles of Communication Systems Simulation, Pearson Education (Singapore) Pvt Ltd, 2004. EC2049 RADAR AND NAVIGATIONAL AIDS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I 9 Introduction to Radar Basic Radar –The simple form of the Radar Equation- Radar Block Diagram- Radar Frequencies –Applications of Radar – The Origins of Radar The Radar Equation Introduction- Detection of Signals in Noise- Receiver Noise and the Signal-to-Noise Ratio-Probability Density Functions- Probabilities of Detection and False Alarm- Integration of Radar Pulses- Radar Cross Section of Targets- Radar cross Section Fluctuations- Transmitter Power-Pulse Repetition Frequency- Antenna Parameters- System losses – Other Radar Equation Considerations UNIT II 9 MTI and Pulse Doppler Radar Introduction to Doppler and MTI Radar- Delay –Line Cancelers- Staggered Pulse Repetition Frequencies –Doppler Filter Banks - Digital MTI Processing - Moving Target Detector - Limitations to MTI Performance - MTI from a Moving Platform (AMIT) - Pulse Doppler Radar – Other Doppler Radar Topics- Tracking with Radar –Monopulse Tracking –Conical Scan and Sequential Lobing - Limitations to Tracking Accuracy - Low-Angle Tracking - Tracking in Range - Other Tracking Radar Topics -Comparison of Trackers - Automatic Tracking with Surveillance Radars (ADT). 64 UNIT III 9 Detection of Signals in Noise –Introduction – Matched –Filter Receiver –Detection Criteria – Detectors –-Automatic Detector - Integrators - Constant-False-Alarm Rate Receivers - The Radar operator - Signal Management - Propagation Radar Waves - Atmospheric Refraction -Standard propagation - Nonstandard Propagation - The Radar Antenna - Reflector Antennas - Electronically Steered Phased Array Antennas - Phase Shifters - Frequency-Scan Arrays Radar Transmitters- Introduction –Linear Beam Power Tubes - Solid State RF Power Sources - Magnetron - Crossed Field Amplifiers - Other RF Power Sources - Other aspects of Radar Transmitter. Radar Receivers - The Radar Receiver - Receiver noise Figure - Superheterodyne Receiver - Duplexers and Receiver Protectors- Radar Displays. UNIT IV 9 Introduction - Introduction - Four methods of Navigation . Radio Direction Finding - The Loop Antenna - Loop Input Circuits - An Aural Null Direction Finder - The Goniometer - Errors in Direction Finding - Adcock Direction Finders - Direction Finding at Very High Frequencies - Automatic Direction Finders - The Commutated Aerial Direction Finder - Range and Accuracy of Direction Finders Radio Ranges - The LF/MF Four course Radio Range - VHF Omni Directional Range(VOR) - VOR Receiving Equipment - Range and Accuracy of VOR - Recent Developments. Hyperbolic Systems of Navigation (Loran and Decca) - Loran-A - Loran-A Equipment - Range and precision of Standard Loran - Loran-C - The Decca Navigation System - Decca Receivers - Range and Accuracy of Decca - The Omega System UNIT V 9 DME and TACAN - Distance Measuring Equipment - Operation of DME - TACAN - TACAN Equipment Aids to Approach and Landing - Instrument Landing System - Ground Controlled Approach System - Microwave Landing System(MLS) Doppler Navigation - The Doppler Effect - Beam Configurations -Doppler Frequency Equations - Track Stabilization - Doppler Spectrum - Components of the Doppler Navigation System - Doppler range Equation - Accuracy of Doppler Navigation Systems. Inertial Navigation - Principles of Operation - Navigation Over the Earth - Components of an Inertial Navigation System - Earth Coordinate Mechanization - Strapped-Down Systems - Accuracy of Inertial Navigation Systems. Satellite Navigation System - The Transit System - Navstar Global Positioning System (GPS) TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXTBOOKS 1. Merrill I. Skolnik ," Introduction to Radar Systems", Tata McGraw-Hill (3rd Edition) 2003. 2. N.S.Nagaraja, Elements of Electronic Navigation Systems, 2nd Edition, TMH, 2000. REFERENCES 1. Peyton Z. Peebles:, "Radar Principles", Johnwiley, 2004 2. J.C Toomay, " Principles of Radar", 2nd Edition –PHI, 2004 65 EC2050 MOBILE ADHOC NETWORKS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Introduction to adhoc networks – definition, characteristics features, applications. Charectristics of Wireless channel, Adhoc Mobility Models:- Indoor and out door models. UNIT II MEDIUM ACCESS PROTOCOLS 9 MAC Protocols: design issues, goals and classification. Contention based protocols- with reservation, scheduling algorithms, protocols using directional antennas. IEEE standards: 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.15. HIPERLAN. UNIT III NETWORK PROTOCOLS 9 Routing Protocols: Design issues, goals and classification. Proactive Vs reactive routing, Unicast routing algorithms, Multicast routing algorithms, hybrid routing algorithm, Energy aware routing algorithm, Hierarchical Routing, QoS aware routing. UNIT IV END-END DELIVERY AND SECURITY 9 Transport layer : Issues in desiging- Transport layer classification, adhoc transport protocols. Security issues in adhoc networks: issues and challenges, network security attacks, secure routing protocols. UNIT V CROSS LAYER DESIGN AND INTEGRATION OF ADHOC FOR 4G 9 Cross layer Design: Need for cross layer design, cross layer optimization, parameter optimization techniques, Cross layer cautionary prespective. Intergration of adhoc with Mobile IP networks. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXTBOOKS 1. C.Siva Ram Murthy and B.S.Manoj, Ad hoc Wireless Networks Architectures and protocols, 2nd edition, Pearson Education. 2007 2. Charles E. Perkins, Ad hoc Networking, Addison – Wesley, 2000 REFERENCES: 1. Stefano Basagni, Marco Conti, Silvia Giordano and Ivan stojmenovic, Mobilead hoc networking, Wiley-IEEE press, 2004. 2. Mohammad Ilyas, The handbook of adhoc wireless networks, CRC press, 2002. 3. T. Camp, J. Boleng, and V. Davies “A Survey of Mobility Models for Ad Hoc Network Research,” Wireless Commun. and Mobile Comp., Special Issue on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking Research, Trends and Applications, vol. 2, no. 5, 2002, pp. 483–502. 4. A survey of integrating IP mobility protocols and Mobile Ad hoc networks, Fekri M. Abduljalil and Shrikant K. Bodhe, IEEE communication Survey and tutorials, v 9.no.1 2007 5. V.T.Raisinhani and S.Iyer “Cross layer design optimization in wireless protocol stacks”Comp. communication, vol 27 no. 8, 2004. 6. V.T.Raisinhani and S.Iyer,”ÉCLAIR; An Efficient Cross-Layer Architecture for wireless protocol stacks”,World Wireless cong., San francisco,CA,May 2004. 7. V.Kawadia and P.P.Kumar,”A cautionary perspective on Cross-Layer design,”IEEE Wireless commn., vol 12, no 1,2005. 66 EC2051 WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I OVERVIEW OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS 8 Challenges for Wireless Sensor Networks, Enabling Technologies For Wireless Sensor Networks. UNIT II ARCHITECTURES 9 Single-Node Architecture - Hardware Components, Energy Consumption of Sensor Nodes , Operating Systems and Execution Environments, Network Architecture - Sensor Network Scenarios, Optimization Goals and Figures of Merit, Gateway Concepts. UNIT III NETWORKING SENSORS 10 Physical Layer and Transceiver Design Considerations, MAC Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks, Low Duty Cycle Protocols And Wakeup Concepts - S-MAC , The Mediation Device Protocol, Wakeup Radio Concepts, Address and Name Management, Assignment of MAC Addresses, Routing Protocols- Energy-Efficient Routing, Geographic Routing. UNIT IV INFRASTRUCTURE ESTABLISHMENT 9 Topology Control , Clustering, Time Synchronization, Localization and Positioning, Sensor Tasking and Control. UNIT V SENSOR NETWORK PLATFORMS AND TOOLS 9 Sensor Node Hardware – Berkeley Motes, Programming Challenges, Node-level software platforms, Node-level Simulators, State-centric programming. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Holger Karl & Andreas Willig, " Protocols And Architectures for Wireless Sensor Networks" , John Wiley, 2005. 2. Feng Zhao & Leonidas J. Guibas, “Wireless Sensor Networks- An Information Processing Approach", Elsevier, 2007. REFERENCES: 1. Kazem Sohraby, Daniel Minoli, & Taieb Znati, “Wireless Sensor Networks- Technology, Protocols, And Applications”, John Wiley, 2007. 2. Anna Hac, “Wireless Sensor Network Designs”, John Wiley, 2003. EC2052 REMOTE SENSING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I REMOTE SENSING 9 Definition – Components of Remote Sensing – Energy, Sensor, Interacting Body - Active and Passive Remote Sensing – Platforms – Aerial and Space Platforms – Balloons, Helicopters, Aircraft and Satellites – Synoptivity and Repetivity – Electro Magnetic Radiation (EMR) – EMR spectrum – Visible, Infra Red (IR), Near IR, Middle IR, Thermal IR and Microwave – Black Body Radiation - Planck’s law – Stefan-Boltzman law. 67 UNIT II EMR INTERACTION WITH ATMOSPHERE AND EARTH MATERIALS 9 Atmospheric characteristics – Scattering of EMR – Raleigh, Mie, Non-selective and Raman Scattering – EMR Interaction with Water vapour and ozone – Atmospheric Windows – Significance of Atmospheric windows – EMR interaction with Earth Surface Materials – Radiance, Irradiance, Incident, Reflected, Absorbed and Transmitted Energy – Reflectance – Specular and Diffuse Reflection Surfaces- Spectral Signature – Spectral Signature curves – EMR interaction with water, soil and Earth Surface:Imaging spectrometry and spectral characteristics. UNIT III OPTICAL AND MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING 9 Satellites - Classification – Based on Orbits and Purpose – Satellite Sensors - Resolution – Description of Multi Spectral Scanning – Along and Across Track Scanners – Description of Sensors in Landsat, SPOT, IRS series – Current Satellites - Radar – Speckle - Back Scattering – Side Looking Airborne Radar – Synthetic Aperture Radar – Radiometer – Geometrical characteristics ; Sonar remote sensing systems. UNIT IV GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM 9 GIS – Components of GIS – Hardware, Software and Organisational Context – Data – Spatial and Non-Spatial – Maps – Types of Maps – Projection – Types of Projection - Data Input – Digitizer, Scanner – Editing – Raster and Vector data structures – Comparison of Raster and Vector data structure – Analysis using Raster and Vector data – Retrieval, Reclassification, Overlaying, Buffering – Data Output – Printers and Plotters UNIT V MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS 9 Visual Interpretation of Satellite Images – Elements of Interpretation - Interpretation Keys Characteristics of Digital Satellite Image – Image enhancement – Filtering – Classification - Integration of GIS and Remote Sensing – Application of Remote Sensing and GIS – Urban Applications- Integration of GIS and Remote Sensing – Application of Remote Sensing and GIS – Water resources – Urban Analysis – Watershed Management – Resources Information Systems. Global positioning system – an introduction. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. M.G. Srinivas(Edited by), Remote Sensing Applications, Narosa Publishing House, 2001. (Units 1 & 2). 2. Anji Reddy, Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems, BS Publications 2001 (Units 3, 4 & 5). REFERENCES 1. Jensen, J.R., Remote sensing of the environment, Prentice Hall, 2000. 2. Kang-Tsung Chang,”Introduction to Geograhic Information Systems”, TMH, 2002 3. Lillesand T.M. and Kiefer R.W., “Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation”, John Wiley and Sons, Inc, New York, 1987. 4. Burrough P A, “Principle of GIS for land resource assessment”, Oxford 5. Mischael Hord, "Remote Sensing Methods and Applications", John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1986. 6. Singal, "Remote Sensing", Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 1990. 7. Floyd F. Sabins, Remote sensing, “Principles and interpretation”, W H Freeman and Company 1996. 68 EC2053 ENGINEERING ACOUSTICS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I ACOUSTICS WAVES 9 Acoustics waves - Linear wave equation – sound in fluids – Harmonic plane waves – Energy density – Acoustics intensity – Specific acoustic impedance – spherical waves – Describer scales. Reflection and Transmission: Transmission from one fluid to another normal and oblique incidence – method of images. UNIT II RADIATION AND RECEPTION OF ACOUSTIC WAVES 9 Radiation from a pulsating sphere – Acoustic reciprocity – continuous line source - radiation impedance - Fundamental properties of transducers. Absorption and attenuation of sound Absorption from viscosity – complex sound speed and absorption – classical absorption coefficient UNIT III PIPES RESONATORS AND FILTERS 9 Resonance in pipes - standing wave pattern absorption of sound in pipes – long wavelength limit – Helmoltz resonator - acoustic impedance - reflection and transmission of waves in pipe - acoustic filters – low pass, high pass and band pass. Noise, Signal detection, Hearing and speech Noise, spectrum level and band level – combing band levels and tones – detecting signals in noise – detection threshold – the ear – fundamental properties of hearing – loudness level and loudness – pitch and frequency – voice. UNIT IV ARCHITECTURAL ACOUSTICS: 9 Sound in endosure – A simple model for the growth of sound in a room – reverberation time - Sabine, sound absorption materials – measurement of the acoustic output of sound sources in live rooms – acoustics factor in architectural design. Environmental Acoustics: Weighted sound levels speech interference – highway noise – noise induced hearing loss – noise and architectural design specification and measurement of some isolation design of portions. UNIT V TRANSDUCTION 9 Transducer as an electives network – canonical equation for the two simple transducers transmitters – moving coil loud speaker – loudspeaker cabinets – horn loud speaker, receivers – condenser – microphone – moving coil electrodynamics microphone piezoelectric microphone – calibration of receivers. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. Lawrence E.Kinsler, Austin, R.Frey, Alan B.Coppens, James V.Sanders, Fundamentals of Acoustics, 4th edition, Wiley, 2000. REFERENCE: 1. L.Beranek , “Acoustics” - Tata McGraw-Hill 69 EC2054 OPTICAL NETWORKS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I OPTICAL SYSTEM COMPONENTS 9 Light propagation in optical fibers – Loss & bandwidth, System limitations, Non-Linear effects; Solitons; Optical Network Components – Couplers, Isolators & Circulators, Multiplexers & Filters, Optical Amplifiers, Switches, Wavelength Converters. UNIT II OPTICAL NETWORK ARCHITECTURES 9 Introduction to Optical Networks; SONET / SDH, Metropoliton-Area Networks, Layered Architecture ; Broadcast and Select Networks – Topologies for Broadcast Networks, Media-Access Control Protocols, Testbeds for Broadcast & Select WDM; Wavelength Routing Architecture. UNIT III WAVELENGTH ROUTING NETWORKS 9 The optical layer, Node Designs, Optical layer cost tradeoff, Routing and wavelength assignment,Virtual topology design, Wavelength Routing Testbeds, Architectural variations. UNIT IV PACKET SWITCHING AND ACCESS NETWORKS 9 Photonic Packet Switching – OTDM, Multiplexing and Demultiplexing, Synchronisation, Broadcast OTDM networks, Switch-based networks; Access Networks – Network Architecture overview, Future Access Networks, Optical Access Network Architectures; and OTDM networks. UNIT V NETWORK DESIGN AND MANAGEMENT 9 Transmission System Engineering – System model, Power penalty - transmitter, receiver, Optical amplifiers, crosstalk, dispersion; Wavelength stabilization ; Overall design considerations; Control and Management – Network management functions, Configuration management, Performance management, Fault management, Optical safety, Service interface. TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. Rajiv Ramaswami and Kumar N. Sivarajan, “Optical Networks : A Practical Perspective”, Harcourt Asia Pte Ltd., Second Edition 2004. REFERENCES: 1. C. Siva Ram Moorthy and Mohan Gurusamy, “WDM Optical Networks : Concept, Design and Algorithms”, Prentice Hall of India, Ist Edition, 2002. 2. P.E. Green, Jr., “Fiber Optic Networks”, Prentice Hall, NJ, 1993.

15 ANNA UNIVERSITY CHENNAI : : CHENNAI – 600 025 AFFILIATED INSTITUTIONS B.E. (8 SEMESTER) ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING CUR...
Basic Instinct by Ciara All American Nightmare by Hinder Happy Christmas by Jessica Simpson Untitled posthumous album by Michael Jackson The Believer by Common First Flight by Wiz Khalifa No Boys Allowed by Keri Hilson The Beginning by Black Eyed Peas Endlessly by Duffy Body Talk by Robyn There Is a Hell, Believe Me I've Seen It. There Is a Heaven, Let's Keep It a Secret by Bring Me The Horizon[citation needed] The Disc-Overy by Tinie Tempah[335] Wonder Age by Air Dubai[336] Love Me Back by Jazmine Sullivan[337] Doo-Wops & Hooligans by Bruno Mars[338] Fight or Flight by Emily Osment[citation needed]Illuminaudio by Chiodos[citation needed] The Other Side of Down by David Archuleta The Other Side of Down by David Archuleta Life Turns Electric by Finger Eleven Easy Wonderful by Guster Something About Faith by Faith Evans Black Swans and Wormhole Wizards by Joe Satriani As I Call You Down by Fistful of Mercy Tiger Suit by KT Tunstall All's Well That Ends Well by Steve Lukather AB III by Alter Bridge Belle & Sebastian Write About Love by Belle & Sebastian In and Out of Consciousness: The Greatest Hits 1990–2010 by Robbie Williams No Apologies by Trapt Now That's What I Call Club Hits Now That's What I Call Christmas! Hannah Montana Forever by Hannah Montana Bad Books by Bad Books The Union by Elton John and Leon Russell Sale El Sol by Shakira Come Around Sundown by Kings of Leon Words, Words, Words by Bo Burnham Suddenly Yours by Allstar Weekend The Falcon Lake Incident by Jim Bryson and The Weakerthans Wide Awake by Joe McElderry Speak Now by Taylor Swift Crazy Love Hollywood 7 Sinners by Helloween Edition by Michael Bublé Victims of the Modern Age by Star One Messy Little Raindrops by Cheryl Cole Bud, Sweat and Beers by Devlin Darkly, Darkly, Venus Aversa by Cradle of Filth Escape the Fate by Escape the Fate Merry Christmas II You by Mariah Carey Cardiology by Good Charlotte Punk Goes Pop 3 by Various Armando by Pitbull Freeze Small Craft on a Milk Sea by Brian Eno with Leo Abrahams and Jon HopkinsTime by Jay Sean My Kinda Party by Jason Aldean Insatiable by Nadine Coyle Some Kind of Trouble by James Blunt Solaris Acoustic by Elliot Minor All the Women I Am by Reba McEntire Now That's What I Call Music! Now That's What I Call the 1990s Strip Me by Natasha Bedingfield Will Never Die by Brokencyde Ø (Disambiguation) by Underoath The Best of Nelly Furtado by Nelly Furtado Above The Noise by McFly Gravity by Westlife What Separates Me from You by A Day to Remember Not Music by Stereolab Born Free by Kid Rock Loud by Rihanna Danger Days: The True Lives of the Fabulous Killjoys by My Chemical Romance The Entertainer by Alesha Dixon Progress by Take That My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy by Kanye West Outta This World by JLS Pink Friday by Nicki Minaj

Basic Instinct by Ciara All American Nightmare by Hinder Happy Christmas by Jessica Simpson Untitled posthumous album by Michael Jackson The...
1 ANNA UNIVERSITY CHENNAI : : CHENNAI – 600 025 AFFILIATED INSTITUTIONS B.TECH. (8 SEMESTER) INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CURRICULUM – R 2008 SEMESTER VI (Applicable to the students admitted from the Academic year 2008–2009 onwards) CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C THEORY IT2351 Network Programming and Management 3 0 0 3 CS2353 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 3 0 0 3 IT2352 Cryptography and Network Security 3 1 0 4 IT2353 Web Technology 3 0 0 3 IT2354 Embedded Systems 3 0 0 3 Elective I 3 0 0 3 PRACTICAL IT2357 Web Technology Lab 0 0 3 2 CS2357 Object Oriented Analysis and Design Lab 0 0 3 2 CS2307 Network Lab 0 0 3 2 TOTAL 18 1 9 25 SEMESTER VII (Applicable to the students admitted from the Academic year 2008–2009 onwards) CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C THEORY IT2401 Service Oriented Architecture 3 0 0 3 IT2402 Mobile Communication 3 0 0 3 CS2401 Computer Graphics 3 0 0 3 IT2403 Software Project Management 3 0 0 3 Elective II 3 0 0 3 Elective III 3 0 0 3 PRACTICAL IT2406 Service Oriented Architecture Lab 0 0 3 2 CS2405 Computer Graphics Lab 0 0 3 2 TOTAL 18 0 6 22 2 SEMESTER VIII (Applicable to the students admitted from the Academic year 2008–2009 onwards) CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C THEORY Elective IV 3 0 0 3 Elective V 3 0 0 3 PRACTICAL IT2451 Project Work 0 0 12 6 TOTAL 6 0 12 12 LIST OF ELECTIVES SEMESTER VI – Elective I CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C MA2264 Numerical Methods 3 1 0 4 MA2265 Discrete Mathematics 3 1 0 4 IT2021 Business Process Model 3 0 0 3 IT2022 Software Requirement Engineering 3 0 0 3 IT2023 Digital Image Processing 3 0 0 3 IT2024 User Interface Design 3 0 0 3 CS2022 Visual Programming 3 0 0 3 CS2032 Data Warehousing and Data Mining 3 0 0 3 SEMESTER VII – Elective II CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C CS2303 Theory of Computation 3 1 0 4 CS2029 Advanced Database Technology 3 0 0 3 IT2031 Electronic Commerce 3 0 0 3 IT2032 Software Testing 3 0 0 3 IT2033 Bio Informatics 3 0 0 3 IT2034 Adhoc Sensor Network 3 0 0 3 3 SEMESTER VII – Elective III CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C CS2351 Artificial Intelligence 3 0 0 3 IT2041 Enterprise Resource Planning 3 0 0 3 IT2042 Information Security 3 0 0 3 IT2043 Knowledge Management 3 0 0 3 CS2063 Grid computing 3 0 0 3 CS2041 C# and .NET Framework 3 0 0 3 SEMESTER VIII – Elective IV CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C IT2050 Principles of Compiler Design 3 0 0 3 IT2051 Knowledge Engineering 3 0 0 3 GE2021 Professional Ethics in Engineering 3 0 0 3 GE2071 Intellectual Property Rights 3 0 0 3 IT2052 Management Information System 3 0 0 3 IT2053 Software Design 3 0 0 3 CS2053 Soft Computing 3 0 0 3 SEMESTER VIII – Elective V CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C GE2022 Total Quality Management 3 0 0 3 GE2072 Indian Constitution and Society 3 0 0 3 IT2061 System Modeling and Simulation 3 0 0 3 CS2035 Natural Language Processing 3 0 0 3 CS2056 Distributed Systems 3 0 0 3 GE2023 Fundamentals of Nanoscience 3 0 0 3 IT2064 Speech Signal Processing 3 0 0 3 4 IT2351 NETWORK PROGRAMMING AND MANAGEMENT LT P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I ELEMENTARY TCP SOCKETS 9 Introduction to Socket Programming – Overview of TCP/IP Protocols –Introduction to Sockets – Socket address Structures – Byte ordering functions – address conversion functions – Elementary TCP Sockets – socket, connect, bind, listen, accept, read, write, close functions – Iterative Server – Concurrent Server. UNIT II APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT 9 TCP Echo Server – TCP Echo Client – Posix Signal handling – Server with multiple clients – boundary conditions: Server process Crashes, Server host Crashes, Server Crashes and reboots, Server Shutdown – I/O multiplexing – I/O Models – select function – shutdown function – TCP echo Server (with multiplexing) – poll function – TCP echo Client (with Multiplexing). UNIT III SOCKET OPTIONS, ELEMENTARY UDP SOCKETS 9 Socket options – getsocket and setsocket functions – generic socket options – IP socket options – ICMP socket options – TCP socket options – Elementary UDP sockets – UDP echo Server – UDP echo Client – Multiplexing TCP and UDP sockets – Domain name system – gethostbyname function – Ipv6 support in DNS – gethostbyadr function – getservbyname and getservbyport functions. UNIT IV ADVANCED SOCKETS 9 Ipv4 and Ipv6 interoperability – threaded servers – thread creation and termination – TCP echo server using threads – Mutexes – condition variables – raw sockets – raw socket creation – raw socket output – raw socket input – ping program – trace route program. UNIT V SIMPLE NETWORK MANAGEMENT 9 SNMP network management concepts – SNMP management information – standard MIB’s – SNMPv1 protocol and Practical issues – introduction to RMON, SNMPv2 and SNMPv3. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. W. Richard Stevens, “Unix Network Programming Vol-I”, Second Edition, Pearson Education, 1998. 2. Mani Subramaniam, “Network Management: Principles and Practice“, Addison Wesley”, First Edition, 2001. REFERENCES: 1. D.E. Comer, “Internetworking with TCP/IP Vol- III”, (BSD Sockets Version), Second Edition, Pearson Education, 2003. 2. William Stallings, “SNMP, SNMPv2, SNMPv3 and RMON 1 and 2”,Third Edition, Addison Wesley, 1999. 5 CS2353 OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVES:  To learn basic OO analysis and design skills through an elaborate case study.  To use the UML design diagrams  To apply the appropriate design patterns UNIT I 9 Introduction to OOAD – What is OOAD? – What is UML? What are the United process(UP) phases - Case study – the NextGen POS system, Inception -Use case Modeling - Relating Use cases – include, extend and generalization. UNIT II 9 Elaboration - Domain Models - Finding conceptual classes and description classes – Associations – Attributes – Domain model refinement – Finding conceptual class hierarchies- Aggregation and Composition- UML activity diagrams and modeling UNIT III 9 System sequence diagrams - Relationship between sequence diagrams and use cases Logical architecture and UML package diagram – Logical architecture refinement - UML class diagrams - UML interaction diagrams UNIT IV 9 GRASP: Designing objects with responsibilities – Creator – Information expert – Low Coupling –Controller – High Cohesion – Designing for visibility - Applying GoF design patterns – adapter, singleton, factory and observer patterns. UNIT V 9 UML state diagrams and modeling - Operation contracts- Mapping design to code -UML deployment and component diagrams TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. Craig Larman,"Applying UML and Patterns: An Introduction to object-oriented Analysis and Design and iterative development”, Third Edition, Pearson Education, 2005 REFERENCES: 1. Mike O’Docherty, “Object-Oriented Analysis & Design: Understanding System Development with UML 2.0”, John Wiley & Sons, 2005. 2. James W- Cooper, Addison-Wesley, “Java Design Patterns – A Tutorial”, 2000. 3. Micheal Blaha, James Rambaugh, “Object-Oriented Modeling and Design with UML”, Second Edition, Prentice Hall of India Private Limited, 2007 4. Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, John Vlissides,“Design patterns: Elements of Reusable object-oriented software”, Addison-Wesley, 1995. 6 IT2352 CRYPTOGRAPHY AND NETWORK SECURITY L T P C 3 1 0 4 UNIT I 9 Security trends – Attacks and services – Classical crypto systems – Different types of ciphers – LFSR sequences – Basic Number theory – Congruences – Chinese Remainder theorem – Modular exponentiation – Fermat and Euler's theorem – Legendre and Jacobi symbols – Finite fields – continued fractions. UNIT II 9 Simple DES – Differential cryptoanalysis – DES – Modes of operation – Triple DES – AES – RC4 – RSA – Attacks – Primality test – factoring. UNIT III 9 Discrete Logarithms – Computing discrete logs – Diffie-Hellman key exchange – ElGamal Public key cryptosystems – Hash functions – Secure Hash – Birthday attacks - MD5 – Digital signatures – RSA – ElGamal – DSA. UNIT IV 9 Authentication applications – Kerberos, X.509, PKI – Electronic Mail security – PGP, S/MIME – IP security – Web Security – SSL, TLS, SET. UNIT V 9 System security – Intruders – Malicious software – viruses – Firewalls – Security Standards. TOTAL = 60 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Wade Trappe, Lawrence C Washington, “ Introduction to Cryptography with coding theory”, 2nd ed, Pearson, 2007. 2. William Stallings, “Crpyptography and Network security Principles and Practices”, Pearson/PHI, 4th ed, 2006. REFERENCES: 1. W. Mao, “Modern Cryptography – Theory and Practice”, Pearson Education, Second Edition, 2007. 2. Charles P. Pfleeger, Shari Lawrence Pfleeger – Security in computing Third Edition – Prentice Hall of India, 2006 7 IT2353 WEB TECHNOLOGY LT P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I 9 Web Essentials: Clients, Servers, and Communication. The Internet-Basic Internet Protocols -The World Wide Web-HTTP request message-response message-Web Clients Web Servers-Case Study. Markup Languages: XHTML. An Introduction to HTML History-Versions-Basic XHTML Syntax and Semantics-Some Fundamental HTML Elements-Relative URLs-Lists-tables-Frames-Forms-XML Creating HTML Documents Case Study. UNIT II 9 Style Sheets: CSS-Introduction to Cascading Style Sheets-Features-Core Syntax-Style Sheets and HTML Style Rle Cascading and Inheritance-Text Properties-Box Model Normal Flow Box Layout-Beyond the Normal Flow-Other Properties-Case Study. Client- Side Programming: The JavaScript Language-History and Versions Introduction JavaScript in Perspective-Syntax-Variables and Data Types-Statements-Operators- Literals-Functions-Objects-Arrays-Built-in Objects-JavaScript Debuggers. UNIT III 9 Host Objects : Browsers and the DOM-Introduction to the Document Object Model DOM History and Levels-Intrinsic Event Handling-Modifying Element Style-The Document Tree-DOM Event Handling-Accommodating Noncompliant Browsers Properties of window-Case Study. Server-Side Programming: Java Servlets- Architecture -Overview-A Servelet-Generating Dynamic Content-Life Cycle-Parameter Data-Sessions-Cookies- URL Rewriting-Other Capabilities-Data Storage Servelets and Concurrency-Case Study- Related Technologies. UNIT IV 9 Representing Web Data: XML-Documents and Vocabularies-Versions and Declaration - Namespaces JavaScript and XML: Ajax-DOM based XML processing Event-oriented Parsing: SAX-Transforming XML Documents-Selecting XML Data:XPATH-Templatebased Transformations: XSLT-Displaying XML Documments in Browsers-Case Study- Related Technologies. Separating Programming and Presentation: JSP Technology Introduction-JSP and Servlets-Running JSP Applications Basic JSP-JavaBeans Classes and JSP-Tag Libraries and Files-Support for the Model-View-Controller Paradigm-Case Study-Related Technologies. UNIT V 9 Web Services: JAX-RPC-Concepts-Writing a Java Web Service-Writing a Java Web Service Client-Describing Web Services: WSDL- Representing Data Types: XML Schema-Communicating Object Data: SOAP Related Technologies-Software Installation-Storing Java Objects as Files-Databases and Java Servlets. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. Jeffrey C.Jackson, "Web Technologies--A Computer Science Perspective", Pearson Education, 2006. 8 REFERENCES: 1. Robert. W. Sebesta, "Programming the World Wide Web", Fourth Edition, Pearson Education, 2007. 2. Deitel, Deitel, Goldberg, "Internet & World Wide Web How To Program", Third Edition, Pearson Education, 2006. 3. Marty Hall and Larry Brown,”Core Web Programming” Second Edition, Volume I and II, Pearson Education, 2001. 4. Bates, “Developing Web Applications”, Wiley, 2006. IT2354 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I EMBEDDED COMPUTING 9 Challenges of Embedded Systems – Embedded system design process. Embedded processors – 8051 Microcontroller, ARM processor – Architecture, Instruction sets and programming. UNIT II MEMORY AND INPUT / OUTPUT MANAGEMENT 9 Programming Input and Output – Memory system mechanisms – Memory and I/O devices and interfacing – Interrupts handling. UNIT III PROCESSES AND OPERATING SYSTEMS 9 Multiple tasks and processes – Context switching – Scheduling policies – Interprocess communication mechanisms – Performance issues. UNIT IV EMBEDDED SOFTWARE 9 Programming embedded systems in assembly and C – Meeting real time constraints – Multi-state systems and function sequences. Embedded software development tools – Emulators and debuggers. UNIT V EMBEDDED SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 9 Design issues and techniques – Case studies – Complete design of example embedded systems. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Wayne Wolf, “Computers as Components: Principles of Embedded Computer System Design”, Elsevier, 2006. 2. Michael J. Pont, “Embedded C”, Pearson Education , 2007. REFERENCES: 1. Steve Heath, “Embedded System Design”, Elsevier, 2005. 2. Muhammed Ali Mazidi, Janice Gillispie Mazidi and Rolin D. McKinlay, “The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems”, Pearson Education, Second edition, 2007. 9 IT2357 WEB TECHNOLOGY LAB L T P C 0 0 3 2 LIST OF EXPERIMENTS 1.Create a web page with the following using HTML i) To embed an image map in a web page ii) To fix the hot spots iii) Show all the related information when the hot spots are clicked. 2. Create a web page with all types of Cascading style sheets. 3. Client Side Scripts for Validating Web Form Controls using DHTML 4. Write programs in Java to create applets incorporating the following features:  Create a color palette with matrix of buttons  Set background and foreground of the control text area by selecting a color from color palette.  In order to select Foreground or background use check box control as radio buttons  To set background images 5. Write programs in Java using Servlets:  To invoke servlets from HTML forms  To invoke servlets from Applets 6. Write programs in Java to create three-tier applications using JSP and Databases  for conducting on-line examination.  for displaying student mark list. Assume that student information is available in a database which has been stored in a database server. 7. Programs using XML – Schema – XSLT/XSL 8. Program using DOM / SAX 9. Programs using AJAX 10. Consider a case where we have two web Services- an airline service and a travel agent and the travel agent is searching for an airline. Implement this scenario using Web Services and Data base. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS Requirement for a batch of 30 students S. No. Description of Equipment Quantity Required 1. Hardware: Pentium IV with 2 GB RAM, 160 GB HARD Disk, Monitor 1024 x 768 colour 60 Hz. 30 Nodes 2. Software: Windows /Linux operating system JDK 1.6(or above) AJAX Oracle 9i(or above version) / Microsoft access 30 user license 10 CS2357 OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN LAB L T P C 0 0 3 2 OBJECTIVE: To develop a mini-project following the 12 exercises listed below. 1. To develop a problem statement. 2. Develop an IEEE standard SRS document. Also develop risk management and project plan (Gantt chart). 3. Identify Use Cases and develop the Use Case model. 4. Identify the business activities and develop an UML Activity diagram. 5. Identity the conceptual classes and develop a domain model with UML Class diagram. 6. Using the identified scenarios find the interaction between objects and represent them using UML Interaction diagrams. 7. Draw the State Chart diagram. 8. Identify the User Interface, Domain objects, and Technical services. Draw the partial layered, logical architecture diagram with UML package diagram notation. 9. Implement the Technical services layer. 10. Implement the Domain objects layer. 11. Implement the User Interface layer. 12. Draw Component and Deployment diagrams. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS Suggested domains for Mini-project. 1. Passport automation system. 2. Book bank 3. Exam Registration 4. Stock maintenance system. 5. Online course reservation system 6. E-ticketing 7. Software personnel management system 8. Credit card processing 9. e-book management system 10. Recruitment system 11. Foreign trading system 12. Conference Management System 13. BPO Management System Suggested Software Tools ArgoUML, Eclipse IDE, Visual Paradigm, Visual case, and Rational Suite Requirement for a batch of 30 students S. No. Description of Equipment Quantity Required 1. Software Tools ArgoUML, Eclipse IDE, Visual Paradigm, Visual case, and Rational Suite 30 user License 2. PC’s 30 11 CS2307 NETWORK LAB L T P C 0 0 3 2 1. Programs using TCP Sockets (like date and time server & client, echo server & client, etc..) 2. Programs using UDP Sockets (like simple DNS) 3. Programs using Raw sockets (like packet capturing and filtering) 4. Programs using RPC 5. Simulation of sliding window protocols Experiments using simulators (like OPNET) 6. Performance comparison of MAC protocols 7. Implementing Routing Protocols 8. Performance comparison of Routing protocols 9. Study of UDP performance 10. Study of TCP performance. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS Requirement for a batch of 30 students S.No. Description of Equipment Quantity required 1. SOFTWARE  C++ Compiler  J2SDK (freeware)  Linux  NS2/Glomosim/OPNET (Freeware) 30 2. Hardware  PCs 30 Nos. 12 IT2401 SERVICE ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVES:  To gain understanding of the basic principles of service orientation  To learn service oriented analysis techniques  To learn technology underlying the service design  To learn advanced concepts such as service composition, orchestration and Choreography  To know about various WS-* specification standards UNIT I 9 Roots of SOA – Characteristics of SOA - Comparing SOA to client-server and distributed internet architectures – Anatomy of SOA- How components in an SOA interrelate - Principles of service orientation UNIT II 9 Web services – Service descriptions – Messaging with SOAP –Message exchange Patterns – Coordination –Atomic Transactions – Business activities – Orchestration – Choreography - Service layer abstraction – Application Service Layer – Business Service Layer – Orchestration Service Layer UNIT III 9 Service oriented analysis – Business-centric SOA – Deriving business services- service modeling - Service Oriented Design – WSDL basics – SOAP basics – SOA composition guidelines – Entity-centric business service design – Application service design – Taskcentric business service design UNIT IV 9 SOA platform basics – SOA support in J2EE – Java API for XML-based web services (JAX-WS) - Java architecture for XML binding (JAXB) – Java API for XML Registries (JAXR) - Java API for XML based RPC (JAX-RPC)- Web Services Interoperability Technologies (WSIT) - SOA support in .NET – Common Language Runtime - ASP.NET web forms – ASP.NET web services – Web Services Enhancements (WSE) UNIT V 9 WS-BPEL basics – WS-Coordination overview - WS-Choreography, WS-Policy, WSSecurity TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Thomas Erl, “Service-Oriented Architecture: Concepts, Technology, and Design”, Pearson Education, 2005. REFERENCES: 1. Thomas Erl, “SOA Principles of Service Design “(The Prentice Hall Service-Oriented Computing Series from Thomas Erl), 2005. 2. Newcomer, Lomow, “Understanding SOA with Web Services”, Pearson Education, 2005. 3. Sandeep Chatterjee, James Webber, “Developing Enterprise Web Services, An Architect’s Guide”, Pearson Education, 2005. 4. Dan Woods and Thomas Mattern, “Enterprise SOA Designing IT for Business Innovation” O’REILLY, First Edition, 2006 13 IT2402 MOBILE COMMUNICATION L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I WIRELESS COMMUNICATION 7 Cellular systems- Frequency Management and Channel Assignment- types of handoff and their characteristics, dropped call rates & their evaluation -MAC – SDMA – FDMA – TDMA – CDMA – Cellular Wireless Networks UNIT II WIRELESS NETWORKS 9 Wireless LAN – IEEE 802.11 Standards – Architecture – Services – Mobile Ad hoc Networks- WiFi and WiMAX - Wireless Local Loop UNIT III MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 11 GSM-architecture-Location tracking and call setup- Mobility management- Handover- Security-GSM SMS –International roaming for GSM- call recording functions-subscriber and service data mgt –-Mobile Number portability -VoIP service for Mobile Networks – GPRS –Architecture-GPRS procedures-attach and detach procedures-PDP context procedure-combined RA/LA update procedures-Billing UNIT IV MOBILE NETWORK AND TRANSPORT LAYERS 9 Mobile IP – Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol-Mobile Ad Hoc Routing Protocols– Multicast routing-TCP over Wireless Networks – Indirect TCP – Snooping TCP – Mobile TCP – Fast Retransmit / Fast Recovery – Transmission/Timeout Freezing-Selective Retransmission – Transaction Oriented TCP- TCP over 2.5 / 3G wireless Networks UNIT V APPLICATION LAYER 9 WAP Model- Mobile Location based services -WAP Gateway –WAP protocols – WAP user agent profile- caching model-wireless bearers for WAP - WML – WMLScripts - WTA - iMode- SyncML. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Jochen Schiller, “Mobile Communications”, Second Edition, Pearson Education, 2003. 2. William Stallings, “Wireless Communications and Networks”, Pearson Education, 2002. REFERENCES: 1. Kaveh Pahlavan, Prasanth Krishnamoorthy, “Principles of Wireless Networks”, First Edition, Pearson Education, 2003. 2. Uwe Hansmann, Lothar Merk, Martin S. Nicklons and Thomas Stober, “Principles of Mobile Computing”, Springer, 2003. 3. C.K.Toh, “AdHoc Mobile Wireless Networks”, First Edition, Pearson Education, 2002. 14 CS2401 COMPUTER GRAPHICS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I 2D PRIMITIVES 9 Output primitives – Line, Circle and Ellipse drawing algorithms - Attributes of output primitives – Two dimensional Geometric transformation - Two dimensional viewing – Line, Polygon, Curve and Text clipping algorithms UNIT II 3D CONCEPTS 9 Parallel and Perspective projections - Three dimensional object representation – Polygons, Curved lines, Splines, Quadric Surfaces,- Visualization of data sets - 3D transformations – Viewing -Visible surface identification. UNIT III GRAPHICS PROGRAMMING 9 Color Models – RGB, YIQ, CMY, HSV – Animations – General Computer Animation, Raster, Keyframe - Graphics programming using OPENGL – Basic graphics primitives – Drawing three dimensional objects - Drawing three dimensional scenes UNIT IV RENDERING 9 Introduction to Shading models – Flat and Smooth shading – Adding texture to faces – Adding shadows of objects – Building a camera in a program – Creating shaded objects – Rendering texture – Drawing Shadows. UNIT V FRACTALS 9 Fractals and Self similarity – Peano curves – Creating image by iterated functions – Mandelbrot sets – Julia Sets – Random Fractals – Overview of Ray Tracing – Intersecting rays with other primitives – Adding Surface texture – Reflections and Transparency – Boolean operations on Objects TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Donald Hearn, Pauline Baker, Computer Graphics – C Version, second edition, Pearson Education,2004. 2. F.S. Hill, Computer Graphics using OPENGL, Second edition, Pearson Education,2003. REFERENCE: 1. James D. Foley, Andries Van Dam, Steven K. Feiner, John F. Hughes, Computer Graphics- Principles and practice, Second Edition in C, Pearson Education, 2007. IT2403 SOFTWARE PROJECT MANAGEMENT L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO SOFTWARE PROJECT MANAGEMENT 9 Project Definition – Contract Management – Activities Covered By Software Project Management – Overview Of Project Planning – Stepwise Project Planning. UNIT II PROJECT EVALUATION 9 Strategic Assessment – Technical Assessment – Cost Benefit Analysis –Cash Flow Forecasting – Cost Benefit Evaluation Techniques – Risk Evaluation. 15 UNIT III ACTIVITY PLANNING 9 Objectives – Project Schedule – Sequencing and Scheduling Activities –Network Planning Models – Forward Pass – Backward Pass – Activity Float – Shortening Project Duration – Activity on Arrow Networks – Risk Management – Nature Of Risk – Types Of Risk – Managing Risk – Hazard Identification – Hazard Analysis – Risk Planning And Control. UNIT IV MONITORING AND CONTROL 9 Creating Framework – Collecting The Data – Visualizing Progress – Cost Monitoring – Earned Value – Priortizing Monitoring – Getting Project Back To Target – Change Control – Managing Contracts – Introduction – Types Of Contract – Stages In Contract Placement – Typical Terms Of A Contract – Contract Management – Acceptance. UNIT V MANAGING PEOPLE AND ORGANIZING TEAMS 9 Introduction – Understanding Behavior – Organizational Behaviour: A Background – Selecting The Right Person For The Job – Instruction In The Best Methods – Motivation – The Oldman – Hackman Job Characteristics Model – Working In Groups – Becoming A Team –Decision Making – Leadership – Organizational Structures – Stress –Health And Safety – Case Studies. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. Bob Hughes, Mikecotterell, “Software Project Management”, Third Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 2004. REFERENCES: 1. Ramesh, Gopalaswamy, "Managing Global Projects", Tata McGraw Hill, 2001. 2. Royce, “Software Project Management”, Pearson Education, 1999. 3. Jalote, “Software Project Manangement in Practive”, Pearson Education, 2002. IT2406 SERVICE ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE LAB L T P C 0 0 3 2 1. Develop at least 5 components such as Order Processing, Payment Processing, etc., using .NET component technology. 2. Develop at least 5 components such as Order Processing, Payment Processing, etc., using EJB component technology. 3. Invoke .NET components as web services. 4. Invoke EJB components as web services. 5. Develop a Service Orchestration Engine (workflow) using WS-BPEL and implement service composition. For example, a business process for planning business travels will invoke several services. This process will invoke several airline companies (such as American Airlines, Delta Airlines etc. ) to check the airfare price and buy at the lowest price. 6. Develop a J2EE client to access a .NET web service. 7. Develop a .NET client to access a J2EE web service. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS 16 LIST OF EQUIPMENTS: Hardware: CPU:- (As Server) Processor (Core 2 Quad or equivalent) with good speed, 2GBRAM, 300GBHDD Software: 1).NET framework (MS Academic Alliance) (or) Express Edition 2) J2EE framework free download 3) OS – Windows or Linux CS2405 COMPUTER GRAPHICS LAB L T P C 0 0 3 2 1. Implementation of Bresenhams Algorithm – Line, Circle, Ellipse. 2. Implementation of Line, Circle and ellipse Attributes. 3. Two Dimensional transformations - Translation, Rotation, Scaling, Reflection, Shear. 4. Composite 2D Transformations. 5. Cohen Sutherland 2D line clipping and Windowing 6. Sutherland – Hodgeman Polygon clipping Algorithm. 7. Three dimensional transformations - Translation, Rotation, Scaling. 8. Composite 3D transformations. 9. Drawing three dimensional objects and Scenes. 10. Generating Fractal images. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS LIST OF EQUIPMENTS: 1) Turbo C 2) Visual C++ with OPENGL 3) Any 3D animation software like 3DSMAX, Maya, Blender MA2264 NUMERICAL METHODS L T P C 3 1 0 4 UNIT I SOLUTION OF EQUATIONS AND EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS 9 Solution of equation –Fixed point iteration: x=g(x) method - Newton’s method – Solution of linear system by Gaussian elimination and Gauss-Jordon method– Iterative method - Gauss-Seidel method - Inverse of a matrix by Gauss Jordon method – Eigen value of a matrix by power method and by Jacobi method for symmetric matrix. UNIT II INTERPOLATION AND APPROXIMATION 9 Lagrangian Polynomials – Divided differences – Interpolating with a cubic spline – Newton’s forward and backward difference formulas. UNIT III NUMERICAL DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION 9 Differentiation using interpolation formulae –Numerical integration by trapezoidal and Simpson’s 1/3 and 3/8 rules – Romberg’s method – Two and Three point Gaussian quadrature formulae – Double integrals using trapezoidal and Simpsons’s rules. 17 UNIT IV INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS FOR ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9 Single step methods: Taylor series method – Euler method for first order equation – Fourth order Runge – Kutta method for solving first and second order equations – Multistep methods: Milne’s and Adam’s predictor and corrector methods. UNIT V BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS IN ORDINARY AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9 Finite difference solution of second order ordinary differential equation – Finite difference solution of one dimensional heat equation by explicit and implicit methods – One dimensional wave equation and two dimensional Laplace and Poisson equations. L : 45 , T : 15 ,TOTAL = 60 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Veerarjan, T and Ramachandran, T. ‘Numerical methods with programming in ‘C’ Second Editiion, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing.Co.Ltd. (2007). 2. Sankara Rao K, ‘Numerical Methods for Scientisits and Engineers’ – 3rd editiion Printice Hall of India Private Ltd, New Delhi, (2007). REFERENCES: 1. Chapra, S. C and Canale, R. P. “Numerical Methods for Engineers”, 5th Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2007. 2. Gerald, C. F. and Wheatley, P.O., “Applied Numerical Analysis”, 6th Edition, Pearson Education Asia, New Delhi, 2006. 3. Grewal, B.S. and Grewal,J.S., “ Numerical methods in Engineering and Science”, 6th Edition, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 2004 MA2265 DISCRETE MATHEMATICS L T P C 3 1 0 4 UNIT I LOGIC AND PROOFS 9 + 3 Propositional Logic – Propositional equivalences-Predicates and quantifiers-Nested Quantifiers-Rules of inference-introduction to Proofs-Proof Methods and strategy UNIT II COMBINATORICS 9+3 Mathematical inductions-Strong induction and well ordering-.The basics of counting-The pigeonhole principle –Permutations and combinations-Recurrence relations-Solving Linear recurrence relations-generating functions-inclusion and exclusion and applications. UNIT III GRAPHS 9 + 3 Graphs and graph models-Graph terminology and special types of graphs-Representing graphs and graph isomorphism-connectivity-Euler and Hamilton paths UNIT IV ALGEBRAIC STRUCTURES 9 + 3 Algebraic systems-Semi groups and monoids-Groups-Subgroups and homomorphisms- Cosets and Lagrange’s theorem- Ring & Fields (Definitions and examples) 18 UNIT V LATTICES AND BOOLEAN ALGEBRA 9+3 Partial ordering-Posets-Lattices as Posets- Properties of lattices-Lattices as Algebraic systems –Sub lattices –direct product and Homomorphism-Some Special lattices- Boolean Algebra TOTAL: 60 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Kenneth H.Rosen, “Discrete Mathematics and its Applications”, Special Indian edition, Tata McGraw-Hill Pub. Co. Ltd., New Delhi, (2007). (For the units 1 to 3, Sections 1.1 to 1.7 , 4.1 & 4.2, 5.1 to 5.3, 6.1, 6.2, 6.4 to 6.6, 8.1 to 8.5) 2. Trembly J.P and Manohar R, “Discrete Mathematical Structures with Applications to Computer Science”, Tata McGraw–Hill Pub. Co. Ltd, New Delhi, 30th Re-print (2007).(For units 4 & 5 , Sections 2-3.8 & 2-3.9,3-1,3-2 & 3-5, 4-1 & 4-2) REFERENCES: 1. Ralph. P. Grimaldi, “Discrete and Combinatorial Mathematics: An Applied Introduction”, Fourth Edition, Pearson Education Asia, Delhi, (2002). 2. Thomas Koshy, ”Discrete Mathematics with Applications”, Elsevier Publications, (2006). 3. Seymour Lipschutz and Mark Lipson, ”Discrete Mathematics”, Schaum’s Outlines, Tata McGraw-Hill Pub. Co. Ltd., New Delhi, Second edition, (2007). IT2021 BUSINESS PROCESS MODEL L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE 9 Types of Business Organizations-Organizational Structures-Definition-Complexity- Formulization-Size-Technology-Culture-Forms and Outcomes-Explanations of Structures-IT Industry and Organizational Structures-Processes of organizations-Case Studies UNIT II PROCESS FLOW MEASUREMENT 9 Process flow measures - flow rate - flow time - inventory - flow-time analysis - process flow chart - flow-time measurement - CPM - managing flow-time - flow-rate and capacity analysis - resources and resource pools - flow-rate measurement - process capacity - inventory analysis UNIT III PROCESS FLOW VARIABILITY 9 Managing flow variability - safety inventory - demand forecasts and forecast errors - optimal services level - lead time demand variability - safety capacity - service processes and performance measures - queueing process - buffer capacity - synchronization and capacity and demand - process control and capability - performance variability - process capability measurement and improvement - product and process design - process synchronization and improvement UNIT IV BUSINESS PROCESS REENGINEERING 9 Introduction to Business Process Re-engineering (BPR)-Meaning-Types-Process- Impetrative for Survival-Strategic Approach-Implementing Business Process Reengineering- Methodology and Steps-Indian Scenario of Implementing BPR-Case Studies 19 UNIT V BPR AND IT INDUSTRY 9 BPR and Information Technology Process-People View and Perspectives-Empowering People through IT-Managing Change in the Global Environment-BPR Rediscovering Indian Paradigm-Need of Reengineering-Case Studies TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXTBOOKS: 1. Richard H.Hall, "Organizations - Structures, Processes and Outcomes”, Pearson Education, 2004 2. Ravi Anupindi et. al., "Managing Business Process Flows", Pearson Education, 1999. 3. M.S.Jayaraman et. al, “Business Process Reengineering”, Tata Mc Graw Hill Publications, 2001 REFERENCES: 1. Gareth Jones, “Organizational Theory, Design and Change”, Pearson Education, 4th Edition, 2004 2. John Jeston and Johan Nelis, "Business Process Management", Elsevier, 2006. IT2022 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT ENGINEERING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Introduction - Requirements Problem – Requirements management – Requirements and software life cycle-software team. UNIT II ANALYSING THE PROLEM 9 The five steps in problem analysis– business modeling – Systems engineering of software intensive systems – Understanding user and stakeholders needs – Features of a product or system –Interviewing – Requirements workshops- Brain storming and Idea reduction- storyboarding UNIT III DEFINING THE SYSTEM 9 Use case primer-Organizing requirement Information-Vision Document-Product Management-Managing scope-Establishing Project scope-Managing customer UNIT IV REFINING THE SYSTEM DEFINITION 9 Software requirement-Refining the use cases-developing the supplementary specification- Ambiguity and specificity -Technical methods for specifying requirements UNIT V BUILDING THE RIGHT SYSTEM 9 From use cases to Implementation-From use Cases to Test cases-Tracing requirements-Managing Change-Assessing Requirements Quality in Iterative Development-Agile Requirement methods. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. Leffingwell, D., Widrig, D., “Managing Software Requirements A Use case approach”, Second Edition, Pearson Education, 2003. 20 REFERENCES: 1. Swapna Kishore, Rajesh Naik, “Software Requirements and Estimation”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2001 2. K.Weigers, Software Requirements, Microsoft Press, 1999. 3. Ian Sommerville and P Sawyer, “Requirements engineering a good practice Guide”, Wiley India, 1997 IT2023 DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF IMAGE PROCESSING 9 Introduction – Steps in Image Processing Systems – Image Acquisition – Sampling and Quantization – Pixel Relationships – Colour Fundamentals and Models, File Formats, Image operations – Arithmetic, Geometric and Morphological. UNIT II IMAGE ENHANCEMENT 9 Spatial Domain Gray level Transformations Histogram Processing Spatial Filtering – Smoothing and Sharpening. Frequency Domain : Filtering in Frequency Domain – DFT, FFT, DCT – Smoothing and Sharpening filters – Homomorphic Filtering. UNIT III IMAGE SEGMENTATION AND FEATURE ANALYSIS 9 Detection of Discontinuities – Edge Operators – Edge Linking and Boundary Detection – Thresholding – Region Based Segmentation – Morphological WaterSheds – Motion Segmentation, Feature Analysis and Extraction. UNIT IV MULTI RESOLUTION ANALYSIS AND COMPRESSIONS 9 Multi Resolution Analysis : Image Pyramids – Multi resolution expansion – Wavelet Transforms. Image Compression : Fundamentals – Models – Elements of Information Theory – Error Free Compression – Lossy Compression – Compression Standards. UNIT V APPLICATIONS OF IMAGE PROCESSING 9 Image Classification – Image Recognition – Image Understanding – Video Motion Analysis – Image Fusion – Steganography – Digital Compositing – Mosaics – Colour Image Processing.. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS : 1. Rafael C.Gonzalez and Richard E.Woods, “Digital Image Processing” Second Edition, Pearson Education, 2003. REFERENCES: 1. Milan Sonka, Vaclav Hlavac and Roger Boyle, “Image Processing, Analysis and Machine Vision”, Second Edition, Thomson Learning, 2001 2. Anil K.Jain, “Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing”, PHI, 2006. 3. Sanjit K. Mitra, & Giovanni L. Sicuranza, “Non Linear Image Processing”, Elsevier, 2007. 4. Richard O. Duda, Peter E. HOF, David G. Stork, “Pattern Classification” Wiley Student Edition, 2006. 21 IT2024 USER INTERFACE DESIGN L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION 8 Human–Computer Interface – Characteristics Of Graphics Interface –Direct Manipulation Graphical System – Web User Interface –Popularity –Characteristic & Principles. UNIT II HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION 10 User Interface Design Process – Obstacles –Usability –Human Characteristics In Design – Human Interaction Speed –Business Functions –Requirement Analysis – Direct – Indirect Methods – Basic Business Functions – Design Standards – System Timings – Human Consideration In Screen Design – Structures Of Menus – Functions Of Menus– Contents Of Menu– Formatting – Phrasing The Menu – Selecting Menu Choice– Navigating Menus– Graphical Menus. UNIT III WINDOWS 9 Characteristics– Components– Presentation Styles– Types– Managements– Organizations– Operations– Web Systems– Device– Based Controls Characteristics– Screen – Based Controls – Operate Control – Text Boxes– Selection Control– Combination Control– Custom Control– Presentation Control. UNIT IV MULTIMEDIA 9 Text For Web Pages – Effective Feedback– Guidance & Assistance– Internationalization– Accesssibility– Icons– Image– Multimedia – Coloring. UNIT V WINDOWS LAYOUT– TEST 9 Prototypes – Kinds Of Tests – Retest – Information Search – Visualization – Hypermedia – WWW– Software Tools. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Wilbent. O. Galitz ,“The Essential Guide To User Interface Design”, John Wiley& Sons, 2001. 2. Ben Sheiderman, “Design The User Interface”, Pearson Education, 1998. REFERENCES: 1. Alan Cooper, “The Essential Of User Interface Design”, Wiley – Dream Tech Ltd., 2002. CS2022 VISUAL PROGRAMMING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I 9 Windows Programming Fundamentals – MFC – Windows – Graphics – Menus – Mouse and keyboard – Bitmaps – Palettes – Device-Independent Bitmaps UNIT II 9 Controls – Modal and Modeless Dialog – Property – Data I/O – Sound – Timer UNIT III 9 Memory management – SDI – MDI – MFC for Advanced windows user Interface – status bar and Toolbars – Tree view – List view – Threads 22 UNIT IV 9 ODBC – MFC Database classes – DAO - DLLs – Working with Images UNIT V 9 COM Fundamentals – ActiveX control – ATL – Internet Programming TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. Richard C.Leinecker and Tom Archer, “Visual C++ 6 Programming Bible”, Wiley DreamTech Press, 2006. REFERENCES: 1. Lars Klander, “Core Visual C++ 6”, Pearson Education, 2000 2. Deital, Deital, Liperi and Yaeger “Visual V++ .NET How to Program” , Pearson Education, 2004. CS2032 DATA WAREHOUSING AND DATA MINING LT P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I DATA WAREHOUSING 10 Data warehousing Components –Building a Data warehouse –- Mapping the Data Warehouse to a Multiprocessor Architecture – DBMS Schemas for Decision Support – Data Extraction, Cleanup, and Transformation Tools –Metadata. UNIT II BUSINESS ANALYSIS 8 Reporting and Query tools and Applications – Tool Categories – The Need for Applications – Cognos Impromptu – Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) – Need – Multidimensional Data Model – OLAP Guidelines – Multidimensional versus Multirelational OLAP – Categories of Tools – OLAP Tools and the Internet. UNIT III DATA MINING 8 Introduction – Data – Types of Data – Data Mining Functionalities – Interestingness of Patterns – Classification of Data Mining Systems – Data Mining Task Primitives – Integration of a Data Mining System with a Data Warehouse – Issues –Data Preprocessing. UNIT IV ASSOCIATION RULE MINING AND CLASSIFICATION 11 Mining Frequent Patterns, Associations and Correlations – Mining Methods – Mining Various Kinds of Association Rules – Correlation Analysis – Constraint Based Association Mining – Classification and Prediction - Basic Concepts - Decision Tree Induction - Bayesian Classification – Rule Based Classification – Classification by Backpropagation – Support Vector Machines – Associative Classification – Lazy Learners – Other Classification Methods - Prediction UNIT V CLUSTERING AND APPLICATIONS AND TRENDS IN DATA MINING 8 Cluster Analysis - Types of Data – Categorization of Major Clustering Methods - Kmeans – Partitioning Methods – Hierarchical Methods - Density-Based Methods –Grid Based Methods – Model-Based Clustering Methods – Clustering High Dimensional Data - Constraint – Based Cluster Analysis – Outlier Analysis – Data Mining Applications. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS 23 TEXT BOOKS: 1. Alex Berson and Stephen J. Smith, “ Data Warehousing, Data Mining & OLAP”, Tata McGraw – Hill Edition, Tenth Reprint 2007. 2. Jiawei Han and Micheline Kamber, “Data Mining Concepts and Techniques”, Second Edition, Elsevier, 2007. REFERENCES: 1. Pang-Ning Tan, Michael Steinbach and Vipin Kumar, “ Introduction To Data Mining”, Person Education, 2007. 2. K.P. Soman, Shyam Diwakar and V. Ajay “, Insight into Data mining Theory and Practice”, Easter Economy Edition, Prentice Hall of India, 2006. 3. G. K. Gupta, “ Introduction to Data Mining with Case Studies”, Easter Economy Edition, Prentice Hall of India, 2006. 4. Daniel T.Larose, “Data Mining Methods and Models”, Wile-Inter science, 2006. CS2303 THEORY OF COMPUTATION L T P C 3 1 0 4 UNIT I AUTOMATA 9 + 3 Introduction to formal proof – Additional forms of proof – Inductive proofs –Finite Automata (FA) – Deterministic Finite Automata (DFA) – Non-deterministic Finite Automata (NFA) – Finite Automata with Epsilon transitions. UNIT II REGULAR EXPRESSIONS AND LANGUAGES 9 + 3 Regular Expression – FA and Regular Expressions – Proving languages not to be regular – Closure properties of regular languages – Equivalence and minimization of Automata. UNIT III CONTEXT-FREE GRAMMARS AND LANGUAGES 9 + 3 Context-Free Grammar (CFG) – Parse Trees – Ambiguity in grammars and languages – Definition of the Pushdown automata – Languages of a Pushdown Automata – Equivalence of Pushdown automata and CFG– Deterministic Pushdown Automata. UNIT IV PROPERTIES OF CONTEXT-FREE LANGUAGES 9 + 3 Normal forms for CFG – Pumping Lemma for CFL – Closure Properties of CFL – Turing Machines – Programming Techniques for TM. UNIT V UNDECIDABALITY 9 + 3 A language that is not Recursively Enumerable (RE) – An undecidable problem that is RE – Undecidable problems about Turing Machine – Post’s Correspondence Problem – The classes P and NP L: 45 T:15 TOTAL = 60 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. J.E. Hopcroft, R. Motwani and J.D. Ullman, “Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages and Computations”, second Edition, Pearson Education, 2007. REFERENCES: 1. H.R. Lewis and C.H. Papadimitriou, “Elements of the theory of Computation”, Second Edition, Pearson Education, 2003. 24 2. Thomas A. Sudkamp,” An Introduction to the Theory of Computer Science, Languages and Machines”, Third Edition, Pearson Education, 2007. 3. Raymond Greenlaw an H.James Hoover, “ Fundamentals of Theory of Computation, Principles and Practice”, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1998. 4. Micheal Sipser, “Introduction of the Theory and Computation”, Thomson Brokecole, 1997. 5. J. Martin,“Introduction to Languages and the Theory of computation”, 3rd Edition,Tata Mc Graw Hill, 2007 CS2029 ADVANCED DATABASE TECHNOLOGY L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I RELATIONAL MODEL ISSUES 9 ER Model - Normalization – Query Processing – Query Optimization - Transaction Processing - Concurrency Control – Recovery - Database Tuning. UNIT II DISTRIBUTED DATABASES 9 Parallel Databases – Inter and Intra Query Parallelism – Distributed Database Features – Distributed Database Architecture – Fragmentation – Distributed Query Processing – Distributed Transactions Processing – Concurrency Control – Recovery – Commit Protocols. UNIT III OBJECT ORIENTED DATABASES 9 Introduction to Object Oriented Data Bases - Approaches - Modeling and Design - Persistence – Query Languages - Transaction - Concurrency – Multi Version Locks – Recovery – POSTGRES – JASMINE –GEMSTONE - ODMG Model. UNIT IV EMERGING SYSTEMS 9 Enhanced Data Models - Client/Server Model - Data Warehousing and Data Mining - Web Databases – Mobile Databases- XML and Web Databases. UNIT V CURRENT ISSUES 9 Rules - Knowledge Bases - Active and Deductive Databases - Multimedia Databases– Multimedia Data Structures – Multimedia Query languages - Spatial Databases. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. Thomas Connolly and Carlolyn Begg, “Database Systems, A Practical Approach to Design, Implementation and Management”, Third Edition, Pearson Education 2003. REFERENCES: 1. R. Elmasri, S.B. Navathe, “Fundamentals of Database Systems”, Fifth Edition, Pearson Education, 2006. 2. Abraham Silberschatz, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudharshan, “Database System Concepts”, Fifth Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 2006. 3. C.J.Date, A.Kannan, S.Swamynathan, “An Introduction to Database Systems”, Eighth Edition, Pearson Education, 2006. 25 IT2031 ELECTRONIC COMMERCE L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Traditional commerce and E commerce – Internet and WWW – role of WWW – value chains – strategic business and Industry value chains – role of E commerce. UNIT II INFRASTRUCTURE FOR E COMMERCE 9 Packet switched networks – TCP/IP protocol script – Internet utility programmes – SGML, HTML and XML – web client and servers – Web client/server architecture – intranet and extranets. UNIT III WEB BASED TOOLS FOR E COMMERCE 9 Web server – performance evaluation - web server software feature sets – web server software and tools – web protocol – search engines – intelligent agents –EC software – web hosting – cost analysis UNIT IV SECURITY 9 Computer security classification – copy right and Intellectual property – electronic commerce threats – protecting client computers – electronic payment systems – electronic cash – strategies for marketing – sales and promotion – cryptography – authentication. UNIT V INTELLIGENT AGENTS 9 Definition and capabilities – limitation of agents – security – web based marketing – search engines and Directory registration – online advertisements – Portables and info mechanics – website design issues. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Ravi Kalakota, “ Electronic Commerce”, Pearson Education, 2. Gary P Schneider “Electronic commerce”, Thomson learning & James T Peny Cambridge USA, 2001. 3. Manlyn Greenstein and Miklos “Electronic commerce” McGraw-Hill, 2002. REFERENCES: 1. Efraim Turvan J.Lee, David kug and chung, “Electronic commerce” Pearson Education Asia 2001. 2. Brenda Kienew E commerce Business Prentice Hall, 2001. IT2032 SOFTWARE TESTING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Testing as an Engineering Activity – Role of Process in Software Quality – Testing as a Process – Basic Definitions – Software Testing Principles – The Tester’s Role in a Software Development Organization – Origins of Defects – Defect Classes – The Defect Repository and Test Design – Defect Examples – Developer/Tester Support for Developing a Defect Repository. 26 UNIT II TEST CASE DESIGN 9 Introduction to Testing Design Strategies – The Smarter Tester – Test Case Design Strategies – Using Black Box Approach to Test Case Design Random Testing – Requirements based testing – positive and negative testing -–– Boundary Value Analysis – decision tables - Equivalence Class Partitioning state-based testing– causeeffect graphing – error guessing - compatibility testing – user documentation testing – domain testing Using White–Box Approach to Test design – Test Adequacy Criteria – static testing vs. structural testing – code functional testing - Coverage and Control Flow Graphs – Covering Code Logic – Paths – Their Role in White–box Based Test Design – code complexity testing – Evaluating Test Adequacy Criteria. UNIT III LEVELS OF TESTING 9 The Need for Levels of Testing – Unit Test – Unit Test Planning –Designing the Unit Tests. The Test Harness – Running the Unit tests and Recording results – Integration tests – Designing Integration Tests – Integration Test Planning – scenario testing – defect bash elimination -System Testing – types of system testing - Acceptance testing – performance testing - Regression Testing – internationalization testing – ad-hoc testing - Alpha – Beta Tests – testing OO systems – usability and accessibility testing UNIT IV TEST MANAGEMENT 9 People and organizational issues in testing – organization structures for testing teams – testing services - Test Planning – Test Plan Components – Test Plan Attachments – Locating Test Items – test management – test process - Reporting Test Results – The role of three groups in Test Planning and Policy Development – Introducing the test specialist – Skills needed by a test specialist – Building a Testing Group. UNIT V CONTROLLING AND MONITORING 9 Software test automation – skills needed for automation – scope of automation – design and architecture for automation – requirements for a test tool – challenges in automation - Test metrics and measurements –project, progress and productivity metrics – Status Meetings – Reports and Control Issues – Criteria for Test Completion – SCM – Types of reviews – Developing a review program – Components of Review Plans– Reporting Review Results. – evaluating software quality – defect prevention – testing maturity model TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Srinivasan Desikan and Gopalaswamy Ramesh, “ Software Testing – Principles and Practices”, Pearson education, 2006. 2. Aditya P.Mathur, “Foundations of Software Testing”, Pearson Education,2008. REFERENCES: 1. Boris Beizer, “Software Testing Techniques”, Second Edition,Dreamtech, 2003. 2. Elfriede Dustin, “Effective Software Testing”, First Edition, Pearson Education, 2003. 3. Renu Rajani, Pradeep Oak, “Software Testing – Effective Methods, Tools and Techniques”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2004. 27 IT2033 BIOINFORMATICS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I 9 Introduction to molecular biology – the genetic material – gene structure – protein structure – chemical bonds – molecular biology tools – genomic information content UNIT II 9 Data searches – simple alignments – gaps – scoring matrices – dynamic programming – global and local alignments – database searches – multiple sequence alignments Patterns for substitutions – estimating substitution numbers – evolutionary rates – molecular clocks – evolution in organelles UNIT III 9 Phylogenetics – history and advantages – phylogenetic trees – distance matrix methods – maximum likelihood approaches – multiple sequence alignments – Parsimony – ancestral sequences – strategies for faster searches – consensus trees – tree confidence – comparison of phylogenetic methods – molecular phylogenies UNIT IV 9 Genomics – prokaryotic genomes: prokaryotic gene structure – GC content - gene density – eukaryotic genomes: gene structure – open reading frames – GC content – gene expression – transposition – repeated elements – gene density UNIT V 9 Amino acids – polypeptide composition – secondary structure – tertiary and quaternary structure – algorithms for modeling protein folding – structure prediction – predicting RNA secondary structures Proteomics – protein classification – experimental techniques – inhibitors and drug design – ligand screening – NMR structures – empirical methods and prediction techniques – post-translational modification prediction TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. D. E. Krane and M. L. Raymer, “Fundamental concepts of Bioinformatics”, Pearson Education, 2003. REFERENCES: 1. Arthur M. Lesk, “Introduction to Bioinformatics”, Second Edition, Oxford University Press, 2005. 2. T. K. Attwood, D. J. Parry-Smith, and S. Phukan, “Introduction to Bioinformatics”, Pearson Education, 1999. 3. Vittal R. Srinivas, “Bioinformatics – A Modern Approach”, Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., 2005. IT2034 ADHOC SENSOR NETWORK L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I ROUTING 9 Cellular and Ad hoc wireless networks – Issues of MAC layer and Routing – Proactive, Reactive and Hybrid Routing protocols – Multicast Routing – Tree based and Mesh based protocols – Multicast with Quality of Service Provision. 28 UNIT II QUALITY OF SERVICE 9 Real-time traffic support – Issues and challenges in providing QoS – Classification of QoS Solutions – MAC layer classifications – QoS Aware Routing Protocols – Ticket based and Predictive location based Qos Routing Protocols UNIT III ENERGY MANAGEMENT AD HOC NETWORKS 9 Need for Energy Management – Classification of Energy Management Schemes – Battery Management and Transmission Power Management Schemes – Network Layer and Data Link Layer Solutions – System power Management schemes UNIT IV MESH NETWORKS 9 Necessity for Mesh Networks – MAC enhancements – IEEE 802.11s Architecture – Opportunistic Routing – Self Configuration and Auto Configuration - Capacity Models – Fairness – Heterogeneous Mesh Networks – Vehicular Mesh Networks UNIT V SENSOR NETWORKS 9 Introduction – Sensor Network architecture – Data Dissemination – Data Gathering – MAC Protocols for sensor Networks – Location discovery – Quality of Sensor Networks – Evolving Standards – Other Issues – Recent trends in Infrastructure less Networks TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. C. Siva Ram Murthy and B.S.Manoj, “Ad hoc Wireless Networks – Architectures and Protocols’, Pearson Education, 2004 REFERENCES: 1. Feng Zhao and Leonidas Guibas, “Wireless Sensor Networks”, Morgan Kaufman Publishers, 2004. 2. C.K.Toh, “Adhoc Mobile Wireless Networks”, Pearson Education, 2002. 3. Thomas Krag and Sebastin Buettrich, ‘Wireless Mesh Networking’, O’Reilly Publishers, 2007. CS2351 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE L T P C 3 0 0 3 AIM To learn the basics of designing intelligent agents that can solve general purpose problems, represent and process knowledge, plan and act, reason under uncertainty and can learn from experiences UNIT I PROBLEM SOLVING 9 Introduction – Agents – Problem formulation – uninformed search strategies – heuristics – informed search strategies – constraint satisfaction UNIT II LOGICAL REASONING 9 Logical agents – propositional logic – inferences – first-order logic – inferences in firstorder logic – forward chaining – backward chaining – unification – resolution 29 UNIT III PLANNING 9 Planning with state-space search – partial-order planning – planning graphs – planning and acting in the real world UNIT IV UNCERTAIN KNOWLEDGE AND REASONING 9 Uncertainty – review of probability - probabilistic Reasoning – Bayesian networks – inferences in Bayesian networks – Temporal models – Hidden Markov models UNIT V LEARNING 9 Learning from observation - Inductive learning – Decision trees – Explanation based learning – Statistical Learning methods - Reinforcement Learning. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. S. Russel and P. Norvig, “Artificial Intelligence – A Modern Approach”, Second Edition, Pearson Education, 2003. REFERENCES: 1. David Poole, Alan Mackworth, Randy Goebel, ”Computational Intelligence : a logical approach”, Oxford University Press, 2004. 2. G. Luger, “Artificial Intelligence: Structures and Strategies for complex problem solving”, Fourth Edition, Pearson Education, 2002. 3. J.Nilsson, “Artificial Intelligence: A new Synthesis”, Elsevier Publishers, 1998. IT2041 ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I ERP AND TECHNOLOGY 10 Introduction – Related Technologies – Business Intelligence – E-Commerce and EBusiness – Business Process Reengineering – Data Warehousing – Data Mining – OLAP – Product life Cycle management – SCM – CRM UNIT II ERP IMPLEMENTATION 10 Implementation Challenges – Strategies – Life Cycle – Pre-implementation Tasks – Requirements Definition – Methodologies – Package selection – Project Teams – Process Definitions – Vendors and Consultants – Data Migration – Project management – Post Implementation Activities. UNIT III ERP IN ACTION & BUSINESS MODULES 8 Operation and Maintenance – Performance – Maximizing the ERP System – Business Modules – Finance – Manufacturing – Human Resources – Plant maintenance – Materials Management – Quality management – Marketing – Sales, Distribution and service. UNIT IV ERP MARKET 9 Marketplace – Dynamics – SAP AG – Oracle – PeopleSoft – JD Edwards – QAD Inc – SSA Global – Lawson Software – Epicor – Intutive. 30 UNIT V 8 Enterprise Application Integration – ERP and E-Business – ERP II – Total quality management – Future Directions – Trends in ERP. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Alexis Leon, “ERP DEMYSTIFIED”, Tata McGraw Hill, Second Edition, 2008. 2. Mary Sumner, “Enterprise Resource Planning”, Pearson Education, 2007. REFERENCES: 1. Jim Mazzullo,”SAP R/3 for Everyone”, Pearson,2007. 2. Jose Antonio Fernandz, “ The SAP R /3 Handbook”, Tata McGraw Hill, 1998. 3. Biao Fu, “SAP BW: A Step-by-Step Guide”, First Edition, Pearson Education, 2003. IT2042 INFORMATION SECURITY L T P C 3 0 0 3 AIM To study the critical need for ensuring Information Security in Organizations OBJECTIVES  To understand the basics of Information Security  To know the legal, ethical and professional issues in Information Security  To know the aspects of risk management  To become aware of various standards in this area  To know the technological aspects of Information Security UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 History, What is Information Security ?, Critical Characteristics of Information, NSTISSC Security Model, Components of an Information System, Securing the Components, Balancing Security and Access, The SDLC, The Security SDLC UNIT II SECURITY INVESTIGATION 9 Need for Security, Business Needs, Threats, Attacks, Legal, Ethical and Professional Issues UNIT III SECURITY ANALYSIS 9 Risk Management : Identifying and Assessing Risk, Assessing and Controlling Risk UNIT IV LOGICAL DESIGN 9 Blueprint for Security, Information Security Poicy, Standards and Practices, ISO 17799/BS 7799, NIST Models, VISA International Security Model, Design of Security Architecture, Planning for Continuity UNIT V PHYSICAL DESIGN 9 Security Technology, IDS, Scanning and Analysis Tools, Cryptography, Access Control Devices, Physical Security, Security and Personnel TOTAL = 45 PERIODS 31 TEXT BOOK: 1. Michael E Whitman and Herbert J Mattord, “Principles of Information Security”, Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi, 2003 REFERENCES: 1. Micki Krause, Harold F. Tipton, “ Handbook of Information Security Management”, Vol 1-3 CRC Press LLC, 2004. 2. Stuart Mc Clure, Joel Scrambray, George Kurtz, “Hacking Exposed”, Tata McGraw- Hill, 2003 3. Matt Bishop, “ Computer Security Art and Science”, Pearson/PHI, 2002. IT2043 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT 9 KM Myths – KM Life Cycle – Understanding Knowledge – Knowledge, intelligence – Experience – Common Sense – Cognition and KM – Types of Knowledge – Expert Knowledge – Human Thinking and Learning. UNIT II KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM LIFE CYCLE 9 Challenges in Building KM Systems – Conventional Vrs KM System Life Cycle (KMSLS) – Knowledge Creation and Knowledge Architecture – Nonaka’s Model of Knowledge Creation and Transformation. Knowledge Architecture. UNIT III CAPTURING KNOWLEDGE 9 Evaluating the Expert – Developing a Relationship with Experts – Fuzzy Reasoning and the Quality of Knowledge – Knowledge Capturing Techniques, Brain Storming – Protocol Analysis – Consensus Decision Making – Repertory Grid- Concept Mapping – Blackboarding. UNIT IV KNOWLEDGE CODIFICATION 9 Modes of Knowledge Conversion – Codification Tools and Procedures – Knowledge Developer’s Skill Sets – System Testing and Deployment – Knowledge Testing – Approaches to Logical Testing, User Acceptance Testing – KM System Deployment Issues – User Training – Post implementation. UNIT V KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER AND SHARING 9 Transfer Methods – Role of the Internet – Knowledge Transfer in e-world – KM System Tools – Neural Network – Association Rules – Classification Trees – Data Mining and Business Intelligence – Decision Making Architecture – Data Management – Knowledge Management Protocols – Managing Knowledge Workers. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. Elias.M. Award & Hassan M. Ghaziri – “Knowledge Management” Pearson Education 2003. REFERENCES: 1. Guus Schreiber, Hans Akkermans, Anjo Anjewierden, Robert de Hoog, Nigel Shadbolt, Walter Van de Velde and Bob Wielinga, “Knowledge Engineering and Management”, Universities Press, 2001. 2. C.W. Holsapple, “Handbooks on Knowledge Management”, International Handbooks on Information Systems, Vol 1 and 2, 2003 32 CS2063 GRID COMPUTING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I CONCEPTS AND ARCHITECTURE 9 Introduction-Parallel and Distributed Computing-Cluster Computing-Grid Computing- Anatomy and Physiology of Grid-Review of Web Services-OGSA-WSRF. UNIT II GRID MONITORING 9 Grid Monitoring Architecture (GMA) - An Overview of Grid Monitoring Systems- GridI CE – JAMM -MDS-Network Weather Service-R-GMA-Other Monitoring Systems- Ganglia and GridMon UNIT III GRID SECURITY AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 9 Grid Security-A Brief Security Primer-PKI-X509 Certificates-Grid Security-Grid Scheduling and Resource Management-Scheduling Paradigms- Working principles of Scheduling -A Review of Condor, SGE, PBS and LSF-Grid Scheduling with QoS. UNIT IV DATA MANAGEMENT AND GRID PORTALS 9 Data Management-Categories and Origins of Structured Data-Data Management Challenges-Architectural Approaches-Collective Data Management Services-Federation Services-Grid Portals-First-Generation Grid Portals-Second-Generation Grid Portals. UNIT V GRID MIDDLEWARE 9 List of globally available Middlewares - Case Studies-Recent version of Globus Toolkit and GLite - Architecture, Components and Features. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. Maozhen Li, Mark Baker, The Grid Core Technologies, John Wiley & Sons ,2005. REFERENCES: 1. Ian Foster & Carl Kesselman,The Grid 2 – Blueprint for a New Computing Infrascture Morgan Kaufman – 2004. 2. Joshy Joseph & Craig Fellenstein, “Grid Computing”, Pearson Education 2004. 3. Fran Berman,Geoffrey Fox, Anthony J.G.Hey, “Grid Computing: Making the Global Infrastructure a reality”, John Wiley and sons, 2003. CS2041 C# AND .NET FRAMEWORK L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I 9 Review of OOP Concepts - Overview of .NET Framework - Basic Elements of C# - Program Structure and simple Input and Output Operations – Operators and Expressions – Statements – Arrays and Structures. UNIT II 9 Inheritance - Namespace – Polymorphism – Interface and Overloading – Multiple Inheritance – Property – Indexes – Delegates – Publish/Subscribe Design Patterns- Operator Overloading-Method Overloading 33 UNIT II I 9 C# Concepts for creating Data Structures - File Operation – File Management systems – Stream Oriented Operations- Multitasking – Multithreading – Thread Operation – Synchronization. UNIT IV 9 Working with XML – Techniques for Reading and Writing XML Data - Using XPath and Search XML - ADO.NET Architecture – ADO.NET Connected and Disconnected Models – XML and ADO.NET – Simple and Complex Data Binding– Data Grid View Class. UNIT V 9 Application Domains – Remoting – Leasing and Sponsorship - .NET Coding Design Guidelines –Assemblies – Security – Application Development – Web Services - Building an XML Web Service - Web Service Client – WSDL and SOAP – Web Service with Complex Data Types – Web Service Performance. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. S. Thamarai Selvi and R. Murugesan “A Textbook on C# “, Pearson Education,2003. 2. Stephen C. Perry “ Core C# and .NET”, Pearson Education,2006. REFERENCES: 1. Jesse Liberty, “Programming C#”, Second Edition, O’Reilly Press, 2002. 2. Robinson et al, “Professional C#”, Fifth Edition, Wrox Press, 2002. 3. Herbert Schildt, “The Complete Reference: C#”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2004. 4. Andrew Troelsen, “C# and the .NET Platform”, A! Press, 2003. 5. Thuan Thai and Hoang Q. Lam, “. NET Framework Essentials”, Second Edition, O’Reilly, 2002. IT2050 PRINCIPLES OF COMPILER DESIGN L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I BASICS OF COMPILATION 9 Compilers – Analysis of source program – Phases of a compiler – Grouping of phases – Compiler Construction tools – Lexical Analyzer: Token specification -Token Recognition- A language for Specifying lexical analyzer– Top down parser : Table implementation of Predictive Parser - Bottom-up Parser : SLR(1) Parser - Parser generators. UNIT II TYPE CHECKING AND RUNTIME ENVIRONMENTS 9 Syntax directed definitions – Construction of syntax trees – Type systems – Specification of a simple type checker - Equivalence of type expressions – Type conversions – Attribute grammar for a simple type checking system – Runtime Environments: Source language issues – Storage organization – Storage allocation strategies – Parameter passing. UNIT III INTERMEDIATE CODE GENERATION 9 Intermediate languages – Declarations – Assignment statements – Boolean expressions – Case statements – Backpatching – Procedure calls. 34 UNIT IV CODE GENERATION 9 Issues in the design of a code generator – The target machine – Runtime storage management – Basic blocks and flow graphs – Next-use information – A simple code generator – Register allocation and assignment – The DAG representation of basic blocks – Generating code from DAG – Dynamic programming code generation algorithm – Code-generator generators. UNIT V CODE OPTIMIZATION 9 Principal sources of optimization – Peephole optimization – Optimization of basic blocks – Loops in flow graphs – Introduction to global data flow analysis – Iterative solution of data flow equations – Code improving transformations – Dealing with aliases. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. Alfred V. Aho, Ravi Sethi, Jeffrey D. Ullman. “Compilers Principles, Techniques and Tools”. Pearson Education, 2008. REFERENCES: 1. Steven S. Muchnick, “Advanced Compiler Design Implementation”, Morgan Koffman, 1997. 2. Charles N. Fischer, Richard J. Leblanc, “Crafting a Compiler with C”, Benjamin Cummings, 1991. 3. Allen Holub, “Compiler Design in C”, Prentice Hall of India, 1990. IT2051 KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Key concepts – Why knowledge Representation and Reasoning – Language of first order Logic – Syntax, Semantics Pragmatics – Expressing Knowledge – Levels of Representation – Knowledge Acquisition and Sharing – Sharing Ontologies – Language Ontologies –Language Patterns – Tools for Knowledge Acquisition UNIT II RESOLUTION AND REASONING 9 Proportional Case – Handling Variables and Qualifies – Dealing with Intractability – Reasoning with Horn Clauses - Procedural Control of Reasoning – Rules in Production – Description Logic - Vivid Knowledge – Beyond Vivid. UNIT III REPRESENTATION 9 Object Oriented Representations – Frame Formalism – Structured Descriptions – Meaning and Entailment - Taxonomies and Classification – Inheritance – Networks – Strategies for Defeasible Inheritance – Formal Account of Inheritance Networks. UNIT IV DEFAULTS, UNCERTAINTY AND EXPRESSIVENESS 9 Defaults – Introduction – Closed World Reasoning – Circumscription – Default Logic Limitations of Logic – Fuzzy Logic – Nonmontonic Logic – Theories and World – Semiotics – Auto epistemic Logic - Vagueness – Uncertainty and Degrees of Belief – Noncategorical Reasoning – Objective and Subjective Probability. 35 UNIT V ACTIONS AND PLANNING 9 Explanation and Diagnosis – Purpose – Syntax, Semantics of Context – First Order Reasoning – Modal Reasoning in Context – Encapsulating Objects in Context – Agents – Actions – Situational Calculus – Frame Problem – Complex Actions – Planning – Strips – Planning as Reasoning – Hierarchical and Conditional Planning. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. Ronald Brachman, Hector Levesque “Knowledge Representation and Reasoning “, The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Artificial Intelligence 2004 REFERENCES: 1. John F. Sowa, “ Knowledge Representation: Logical, Philosophical, and Computational Foundations”, 2000 2. Arthur B. Markman, “Knowledge Representation”, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates,1998 GE2021 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I ENGINEERING ETHICS 9 Senses of ‘Engineering Ethics’ – Variety of moral issues – Types of inquiry – Moral dilemmas – Moral Autonomy – Kohlberg’s theory – Gilligan’s theory – Consensus and Controversy – Professions and Professionalism – Professional Ideals and Virtues – Uses of Ethical Theories UNIT II ENGINEERING AS SOCIAL EXPERIMENTATION 9 Engineering as Experimentation – Engineers as responsible Experimenters – Research Ethics - Codes of Ethics – Industrial Standards - A Balanced Outlook on Law – The Challenger Case Study UNIT III ENGINEER’S RESPONSIBILITY FOR SAFETY 9 Safety and Risk – Assessment of Safety and Risk – Risk Benefit Analysis – Reducing Risk – The Government Regulator’s Approach to Risk - Chernobyl Case Studies and Bhopal UNIT IV RESPONSIBILITIES AND RIGHTS 9 Collegiality and Loyalty – Respect for Authority – Collective Bargaining – Confidentiality – Conflicts of Interest – Occupational Crime – Professional Rights – Employee Rights – Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) - Discrimination UNIT V GLOBAL ISSUES 9 Multinational Corporations – Business Ethics - Environmental Ethics – Computer Ethics - Role in Technological Development – Weapons Development – Engineers as Managers – Consulting Engineers – Engineers as Expert Witnesses and Advisors – Honesty – Moral Leadership – Sample Code of Conduct. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, “Ethics in Engineering”, McGraw Hill, New York, 2005. 2. Charles E Harris, Michael S Pritchard and Michael J Rabins, “Engineering Ethics – Concepts and Cases”, Thompson Learning, 2000. 36 REFERENCES: 1. Charles D Fleddermann, “Engineering Ethics”, Prentice Hall, New Mexico, 1999. 2. John R Boatright, “Ethics and the Conduct of Business”, Pearson Education, 2003 3. Edmund G Seebauer and Robert L Barry, “Fundamentals of Ethics for Scientists and Engineers”, Oxford University Press, 2001. 4. Prof. (Col) P S Bajaj and Dr. Raj Agrawal, “Business Ethics – An Indian Perspective”, Biztantra, New Delhi, 2004. 5. David Ermann and Michele S Shauf, “Computers, Ethics and Society”, Oxford University Press, (2003) GE2071 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (IPR) L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I 9 Introduction – Invention and Creativity – Intellectual Property (IP) – Importance – Protection of IPR – Basic types of property (i). Movable Property - Immovable Property and - Intellectual Property. UNIT II 9 IP – Patents – Copyrights and related rights – Trade Marks and rights arising from Trademark registration – Definitions – Industrial Designs and Integrated circuits – Protection of Geographical Indications at national and International levels – Application Procedures.. UNIT III 9 International convention relating to Intellectual Property – Establishment of WIPO – Mission and Activities – History – General Agreement on Trade and Tariff (GATT) – TRIPS Agreement. UNIT IV 9 Indian Position Vs WTO and Strategies – Indian IPR legislations – commitments to WTO-Patent Ordinance and the Bill – Draft of a national Intellectual Property Policy – Present against unfair competition. UNIT V 9 Case Studies on – Patents (Basumati rice, turmeric, Neem, etc.) – Copyright and related rights – Trade Marks – Industrial design and Integrated circuits – Geographic indications – Protection against unfair competition. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. Subbaram N.R. “Handbook of Indian Patent Law and Practice “, S. Viswanathan Printers and Publishers Pvt. Ltd., 1998. REFERENCES: 1. Eli Whitney, United States Patent Number: 72X, Cotton Gin, March 14, 1794. 2. Intellectual Property Today: Volume 8, No. 5, May 2001, [www.iptoday.com]. 3. Using the Internet for non-patent prior art searches, Derwent IP Matters, July 2000. www.ipmatters.net/features/000707_gibbs.html. 37 IT2052 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INFORMATION SYSTEM AND ORGANIZATION 9 Matching the Information System Plan to the Organizational Strategic Plan – Identifying Key Organizational Objective and Processes and Developing an Information System Development – User role in Systems Development Process – Maintainability and Recoverability in System Design. UNIT II REPRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF SYSTEM STRUCTURE 9 Models for Representing Systems: Mathematical, Graphical and Hierarchical (Organization Chart, Tree Diagram) – Information Flow – Process Flow – Methods and Heuristics – Decomposition and Aggregation – Information Architecture – Application of System Representation to Case Studies. UNIT III SYSTEMS, INFORMATION AND DECISION THEORY 9 Information Theory – Information Content and Redundancy – Classification and Compression – Summarizing and Filtering – Inferences and Uncertainty – Identifying Information needed to Support Decision Making – Human Factors – Problem characteristics and Information System Capabilities in Decision Making. UNIT IV INFORMATION SYSTEM APPLICATION 9 Transaction Processing Applications – Basic Accounting Application – Applications for Budgeting and Planning – Other use of Information Technology: Automation – Word Processing – Electronic Mail – Evaluation Remote Conferencing and Graphics – System and Selection – Cost Benefit – Centralized versus Decentralized Allocation Mechanism. UNIT V DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS 9 Systems analysis and design – System development life cycle – Limitation – End User Development – Managing End Users – off– the shelf software packages – Outsourcing – Comparison of different methodologies. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. Laudon K.C, Laudon J.P, Brabston M.E, “Management Information Systems - Managing the digital firm”, Pearon Education, 2004. REFERENCES: 1. Turban E.F, Potter R.E, “Introduction to Information Technology”; Wiley, 2 004. 2. Jeffrey A.Hoffer, Joey F.George, Joseph S. Valachich, “Modern Systems Analysis and Design”, Third Edition, Prentice Hall, 2002. IT2053 SOFTWARE DESIGN L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I GENERAL DESIGN FUNDAMENTALS 9 The nature of Design process – Objectives – Building Models – Constructs, Design qualities – Assessing the design – Design viewpoints for software – The object Model – Classes and Objects – Complexity – Classification – Notation – Process – Pragmatics. 38 UNIT II STRUCTURED SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN 9 Structured Design – Design Principles – Problem Partitioning and Hierarchy – Abstraction, Modularity – Top-down and Bottom-up Strategies – Transformation of a DFD to a Structure Chart – Transform Analysis – Transaction Analysis – Coupling – Cohesion – Multiple types of Cohesion in a module – Data Design – Normalization – Denormalization – Procedural Design. UNIT III OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN 9 Overview of Object Oriented Analysis – Shaler/Mellor – Coad/ Yourdon – Rumbaugh – Booch – UML – Use case – Conceptual model – Behaviour – Class Analysis Patterns – Overview – Diagrams – Aggregation – UML – Diagrams – Collaboration – Sequence – Class – Design patterns and Frameworks – Comparison with other design methods – Managing analysis and design – Evaluation testing – Coding – Maintenance – Metrics. UNIT IV SOFTWARE DESIGN 9 The Architecture Concepts – Design Methods – Design Patterns – Rationale for Methods – Design Processes and Strategies – Design by Template – Designing with Patterns – Stepwise Refinement – Incremental Design – Prototyping – DSDM – Structured Systems Analysis and Structured Design – JSP – JSD. UNIT V CASE STUDIES 9 Domain Name System – Email – World Wide Web (HTTP) – Simple Network Management Protocol – File Transfer Protocol – Security – Mutimedia applications. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS REFERENCES: 1. David Budgen, "Software Design", Second Edition, Pearson Education, 2004. 2. R. S. Pressman, "Software Engineering", Fifth Edition, McGraw Hill Inc., 2001. 3. Steve McConnell, "Code Complete ", Word Power Publishers, 2001. 4. Ed Downs, Peter Clare, Jan Coe, "Structured System Analysis and Design Methods Application and Context ", Prentice Hall, 1998. 5. A. G. Suteliffe, "Human Computer Interface Design ", Second Edition Macmillan, 1995. CS2053 SOFT COMPUTING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I FUZZY SET THEORY 10 Introduction to Neuro – Fuzzy and Soft Computing – Fuzzy Sets – Basic Definition and Terminology – Set-theoretic Operations – Member Function Formulation and Parameterization – Fuzzy Rules and Fuzzy Reasoning – Extension Principle and Fuzzy Relations – Fuzzy If-Then Rules – Fuzzy Reasoning – Fuzzy Inference Systems – Mamdani Fuzzy Models – Sugeno Fuzzy Models – Tsukamoto Fuzzy Models – Input Space P artition ing and Fuzzy Modelin g. UNIT II OPTIMIZATION 8 Derivative-based Optimization – Descent Methods – The Method of Steepest Descent – Classical Newton’s Method – Step Size Determination – Derivative-free Optimization – Genetic Algorithms – Simulated Annealing – Random Search – Downhill Simplex Search. 39 UNIT III ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 10 Introduction, Knowledge Representation – Reasoning, Issues and Acquisition: Prepositional and Predicate Calculus Rule Based knowledge Representation Symbolic Reasoning Under Uncertainity Basic knowledge Representation Issues Knowledge acquisition – Heuristic Search: Techniques for Heuristic search Heuristic Classification - State Space Search: Strategies Implementation of Graph Search Search based on Recursion Patent-directed Search Production System and Learning. UNIT IV NEURO FUZZY MODELING 9 Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems – Architecture – Hybrid Learning Algorithm – Learning Methods that Cross-fertilize ANFIS and RBFN – Coactive Neuro Fuzzy Modeling – Framework Neuron Functions for Adaptive Networks – Neuro Fuzzy Spectru m. UNIT V APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE 8 Printed Character Recognition – Inverse Kinematics Problems – Automobile Fuel Efficiency Prediction – Soft Computing for Color Recipe Prediction. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. J.S.R.Jang, C.T.Sun and E.Mizutani, “Neuro-Fuzzy and Soft Computing”, PHI, 2004, Pearson Education 2004. 2. N.P.Padhy, “Artificial Intelligence and Intelligent Systems”, Oxford University Press, 2006. REFERENCES: 1. Elaine Rich & Kevin Knight, Artificial Intelligence, Second Edition, Tata Mcgraw Hill Publishing Comp., 2006, New Delhi. 2. Timothy J.Ross, “Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications”, McGraw-Hill, 1997. 3. Davis E.Goldberg, “Genetic Algorithms: Search, Optimization and Machine Learning”, Addison Wesley, N.Y., 1989. 4. S. Rajasekaran and G.A.V.Pai, “Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithms”, PHI, 2003. 5. R.Eberhart, P.Simpson and R.Dobbins, “Computational Intelligence - PC Tools”, AP Professional, Boston, 1996. 6. Amit Konar, “Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Behaviour and Cognitive model of the human brain”, CRC Press, 2008. GE2022 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Introduction - Need for quality - Evolution of quality - Definition of quality - Dimensions of manufacturing and service quality - Basic concepts of TQM - Definition of TQM – TQM Framework - Contributions of Deming, Juran and Crosby – Barriers to TQM. UNIT II TQM PRINCIPLES 9 Leadership – Strategic quality planning, Quality statements - Customer focus – Customer orientation, Customer satisfaction, Customer complaints, Customer retention - Employee involvement – Motivation, Empowerment, Team and Teamwork, Recognition and Reward, Performance appraisal - Continuous process improvement – PDSA cycle, 5s, Kaizen - Supplier partnership – Partnering, Supplier selection, Supplier Rating. 40 UNIT III TQM TOOLS & TECHNIQUES I 9 The seven traditional tools of quality – New management tools – Six-sigma: Concepts, methodology, applications to manufacturing, service sector including IT – Bench marking – Reason to bench mark, Bench marking process – FMEA – Stages, Types. UNIT IV TQM TOOLS & TECHNIQUES II 9 Quality circles – Quality Function Deployment (QFD) – Taguchi quality loss function – TPM – Concepts, improvement needs – Cost of Quality – Performance measures. UNIT V QUALITY SYSTEMS 9 Need for ISO 9000- ISO 9000-2000 Quality System – Elements, Documentation, Quality auditing- QS 9000 – ISO 14000 – Concepts, Requirements and Benefits – Case studies of TQM implementation in manufacturing and service sectors including IT. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK: 1. Dale H.Besterfiled, et at., “Total Quality Management”, Pearson Education Asia, 3rd Edition, Indian Reprint (2006). REFERENCES: 1. James R. Evans and William M. Lindsay, “The Management and Control of Quality”, 6th Edition, South-Western (Thomson Learning), 2005. 2. Oakland, J.S., “TQM – Text with Cases”, Butterworth – Heinemann Ltd., Oxford, 3rd Edition, 2003. 3. Suganthi,L and Anand Samuel, “Total Quality Management”, Prentice Hall (India) Pvt. Ltd.,2006. 4. Janakiraman, B and Gopal, R.K, “Total Quality Management – Text and Cases”, Prentice Hall (India) Pvt. Ltd., 2006. GE2072 INDIAN CONSTITUTION AND SOCIETY L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I 9 Historical Background – Constituent Assembly of India – Philosophical foundations of the Indian Constitution – Preamble – Fundamental Rights – Directive Principles of State Policy – Fundamental Duties – Citizenship – Constitutional Remedies for citizens. UNIT II 9 Union Government – Structures of the Union Government and Functions – President – Vice President – Prime Minister – Cabinet – Parliament – Supreme Court of India – Judicial Review. UNIT III 9 State Government – Structure and Functions – Governor – Chief Minister – Cabinet – State Legislature – Judicial System in States – High Courts and other Subordinate Courts. 41 UNIT IV 9 Indian Federal System – Center – State Relations – President’s Rule – Constitutional Amendments – Constitutional Functionaries - Assessment of working of the Parliamentary System in India. UNIT V 9 Society : Nature, Meaning and definition; Indian Social Structure; Caste, Religion, Language in India; Constitutional Remedies for citizens – Political Parties and Pressure Groups; Right of Women, Children and Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and other Weaker Sections. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Durga Das Basu, “ Introduction to the Constitution of India “, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi. 2. R.C.Agarwal, (1997) “Indian Political System”, S.Chand and Company, New Delhi. 3. Maciver and Page, “ Society: An Introduction Analysis “, Mac Milan India Ltd., New Delhi. 4. K.L.Sharma, (1997) “Social Stratification in India: Issues and Themes”, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. REFERENCES: 1. Sharma, Brij Kishore, “ Introduction to the Constitution of India:, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi. 2. U.R.Gahai, “Indian Political System “, New Academic Publishing House, Jalaendhar. 3. R.N. Sharma, “Indian Social Problems “, Media Promoters and Publishers Pvt. Ltd. IT2061 SYSTEM MODELING AND SIMULATION L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO SIMULATION 9 Introduction – Simulation Terminologies- Application areas – Model Classification – Types of Simulation- Steps in a Simulation study- Concepts in Discrete Event Simulation - Simulation Examples UNIT II MATHEMATICAL MODELS 9 Statistical Models - Concepts – Discrete Distribution- Continuous Distribution – Poisson Process- Empirical Distributions- Queueing Models – Characteristics- Notation – Queueing Systems – Markovian Models- Properties of random numbers- Generation of Pseudo Random numbers- Techniques for generating random numbers-Testing random number generators- Generating Random-Variates- Inverse Transform technique – Acceptance- Rejection technique – Composition & Convolution Method. UNIT III ANALYSIS OF SIMULATION DATA 9 Input Modeling - Data collection - Assessing sample independence - Hypothesizing distribution family with data - Parameter Estimation - Goodness-of-fit tests - Selecting input models in absence of data- Output analysis for a Single system – Terminating Simulations – Steady state simulations. 42 UNIT IV VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION 9 Model Building – Verification of Simulation Models – Calibration and Validation of Models – Validation of Model Assumptions – Validating Input – Output Transformations. UNIT V SIMULATION OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND CASE STUDIES 9 Simulation Tools – Model Input – High level computer system simulation – CPU – Memory Simulation – Comparison of systems via simulation – Simulation Programming techniques - Development of Simulation models. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Jerry Banks and John Carson, “ Discrete Event System Simulation”, Fourth Edition, PHI, 2005. 2. Geoffrey Gordon, “System Simulation”, Second Edition, PHI, 2006 (Unit – V). REFERENCES: 1. Frank L. Severance, “ System Modeling and Simulation”, Wiley, 2001. 2. Averill M. Law and W.David Kelton, “ Simulation Modeling and Analysis, Third Edition, McGraw Hill, 2006. 3. Jerry Banks, “Handbook of Simulation: Principles, Methodology, Advances, Applications and Practice”, Wiley, 1998. CS2035 NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I 9 Introduction – Models -and Algorithms - The Turing Test -Regular Expressions Basic Regular Expression Patterns -Finite State Automata -Regular Languages and FSAs – Morphology -Inflectional Morphology - Derivational Morphology -Finite-State Morphological Parsing - Combining an FST Lexicon and Rules -Porter Stemmer UNIT II 9 N-grams Models of Syntax - Counting Words - Unsmoothed N-grams – Smoothing- Backoff - Deleted Interpolation – Entropy - English Word Classes - Tagsets for English - Part of Speech Tagging -Rule-Based Part of Speech Tagging - Stochastic Part of Speech Tagging - Transformation-Based Tagging - UNIT III 9 Context Free Grammars for English Syntax- Context-Free Rules and Trees - Sentence- Level Constructions –Agreement – Sub Categorization – Parsing – Top-down – Earley Parsing -Feature Structures - Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars UNIT IV 9 Representing Meaning - Meaning Structure of Language - First Order Predicate Calculus - Representing Linguistically Relevant Concepts -Syntax-Driven Semantic Analysis - Semantic Attachments - Syntax-Driven Analyzer - Robust Analysis - Lexemes and Their Senses - Internal Structure - Word Sense Disambiguation -Information Retrieval 43 UNIT V 9 Discourse -Reference Resolution - Text Coherence -Discourse Structure - Dialog and Conversational Agents - Dialog Acts – Interpretation – Coherence -Conversational Agents - Language Generation – Architecture -Surface Realizations - Discourse Planning – Machine Translation -Transfer Metaphor – Interlingua – Statistical Approaches TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. D. Jurafsky and J. Martin “Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Computational Linguistics, and Speech Recognition”, 2. C. Manning and H. Schutze, “Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing”, REFERENCE: 1. James Allen. “Natural Language Understanding”, Addison Wesley, 1994. CS2056 DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I 9 Characterization of Distributed Systems-Introduction-Examples-Resource Sharing and the Web-Challenges. System Models-Architectural-Fundamental. Interprocess Communication-Introduction-API for Internet protocols-External data representation and marshalling--Client-server communication-Group communication- Case study: Interprocess Communication in UNIX. UNIT II 9 Distributed Objects and Remote Invocation-Introduction-Communication between distributed objects-Remote procedure calls-Events and notifications-Case study: Java RMI. Operating System Support-Introduction-OS layer-Protection-Processes and threads-Communication and invocation OS architecture. UNIT III 9 Distributed File Systems-Introduction-File service architecture-Case Study:Sun Network File System-Enhancements and further developments. Name Services-Introduction-Name Services and the Domain Name System-Directory Services-Case Study: Global Name Service. UNIT IV 9 Time and Global States-Introduction-Clocks, events and process states-Synchronizing physical clocks-Logical time and logical clocks-Global states-Distributed debugging. Coordination and Agreement-Introduction-Distributed mutual exclusion-Elections- Multicast communication-Consensus and related problems. UNIT V 9 Distributed Shared Memory-Introduction-Design and implementation issues-Sequential consistency and Ivy case study Release consistency and Munin case study-Other consistency models.CORBA Case Study- Introduction-CORBA RMI-CORBA services. TOTAL = 45 PERIODS 44 TEXT BOOK: 1. George Coulouris, Jean Dollimore, Tim Kindberg, , "Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design", 4th Edition, Pearson Education, 2005. REFERENCES: 1. A.tS. Tanenbaum and M. V. Steen, "Distributed Systems: Principles and Paradigms", Second Edition, Prentice Hall, 2006. 2. M.L.Liu, “Distributed Computing Principles and Applications”, Pearson Addison Wesley, 2004. 3. Mukesh Singhal, “Advanced Concepts In Operating Systems”, McGrawHill Series in Computer Science, 1994. 4. Nancy A. Lynch, "Distributed Algorithms", The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management System, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2000. GE2023 FUNDAMENTALS OF NANOSCIENCE L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Nanoscale Science and Technology- Implications for Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Engineering-Classifications of nanostructured materials- nano particles- quantum dots, nanowires-ultra-thinfilms-multilayered materials. Length Scales involved and effect on properties: Mechanical, Electronic, Optical, Magnetic and Thermal properties. Introduction to properties and motivation for study (qualitative only). UNIT II PREPARATION METHODS 10 Bottom-up Synthesis-Top-down Approach: Precipitation, Mechanical Milling, Colloidal routes, Self-assembly, Vapour phase deposition, MOCVD, Sputtering, Evaporation, Molecular Beam Epitaxy, Atomic Layer Epitaxy, MOMBE. UNIT III PATTERNING AND LITHOGRAPHY FOR NANOSCALE DEVICES 7 Introduction to optical/UV electron beam and X-ray Lithography systems and processes, Wet etching, dry (Plasma /reactive ion) etching, Etch resists-dip pen lithography UNIT IV PREPARATION ENVIRONMENTS 9 Clean rooms: specifications and design, air and water purity, requirements for particular processes, Vibration free environments: Services and facilities required. Working practices, sample cleaning, Chemical purification, chemical and biological contamination, Safety issues, flammable and toxic hazards, biohazards. UNIT V CHARECTERISATION TECHNIQUES 10 X-ray diffraction technique, Scanning Electron Microscopy - environmental techniques, Transmission Electron Microscopy including high-resolution imaging, Surface Analysis techniques- AFM, SPM, STM, SNOM, ESCA, SIMS-Nanoindentation TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. A.S. Edelstein and R.C. Cammearata, eds., Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications, (Institute of Physics Publishing, Bristol and Philadelphia, 1996) 2. N John Dinardo, Nanoscale charecterisation of surfaces & Interfaces, Second edition, Weinheim Cambridge, Wiley-VCH, 2000 45 REFERENCES: 1. G Timp (Editor), Nanotechnology, AIP press/Springer, 1999 2. Akhlesh Lakhtakia (Editor) The Hand Book of Nano Technology, “Nanometer Structure”, Theory, Modeling and Simulations. Prentice-Hall of India (P) Ltd, New Delhi, 2007. IT2064 SPEECH SIGNAL PROCESSING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I MECHANICS OF SPEECH 9 Speech production: Mechanism of speech production, Acoustic phonetics - Digital models for speech signals - Representations of speech waveform: Sampling speech signals, basics of quantization, delta modulation, and Differential PCM - Auditory perception: psycho acoustics. UNIT II TIME DOMAIN METHODS FOR SPEECH PROCESSING 9 Time domain parameters of Speech signal – Methods for extracting the parameters Energy, Average Magnitude, Zero crossing Rate – Silence Discrimination using ZCR and energy – Short Time Auto Correlation Function – Pitch period estimation using Auto Correlation Function. UNIT III FREQUENCY DOMAIN METHOD FOR SPEECH PROCESSING 9 Short Time Fourier analysis: Fourier transform and linear filtering interpretations, Sampling rates - Spectrographic displays - Pitch and formant extraction - Analysis by Synthesis - Analysis synthesis systems: Phase vocoder, Channel Vocoder - Homomorphic speech analysis: Cepstral analysis of Speech, Formant and Pitch Estimation, Homomorphic Vocoders. UNIT IV LINEAR PREDICTIVE ANALYSIS OF SPEECH 9 Basic Principles of linear predictive analysis – Auto correlation method – Covariance method – Solution of LPC equations – Cholesky method – Durbin’s Recursive algorithm – Application of LPC parameters – Pitch detection using LPC parameters – Formant analysis – VELP – CELP. UNIT V APPLICATION OF SPEECH & AUDIO SIGNAL PROCESSING 9 Algorithms: Dynamic time warping, K-means clustering and Vector quantization, Gaussian mixture modeling, hidden Markov modeling - Automatic Speech Recognition: Feature Extraction for ASR, Deterministic sequence recognition, Statistical Sequence recognition, Language models - Speaker identification and verification – Voice response system – Speech synthesis: basics of articulatory, source-filter, and concatenative synthesis – VOIP TOTAL = 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. L. R. Rabiner and R. W. Schaffer, “Digital Processing of Speech signals”, Prentice Hall, 1978. 2. Ben Gold and Nelson Morgan, “Speech and Audio Signal Processing”, John Wiley and Sons Inc., Singapore, 2004. REFERENCES: 1. Quatieri, “Discrete-time Speech Signal Processing”, Prentice Hall, 2001. 2. L.R. Rabiner and B. H. Juang, “Fundamentals of speech recognition”, Prentice Hall, 1993.

Click here Anna University Syllabus
name and address details of mobile number

http://eeeexclusive.blogspot.com/2011/05/name-and-address-details-of-mobile.html Sharing the precise name and address details of mobile n...
B.E AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING SEMESTER – VI-VIII --ANNA UNIVERSITY CHENNAI :: CHENNAI 600 025 AFFILIATED INSTITUTIONS CURRICULUM – R 2008

ANNA UNIVERSITY CHENNAI :: CHENNAI 600 025 AFFILIATED INSTITUTIONS CURRICULUM – R 2008 B.E AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING SEMESTER – VI (Applicab...
1 AFFILIATED INSTITUTIONS ANNA UNIVERSITY CHENNAI : : CHENNAI 600 025 REGULATIONS - 2008 VI TO VIII SEMESTERS AND ELECTIVES B.E. CIVIL ENGINEERING SEMESTER VI Code No. Course Title L T P C THEORY MG2351 Principles of Management 3 0 0 3 CE2351 Structural Analysis – II 3 1 0 4 CE2352 Design of Steel Structures 3 1 0 4 CE2353 Construction Planning & Scheduling 3 0 0 3 CE2354 Environmental Engineering II 3 0 0 3 E1*** Elective – I 3 0 0 3 PRACTICAL CE2355 Environmental and Irrigation Engineering Drawing 0 0 4 2 CE2356 Environmental Engineering Laboratory 0 0 3 2 CE2357 Survey Camp - - - 3 TOTAL 18 2 7 27 SEMESTER VII Code No. Course Title L T P C THEORY CE2401 Design of RC and Brick Masonry Structures 3 1 0 4 CE2402 Estimation and Quantity Surveying 3 0 0 3 CE2403 Basics of Dynamics and Aseismic Design 3 0 0 3 CE2404 Prestressed Concrete Structures 3 0 0 3 E2*** Elective – II 3 0 0 3 E3*** Elective – III 3 0 0 3 PRACTICAL CE2405 Computer Aided Design and Drafting Laboratory 0 0 4 2 CE2406 Design Project 0 0 4 2 TOTAL 18 1 8 23 SEMESTER VIII Code No. Course Title L T P C THEORY CE2451 Engineering Economics and Cost Analysis 3 0 0 3 E4*** Elective – IV 3 0 0 3 E5*** Elective – V 3 0 0 3 PRACTICAL CE2453 Project Work 0 0 12 6 TOTAL 9 0 15 15 2 LIST OF ELECTIVES SEMESTER VI Code No. Course Title L T P C CE2021 Hydrology 3 0 0 3 CE2022 Cartography 3 0 0 3 CE2023 Electronic Surveying 3 0 0 3 CE2024 Remote Sensing Techniques and GIS 3 0 0 3 CE2025 Architecture 3 0 0 3 GE2021 Professional Ethics in Engineering 3 0 0 3 GE2022 Total Quality Management 3 0 0 3 GE2023 Fundamentals of Nanoscience 3 0 0 3 GE2071 Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) 3 0 0 3 GE2072 Indian Constitution and Society 3 0 0 3 SEMESTER VII Code No. Course Title L T P C CE2026 Traffic Engineering Management 3 0 0 3 CE2027 Housing Planning & Management 3 0 0 3 CE2028 Ground Water Engineering 3 0 0 3 CE2029 Management of Irrigation Systems 3 0 0 3 CE2030 Coastal Zone Management 3 0 0 3 CE2031 Water Resources Engineering 3 0 0 3 CE2032 Pavement Engineering 3 0 0 3 CE2033 Ground Improvement Techniques 3 0 0 3 CE2034 Introduction to Soil Dynamics and Machine Foundations 3 0 0 3 CE2035 Rock Engineering 3 0 0 3 CE2036 Environmental Impact Assessment of Civil Engineering Projects 3 0 0 3 CE2037 Industrial Waste Management 3 0 0 3 CE2038 Air Pollution Management 3 0 0 3 CE2039 Municipal Solid Waste and Management 3 0 0 3 CE2040 Ecological Engineering 3 0 0 3 GE2073 Contract Laws and Regulations 3 0 0 3 SEMESTER VIII Code No. Course Title L T P C CE2041 Bridge Structures 3 0 0 3 CE2042 Storage Structures 3 0 0 3 CE2043 Design of Plate and Shell Structures 3 0 0 3 CE2044 Tall Buildings 3 0 0 3 CE2045 Prefabricated structures 3 0 0 3 CE2046 Wind Engineering 3 0 0 3 CE2047 Computer Aided Design of Structures 3 0 0 3 CE2048 Industrial Structures 3 0 0 3 CE2049 Smart Structures and smart Materials 3 0 0 3 CE2050 Finite Element Techniques 3 0 0 3 CE2071 Repair and Rehabilitation of Structures 3 0 0 3 3 MG2351 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I OVERVIEW OF MANAGEMENT 9 Definition - Management - Role of managers - Evolution of Management thought - Organization and the environmental factors – Trends and Challenges of Management in Global Scenario. UNIT II PLANNING 9 Nature and purpose of planning - Planning process - Types of plans – Objectives - Managing by objective (MBO) Strategies - Types of strategies - Policies - Decision Making - Types of decision - Decision Making Process - Rational Decision Making Process - Decision Making under different conditions. UNIT III ORGANIZING 9 Nature and purpose of organizing - Organization structure - Formal and informal groups I organization - Line and Staff authority - Departmentation - Span of control - Centralization and Decentralization - Delegation of authority - Staffing - Selection and Recruitment - Orientation - Career Development - Career stages – Training - Performance Appraisal. UNIT IV DIRECTING 9 Creativity and Innovation - Motivation and Satisfaction - Motivation Theories - Leadership Styles - Leadership theories - Communication - Barriers to effective communication - Organization Culture - Elements and types of culture - Managing cultural diversity. UNIT V CONTROLLING 9 Process of controlling - Types of control - Budgetary and non-budgetary control techniques - Managing Productivity - Cost Control - Purchase Control - Maintenance Control - Quality Control - Planning operations. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Stephen P. Robbins and Mary Coulter, 'Management', Prentice Hall of India, 8th edition. 2. Charles W L Hill, Steven L McShane, 'Principles of Management', Mcgraw Hill Education, Special Indian Edition, 2007. REFERENCES 1. Hellriegel, Slocum & Jackson, ' Management - A Competency Based Approach', Thomson South Western, 10th edition, 2007. 2. Harold Koontz, Heinz Weihrich and Mark V Cannice, 'Management - A global& Entrepreneurial Perspective', Tata Mcgraw Hill, 12th edition, 2007. 3. Andrew J. Dubrin, 'Essentials of Management', Thomson Southwestern, 7th edition, 2007. 4 CE2351 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS – II L T P C 3 1 0 4 OBJECTIVE  This course is in continuation of Structural Analysis – Classical Methods. Here in advanced method of analysis like Matrix method and Plastic Analysis are covered. Advanced topics such as FE method and Space Structures are covered. UNIT I FLEXIBILITY METHOD 12 Equilibrium and compatibility – Determinate vs Indeterminate structures – Indeterminacy - Primary structure – Compatibility conditions – Analysis of indeterminate pin-jointed plane frames, continuous beams, rigid jointed plane frames (with redundancy restricted to two). UNIT II STIFFNESS MATRIX METHOD 12 Element and global stiffness matrices – Analysis of continuous beams – Co-ordinate transformations – Rotation matrix – Transformations of stiffness matrices, load vectors and displacements vectors – Analysis of pin-jointed plane frames and rigid frames( with redundancy vertical to two) UNIT III FINITE ELEMENT METHOD 12 Introduction – Discretisation of a structure – Displacement functions – Truss element – Beam element – Plane stress and plane strain - Triangular elements UNIT IV PLASTIC ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES 12 Statically indeterminate axial problems – Beams in pure bending – Plastic moment of resistance – Plastic modulus – Shape factor – Load factor – Plastic hinge and mechanism – Plastic analysis of indeterminate beams and frames – Upper and lower bound theorems UNIT V SPACE AND CABLE STRUCTURES 12 Analysis of Space trusses using method of tension coefficients – Beams curved in plan Suspension cables – suspension bridges with two and three hinged stiffening girders L : 45 , T : 15 TOTAL: 60 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1 Vaidyanathan, R. and Perumal, P., “Comprehensive structural Analysis – Vol. I & II”, Laxmi Publications, New Delhi, 2003 2 L.S. Negi & R.S. Jangid, “Structural Analysis”, Tata McGraw-Hill Publications, New Delhi, 2003. 3 BhaviKatti, S.S, “Structural Analysis – Vol. 1 Vol. 2”, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2008 REFERENCES 1. Ghali.A, Nebille,A.M. and Brown,T.G. “Structural Analysis” A unified classical and Matrix approach” –5th edition. Spon Press, London and New York, 2003. 2. Coates R.C, Coutie M.G. and Kong F.K., “Structural Analysis”, ELBS and Nelson, 1990 3. Structural Analysis – A Matrix Approach – G.S. Pandit & S.P. Gupta, Tata McGraw Hill 2004. 4. Matrix Analysis of Framed Structures – Jr. William Weaver & James M. Gere, CBS Publishers and Distributors, Delhi. 5 CE2352 DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES L T P C 3 1 0 4 OBJECTIVE  This course covers the design of structural steel members subjected to compressive, tensile and bending loads, as per current codal provisions (IS 800 - 2007) including connections. Design of structural systems such as roof trusses, gantry girders are included. UNIT I INTRODUCTION 12 Properties of steel – Structural steel sections – Limit State Design Concepts – Loads on Structures – Metal joining methods using rivets, welding, bolting – Design of bolted, riveted and welded joints – Eccentric connections - Efficiency of joints – High Tension bolts UNIT II TENSION MEMBERS 8 Types of sections – Net area – Net effective sections for angles and Tee in tension – Design of connections in tension members – Use of lug angles – Design of tension splice – Concept of shear lag UNIT III COMPRESSION MEMBERS 16 Types of compression members – Theory of columns – Basis of current codal provision for compression member design – Slenderness ratio – Design of single section and compound section compression members – Design of lacing and battening type columns – Design of column bases – Gusseted base UNIT IV BEAMS 12 Design of laterally supported and unsupported beams – Built up beams – Beams subjected to biaxial bending – Design of plate girders riveted and welded – Intermediate and bearing stiffeners – Web splices – Design of beam columns UNIT V ROOF TRUSSES AND INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURES 12 Roof trusses – Roof and side coverings – Design loads, design of purlin and elements of truss; end bearing – Design of gantry girder TUTORIAL: 15 TOTAL: 60 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Dayaratnam, P., “Design of Steel Structures”, Second edition, S. Chand & Company, 2003. 2. Ramachandra, S. and Virendra Gehlot, “Design of Steel Structures – Vol. I & II”, Standard Publication, New Delhi, 2007 REFERENCES 1. “Teaching Resources for Structural Steel Design – Vol. I & II”, INSDAG, Kolkatta. 2. Gaylord, E.H., Gaylord, N.C., and Stallmeyer, J.E., “Design of Steel Structures”, 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill Publications, 1992 3. Negi L.S.. Design of Steel Structures, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, 2007. 4. IS 800-2007 Indian Standard - General Construction in Steel – code of practice (3rd Revision). 6 CE2353 CONSTRUCTION PLANNING & SCHEDULING L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  At the end of this course the student is expected to have learnt how to plan construction projects, schedule the activities using network diagrams, determine the cost of the project, control the cost of the project by creating cash flows and budgeting and how to use the project information as an information and decision making tool. UNIT I CONSTRUCTION PLANNING 6 Basic concepts in the development of construction plans-choice of Technology and Construction method-Defining Work Tasks- Definition- Precedence relationships among activities-Estimating Activity Durations-Estimating Resource Requirements for work activities-coding systems. UNIT II SCHEDULING PROCEDURES AND TECHNIQUES 12 Relevance of construction schedules-Bar charts - The critical path method-Calculations for critical path scheduling-Activity float and schedules-Presenting project schedules-Critical path scheduling for Activity-on-node and with leads, Lags and Windows-Calculations for scheduling with leads, lags and windows-Resource oriented scheduling-Scheduling with resource constraints and precedences -Use of Advanced Scheduling Techniques-Scheduling with uncertain durations-Crashing and time/cost trade offs -Improving the Scheduling process – Introduction to application software. UNIT III COST CONTROL MONITORING AND ACCOUNTING 11 The cost control problem-The project Budget-Forecasting for Activity cost control - financial accounting systems and cost accounts-Control of project cash flows-Schedule control-Schedule and Budget updates-Relating cost and schedule information. UNIT IV QUALITY CONTROL AND SAFETY DURING CONSTRUCTION 8 Quality and safety Concerns in Construction-Organizing for Quality and Safety-Work and Material Specifications-Total Quality control-Quality control by statistical methods -Statistical Quality control with Sampling by Attributes-Statistical Quality control by Sampling and Variables-Safety. UNIT V ORGANIZATION AND USE OF PROJECT INFORMATION 8 Types of project information-Accuracy and Use of Information-Computerized organization and use of Information -Organizing information in databases-relational model of Data bases-Other conceptual Models of Databases-Centralized database Management systems-Databases and application programs-Information transfer and Flow. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Chitkara, K.K. “Construction Project Management Planning”, Scheduling and Control, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi, 1998. 2. Srinath,L.S., “PERT and CPM Priniples and Applications “, Affiliated East West Press, 2001 REFERENCES 1. Chris Hendrickson and Tung Au, “Project Management for Construction – Fundamentals Concepts for Owners”, Engineers, Architects and Builders, Prentice Hall, Pitsburgh, 2000. 2. Moder.J., C.Phillips and Davis, “Project Management with CPM”, PERT and Precedence Diagramming, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., Third Edition, 1983. 3. Willis., E.M., “Scheduling Construction projects”, John Wiley and Sons 1986. 4. Halpin,D.W., “Financial and cost concepts for construction Management”, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1985. 7 CE2354 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING II L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  To educate the students on the principles and design of Sewage Collection, Conveyance, treatment and disposal. UNIT I PLANNING FOR SEWERAGE SYSTEMS 9 Sources of wastewater generation – Effects – Estimation of sanitary sewage flow – Estimation of storm runoff – Factors affecting Characteristics and composition of sewage and their significance – Effluent standards – Legislation requirements. UNIT II SEWER DESIGN 9 Sewerage – Hydraulics of flow in sewers – Objectives – Design period - Design of sanitary and storm sewers – Small bore systems - Computer applications – Laying, joining & testing of sewers – appurtenances – Pumps – selection of pumps and pipe Drainage -. Plumbing System for Buildings – One pipe and two pipe system. UNIT III PRIMARY TREATMENT OF SEWAGE 9 Objective – Unit Operation and Processes – Selection of treatment processes – Onsite sanitation - Septic tank, Grey water harvesting – Primary treatment – Principles, functions design and drawing of screen, grit chambers and primary sedimentation tanks – Operation and Mintenance aspects. UNIT IV SECONDARY TREATMENT OF SEWAGE 9 Objective – Selection of Treatment Methods – Principles, Functions, Design and Drawing of Units - Activated Sludge Process and Trickling filter, other treatment methods – Oxidation ditches, UASB – Waste Stabilization Ponds – Reclamation and Reuse of sewage - Recent Advances in Sewage Treatment – Construction and Operation & Maintenance of Sewage Treatment Plants. UNIT V DISPOSAL OF SEWAGE AND SLUDGE 9 Standards for Disposal - Methods – dilution – Self purification of surface water bodies – Oxygen sag curve – Land disposal – Sewage farming – Deep well injection – Soil dispersion system - Sludge characterization – Thickening – Sludge digestion – Biogas recovery – Sludge Conditioning and Dewatering – disposal – Advances in Sludge Treatment and disposal. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Garg, S.K., Environmental Engineering Vol. II, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 2003. 2. Punmia, B.C., Jain, A.K., and Jain.A., Environmental Engineering, Vol.II, Lakshmi Publications, Newsletter, 2005. REFERENCES 1. Manual on Sewerage and Sewage Treatment, CPHEEO, Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India, New Delhi, 1997. 2. Wastewater Engineering – Treatment and Reuse, Tata Mc.Graw-Hill Company, New Delhi, 2003. 8 CE2355 ENVIRONMENTAL AND IRRIGATION ENGINEERING DRAWING L T P C 0 0 4 2 UNIT I WATER SUPPLY AND TREATMENT 15 Design & Drawing of flash mixer, flocculator, clarifier – Rapid sand filter – Service reservoirs – Pumping station – House service connection for water supply and drainage. UNIT II SEWAGE TREATMENT & DISPOSAL 15 Design and Drawing of screen chamber - Grit channel - Primary clarifier - Activated sludge process – Aeration tank – Secondary clarifiers – Sludge digester – Sludge drying beds – Waste stabilisation ponds - Septic tanks and disposal arrangements – Manholes. UNIT III IMPOUNDING STRUCTURES 10 Gravity dam, Tank Surplus Weir, Tank Sluice with tower road – Drawing showing plan, elevation, half section including foundation details. UNIT IV CANAL TRANSMISSION STRUCTURES 10 Aqueducts – Syphon Aqueducts – Super passage – Canal siphon – Canal Drops- Drawing showing plan, elevation and foundation details. UNIT V CANAL REGULATION STRUCTURES 10 Canal head works- Canal Regulator – Canal escape- Proportional Distributors – Drawing showing detailed plan, elevation and foundation. TOTAL: 60 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Modi, P.N., “Environmental Engineering I & II”, Standard Book House, Delhi – 6 2. Sathyanarayana Murthy “Irrigation Design and Drawing” Published by Mrs L.Banumathi, Tuni east Godavari District. A.P. 1998. 3. Sharma R.K. Irrigation Engineering and Hydraulic Structures Oxford and IBH Publishing co., New Delhi 2002. REFERENCES 1. Peary, H.S., ROWE, D.R., Tchobanoglous, G., “Environmental Engineering”, McGraw- Hill Book Co., New Delhi, 1995. 2. Metcalf & Eddy, “Wastewater Engineering (Treatment and Reuse)”, 4th edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2003. 3. Garg S.K., “Irrigation Environmental Engineering and design StructuresI”, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 17th Reprint, 2003. 4. Manual on Water Supply and Treatment, CPHEEO, Government of India, New Delhi, 1999 5. Manual on Sewerage and Sewage Treatment, CPHEEO, Government of India, New Delhi, 1993. 9 CE2356 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY L T P C 0 0 3 2 OBJECTIVE  This subject includes the list of experiments to be conducted for characterisation of water and municipal sewage. At the end of the course, the student is expected to be aware of the procedure for quantifying quality parameters for water and sewage. LIST OF EXPERIMENTS 1. Sampling and preservation methods and significance of characterisation of water and wastewater. 2. Determination of i) PH and turbidity ii) Hardness 3. Determination of iron & fluoride 4. Determination of residual chlorine 5. Determination of Chlorides 6. Determination of Ammonia Nitrogen 7. Determination of Sulphate 8. Determination of Optimum Coagulant Dosage 9. Determination of available Chlorine in Bleaching powder 10. Determination of dissolved oxygen 11. Determination of suspended, volatile and fixed solids 12. B.O.D. test 13. C.O.D. test 14. Introduction to Bacteriological Analysis (Demonstration only) TOTAL: 45 PERIODS REFERENCES 1. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, APHA, 20th Edition, Washington, 1998 2. Garg, S.K., “Environmental Engineering Vol. I & II”, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi 3. Modi, P.N., “Environmental Engineering Vol. I & II”, Standard Book House, Delhi-6 LIST OF EQUIPMENT (For a batch of 30 students) 1. PH meter - 1 no. 2. Turbidity meter - 1 no. 3. Conductivity meter - 1 No. 4. Refrigerator - 1 No. 5. BOD incubator - 1 No. 6. Muffle furnace - 1 No. 7. Hot air oven - 1 No. 8. Magnetic stirrer with hot plates - 5 Nos. 9. Desicator - 1 No. 10. Jar test apparatus - 1 No. 11. Water bath - 1 No. 12. Furniture - 1 lot 13. Glass waves / Cruicibles - 1 lot 10 14. Chemicals - 1 lot 15. COD apparatus - 1 No. 16. Kjeldane apparatus - 1 No. 17. Heating mantles - 5 Nos. 18. Calorimeter - 1 No. 19. Chlorine comparator - 1 No. 20. Furniture : Work table - 10 Nos. 21. Beaker - 30 Nos. 22. Standard flask - 30 Nos. 23. Burette with stand - 15 Nos. 24. Pipette - 15 Nos. 25. Crucible - 15 Nos. 26. Filtration assembly - 1 No. 27. Chemicals - Lot CE 2357 SURVEY CAMP L T P C 0 0 0 3 Ten days survey camp using Theodolite, cross staff, levelling staff, tapes, plane table and total station. The camp must involve work on a large area of not less than 400 hectares. At the end of the camp, each student shall have mapped and contoured the area. The camp record shall include all original field observations, calculations and plots. (i) Triangulation (ii) Trilateration (iii) Sun / Star observation to determine azimuth (iv) Use of GTS to determine latitude and longitude EVALUATION PROCEDURE 1. Internal Marks : 20 marks (decided by the staff in-charge appointed by the Institution) 2. Evaluation of Survey Camp Report : 30 marks (Evaluated by the external examiner appointed the University) 3. Viva voce examination : 50 marks (evaluated by the internal examiner appointed by the HOD with the approval of HOI and external examiner appointed by the University – with equal Weightage) TOTAL: 100 MARKS 11 CE 2401 DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE & BRICK MASONRY STRUCTURES L T P C 3 1 0 4 OBJECTIVE  This course covers the design of Reinforced Concrete Structures such as Retaining Wall, Water Tanks, Staircases, Flat slabs and Principles of design pertaining to Box culverts, Mat foundation and Bridges. At the end of the course student has a comprehensive design knowledge related to structures, systems that are likely to be encountered in professional practice. UNIT I RETAINING WALLS 12 Design of cantilever and counter fort retaining walls UNIT II WATER TANKS 12 Underground rectangular tanks – Domes – Overhead circular and rectangular tanks – Design of staging and foundations UNIT III SELECTED TOPICS 12 Design of staircases (ordinary and doglegged) – Design of flat slabs – Design of Reinforced concrete walls – Principles of design of mat foundation, box culvert and road bridges UNIT IV YIELD LINE THEORY 12 Application of virtual work method to square, rectangular, circular and triangular slabs UNIT V BRICK MASONRY 12 Introduction, Classification of walls, Lateral supports and stability, effective height of wall and columns, effective length of walls, design loads, load dispersion, permissible stresses, design of axially and eccentrically loaded brick walls L : 45 , T : 15 TOTAL: 60 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Krishna Raju, N., “Design of RC Structures”, CBS Publishers and Distributors, Delhi, 2006 2. Dayaratnam, P., “Brick and Reinforced Brick Structures”, Oxford & IBH Publishing House, 1997 3. Varghese, P.C., “Limit State Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures ”Prentice hall of India Pvt Ltd New Delhi, 2007. REFERENCES 1. Mallick, D.K. and Gupta A.P., “Reinforced Concrete”, Oxford and IBH Publishing Company 2. Syal, I.C. and Goel, A.K., “Reinforced Concrete Structures”, A.H. Wheelers & Co. Pvt. Ltd., 1994 3. Ram Chandra.N. and Virendra Gehlot, “Limit State Design”, Standard Book House.2004. 12 CE 2402 ESTIMATION AND QUANTITY SURVEYING L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  This subject covers the various aspects of estimating of quantities of items of works involved in buildings, water supply and sanitary works, road works and irrigation works. This also covers the rate analysis, valuation of properties and preparation of reports for estimation of various items. At the end of this course the student shall be able to estimate the material quantities, prepare a bill of quantities, make specifications and prepare tender documents. Student should also be able to prepare value estimates. UNIT I ESTIMATE OF BUILDINGS 11 Load bearing and framed structures – Calculation of quantities of brick work, RCC, PCC, Plastering, white washing, colour washing and painting / varnishing for shops, rooms, residential building with flat and pitched roof – Various types of arches – Calculation of brick work and RCC works in arches – Estimate of joineries for panelled and glazed doors, windows, ventilators, handrails etc. UNIT II ESTIMATE OF OTHER STRUCTURES 10 Estimating of septic tank, soak pit – sanitary and water supply installations – water supply pipe line – sewer line – tube well – open well – estimate of bituminous and cement concrete roads – estimate of retaining walls – culverts – estimating of irrigation works – aqueduct, syphon, fall. UNIT III SPECIFICATION AND TENDERS 8 Data – Schedule of rates – Analysis of rates – Specifications – sources – Detailed and general specifications – Tenders – Contracts – Types of contracts – Arbitration and legal requirements. UNIT IV VALUATION 8 Necessity – Basics of value engineering – Capitalised value – Depreciation – Escalation – Value of building – Calculation of Standard rent – Mortgage – Lease UNIT V REPORT PREPARATION 8 Principles for report preparation – report on estimate of residential building – Culvert – Roads – Water supply and sanitary installations – Tube wells – Open wells. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Dutta, B.N., “Estimating and Costing in Civil Engineering”, UBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd., 2003 2. Kohli, D.D and Kohli, R.C., “A Text Book of Estimating and Costing (Civil)”, S.Chand & Company Ltd., 2004 REFERENCE 1. PWD Data Book. 13 CE 2403 BASICS OF DYNAMICS AND ASEISMIC DESIGN L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  The main objective of this course is to introduce to the student the phenomena of earthquakes, the process, measurements and the factors that affect the design of structures in seismic areas. This objective is achieved through imparting rudiments of theory of vibrations necessary to understand and analyse the dynamic forces caused by earthquakes and structures. Further, the student is also taught the codal provisions as well as the aseismic design methodology. UNIT I THEORY OF VIBRATIONS 9 Concept of inertia and damping – Types of Damping – Difference between static forces and dynamic excitation – Degrees of freedom – SDOF idealisation – Equations of motion of SDOF system for mass as well as base excitation – Free vibration of SDOF system – Response to harmonic excitation – Impulse and response to unit impulse – Duhamel integral UNIT II MULTIPLE DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM 9 Two degree of freedom system – Normal modes of vibration – Natural frequencies - Mode shapes - Introduction to MDOF systems – Decoupling of equations of motion – Concept of mode superposition (No derivations). UNIT III ELEMENTS OF SEISMOLOGY 9 Causes of Earthquake – Geological faults – Tectonic plate theory – Elastic rebound – Epicentre – Hypocentre – Primary, shear and Raleigh waves – Seismogram – Magnitude and intensity of earthquakes – Magnitude and Intensity scales – Spectral Acceleration - Information on some disastrous earthquakes UNIT IV RESPONSE OF STRUCTURES TO EARTHQUAKE 9 Response and design spectra – Design earthquake – concept of peak acceleration – Site specific response spectrum – Effect of soil properties and damping – Liquefaction of soils – Importance of ductility – Methods of introducing ductility into RC structures. UNIT V DESIGN METHODOLOGY 9 IS 1893, IS 13920 and IS 4326 – Codal provisions – Design as per the codes – Base isolation techniques – Vibration control measures – Important points in mitigating effects of earthquake on structures. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK 1. Chopra, A.K., “Dynamics of Structures – Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering”, Second Edition, Pearson Education, 2003. REFERENCES 1. Biggs, J.M., “Introduction to Structural Dynamics”, McGraw–Hill Book Co., N.Y., 1964 2. Dowrick, D.J., “Earthquake Resistant Design”, John Wiley & Sons, London, 1977 3. Paz, M., “Structural Dynamics – Theory & Computation”, CSB Publishers & Distributors, Shahdara, Delhi, 1985 4. NPEEE Publications. 14 CE 2404 PRESTRESSED CONCRETE STRUCTURE L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  At the end of this course the student shall have a knowledge of methods of prestressing, advantages of prestressing concrete, the losses involved and the design methods for prestressed concrete elements under codal provisions. UNIT I INTRODUCTION – THEORY AND BEHAVIOUR 9 Basic concepts – Advantages – Materials required – Systems and methods of prestressing – Analysis of sections – Stress concept – Strength concept – Load balancing concept – Effect of loading on the tensile stresses in tendons – Effect of tendon profile on deflections – Factors influencing deflections – Calculation of deflections – Short term and long term deflections - Losses of prestress – Estimation of crack width UNIT II DESIGN CONCEPTS 9 Flexural strength – Simplified procedures as per codes – strain compatibility method – Basic concepts in selection of cross section for bending – stress distribution in end block, Design of anchorage zone reinforcement – Limit state design criteria – Partial prestressing – Applications. UNIT III CIRCULAR PRESTRESSING 9 Design of prestressed concrete tanks – Pipes UNIT IV COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION 9 Analysis for stresses – Estimate for deflections – Flexural and shear strength of composite members UNIT V PRE-STRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGES 9 General aspects – pretensioned prestressed bridge decks – Post tensioned prestressed bridge decks – Principles of design only. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Krishna Raju N., Prestressed concrete, Tata McGraw Hill Company, New Delhi 1998 2. Mallic S.K. and Gupta A.P., Prestressed concrete, Oxford and IBH publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. 1997. 3. Rajagopalan, N, “Prestressed Concrete”, Alpha Science, 2002 REFERENCES 1. Ramaswamy G.S., Modern prestressed concrete design, Arnold Heinimen, New Delhi, 1990 2. Lin T.Y. Design of prestressed concrete structures, Asia Publishing House, Bombay 1995. 3. David A.Sheppard, William R. and Philips, Plant Cast precast and prestressed concrete – A design guide, McGraw Hill, New Delhi 1992. 15 CE 2405 COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN & DRAFTING LABORATORY L T P C 0 0 4 2 OBJECTIVES  At the end of the course the student acquires hands on experience in design and preparation of structural drawings for concrete / steel structures normally encountered in Civil Engineering practice. 1. Design and drawing of RCC cantilever and counterfort type retaining walls with reinforcement details 2. Design of solid slab and RCC Tee beam bridges for IRC loading and reinforcement details 3. Design and drafting of Intz type water tank, Detailing of circular and rectangular water tanks 4. Design of plate girder bridge – Twin Girder deck type railway bridge – Truss Girder bridges – Detailed Drawings including connections TOTAL: 60 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Krishna Raju, “Structural Design & Drawing (Concrete & Steel)”, CBS Publishers 2004. 2. Punmia, B.C., Ashok Kumar Jain, Arun Kumar Jain, “Design of steel structures”, Lakshmi publications Pvt. Ltd 2003. REFERENCES 1. Krishnamurthy, D., “Structural Design & Drawing – Vol. II”, CBS Publishers & Distributors, Delhi 1992. 2. Krishnamurthy, D., “Structural Design & Drawing – Vol. III Steel Structures”, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi 1992. EXAMINATION DURATION 4 HOURS LIST OF EQUIPMENTS 1. Models of Structures - 1 each. 2. Computers Pentium IV - 30 Nos. 3. Analysis and Design Software - Minimum 5 user License - 1 No. 4. Auto CAD Software - Multi user License - 1 No. CE 2406 DESIGN PROJECT L T P C 0 0 4 2 OBJECTIVE  The objective of this course is to impart and improve the design capability of the student. This course conceives purely a design problem in any one of the disciplines of Civil Engineering; e.g., Design of an RC structure, Design of a waste water treatment plant, Design of a foundation system, Design of traffic intersection etc. The design problem can be allotted to either an individual student or a group of students comprising of not more than four. At the end of the course the group should submit a complete report on the design problem consisting of the data given, the design calculations, specifications if any and complete set of drawings which follow th e desig n. TOTAL: 60 PERIODS 16 EVALUATION PROCEDURE The method of evaluation will be as follows: 1. Internal Marks : 20 marks (Decided by conducting 3 reviews by the guide appointed by the Institution) 2. Evaluation of Project Report : 30 marks (Evaluated by the external examiner appointed the University). Every student belonging to the same group gets the same mark 3. Viva voce examination : 50 marks (Evaluated by the internal examiner appointed by the HOD with the approval of HOI, external examiner appointed by the University and Guide of the course – with equal Weightage) TOTAL: 100 MARKS CE 2451 ENGINEERING ECONOMICS AND COST ANALYSIS L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  The main objective of this course is to make the Civil Engineering student know about the basic law of economics, how to organise a business, the financial aspects related to business, different methods of appraisal of projects and pricing techniques. At the end of this course the student shall have the knowledge of how to start a construction business, how to get finances, how to account, how to price and bid and how to assess the health of a project. UNIT I BASIC ECONOMICS 7 Definition of economics - nature and scope of economic science - nature and scope of managerial economics - basic terms and concepts - goods - utility - value - wealth - factors of production - land - its peculiarities - labour - economies of large and small scale - consumption - wants - its characteristics and classification - law of diminishing marginal utility - relation between economic decision and technical decision. UNIT II DEMAND AND SCHEDULE 8 Demand - demand schedule - demand curve - law of demand - elasticity of demand - types of elasticity - factors determining elasticity - measurement - its significance - supply - supply schedule - supply curve - law of supply - elasticity of supply - time element in the determination of value - market price and normal price - perfect competition - monopoly - monopolistic competition. UNIT III ORGANISATION 8 Forms of business - proprietorship - partnership - joint stock company - cooperative organisation - state enterprise - mixed economy - money and banking - banking - kinds - commercial banks - central banking functions - control of credit - monetary policy - credit instrument. UNIT IV FINANCING 9 Types of financing - Short term borrowing - Long term borrowing - Internal generation of funds - External commercial borrowings - Assistance from government budgeting support and international finance corporations - analysis of financial statement – Balance Sheet - Profit and Loss account - Funds flow statement. 17 UNIT V COST AND BREAK EVEN ANALYSES 13 Types of costing – traditional costing approach - activity base costing - Fixed Cost – variable cost – marginal cost – cost output relationship in the short run and in long run – pricing practice – full cost pricing – marginal cost pricing – going rate pricing – bid pricing – pricing for a rate of return – appraising project profitability –internal rate of return – pay back period – net present value – cost benefit analysis – feasibility reports – appraisal process – technical feasibilityeconomic feasibility – financial feasibility. Break even analysis - basic assumptions – break even chart – managerial uses of break even analysis. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Dewett K.K. & Varma J.D., Elementary Economic Theory, S Chand & Co., 2006 2. Sharma JC “Construction Management and Accounts” Satya Prakashan, New Delhi. REFERENCES 1. Barthwal R.R., Industrial Economics - An Introductory Text Book, New Age 2. Jhingan M.L., Micro Economic Theory, Konark 3. Samuelson P.A., Economics - An Introductory Analysis, McGraw-Hill 4. Adhikary M., Managerial Economics 5. Khan MY and Jain PK “Financial Management” McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., Ltd 6. Varshney RL and Maheshwary KL “ Managerial Economics” S Chand and Co CE 2453 PROJECT WORK L T P C 0 0 12 6 OBJECTIVE The objective of the project work is to enable the students to work in convenient groups of not more than four members in a group on a project involving theoretical and experimental studies related to Civil Engineering. Every Project Work shall have a Guide who is a member of the faculty of Civil Engineering of the college where the student is registered. The hours allotted for this course shall be utilized by the students to receive directions from the Guide, on library reading, laboratory work, computer analysis or field work and also to present in periodical seminars the progress made in the project. Each student shall finally produce a comprehensive report covering background information, literature Survey, problem statement, Project work details and conclusions. This experience of project work shall help the student in expanding his / her knowledge base and also provide opportunity to utilise the creative ability and inference capability. TOTAL: 180 PERIODS EVALUATION PROCEDURE The method of evaluation will be as follows: 1. Internal Marks : 20 marks (decided by conducting 3 reviews by the guide appointed by the Institution) 2. Evaluation of Project Report : 30 marks (Evaluated by the external examiner appointed the University). Every student belonging to the same group gets the same mark 18 3. Viva voce examination : 50 marks (evaluated by the internal examiner appointed by the HOD with the approval of HOI, external examiner appointed by the University and Guide of the course – with equal Weightage) TOTAL: 100 MARKS CE 2021 HYDROLOGY L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  At the end of the semester, the student shall be having a good understanding of all the components of the hydrological cycle. The mechanics of rainfall, its spatial and temporal measurement and their applications will be understood. Simple statistical analysis and application of probability distribution of rainfall and run off shall also be understood. Student will also learn simple methods of flood routing and ground water hydrology. UNIT I PRECIPITATION 9 Hydrologic cycle – Types of precipitation – Forms of precipitation – Measurement of Rainfall – Spatial measurement methods – Temporal measurement methods – Frequency analysis of point rainfall – Intensity, duration, frequency relationship – Probable maximum precipitation. UNIT II ABSTRACTION FROM PRECIPITATION 9 Losses from precipitation – Evaporation process – Reservoir evaporation – Infiltration process – Infiltration capacity – Measurement of infiltration – Infiltration indices – Effective rainfall. UNIT III HYDROGRAPHS 9 Factors affecting Hydrograph – Baseflow separation – Unit hydrograph – Derivation of unit hydrograph – S curve hydrograph – Unit hydrograph of different deviations - Synthetic Unit Hydrograph UNIT IV FLOODS AND FLOOD ROUTING 9 Flood frequency studies – Recurrence interval – Gumbel’s method – Flood routing – Reservoir flood routing – Muskingum’s Channel Routing – Flood control UNIT V GROUND WATER HYDROLOGY 9 Types of aquifers – Darcy’s law – Dupuit’s assumptions – Confined Aquifer – Unconfined Aquifer – Recuperation test – Transmissibility – Specific capacity – Pumping test – Steady flow analysis only. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Subramanya, K., “Engineering Hydrology”, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., Ltd., 2000 2. Raghunath, H.M., “Hydrology”, Wiley Eastern Ltd., 2000 REFERENCES 1. Chow, V.T. and Maidment, “Hydrology for Engineers”, McGraw-Hill Inc., Ltd., 2000 2. Singh, V.P., “Hydrology”, McGraw-Hill Inc., Ltd., 2000. 19 CE 2022 CARTOGRAPHY L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  At the end of the course the student will posses knowledge about Cartographic Concepts. UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Cartography today - Nature of Cartography - History of Cartography - Graticules - Cartometry. UNIT II EARTH 9 Earth-Map Relations - Basic Geodesy - Map Projections, Scale, Reference and Coordinate system - Transformation - Basic Transformation - Affin Transformation. UNIT III SOURCES OF DATA 9 Sources of data - Ground Survey and Positioning - Remote Sensing data collection - Census and sampling - data - Models for digital cartographic information, Map digitizing. UNIT IV PERCEPTION AND DESIGN 9 Cartographic design - Color theory and models - Color and pattern creation and specification - Color and pattern - Typography and lettering the map - Map compilation. UNIT V CARTOGRAPHY ABSTRACTION 9 Selection and Generalisation Principles - Symbolisation - Topographic and thematic maps - Map production and Reproduction - Map series. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. R.W. ANSON and F.J. ORMELING, Basic Cartography for students and Technicians. Vol. I, II and III, Elsevrir Applied Science Publishers 2nd Edition, 1994. 2. ARTHUR, H. ROBINSON Et al Elements of Cartography, Sixth Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 1995. 3. John Campbell, Introductory Cartography Second Edition, 1994. Wm.C. Brown Publishers. 4. M.J.Kraak and F.J. Ormeling, Cartography: Visualisation and spatial data. Prentice Hall – 1996. CE 2023 ELECTRONIC SURVEYING L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  At the end of the course the student will posses knowledge about Electronic surveying UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS 7 Methods of measuring distance, historical development, basic principles of EDM, classifications, applications and comparison with conventional surveying. UNIT II BASIC ELETRONICS 8 Fundamentals of electronics, resonant circuits, semiconductors, Lasers, Cathode ray tube, photo multiplier tube, transducers, oscillators, frequency mixing, modulation and demodulation, Kerrcell modulator, measurement of phase difference, reflectors and power sources. 20 UNIT III PROPAGATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES 11 Definition, classification, applications, propagation properties, wave propagation at lower and higher frequencies. Refractive index, factors affecting, computation of group refractive index for light and near infrared waves at standard conditions and ambient conditions, reference refractive index, first velocity correction, computation of refractive index for microwaves, measurement of atmospheric parameters, mean refractive index, real time application of first velocity correction, second velocity correction and total atmospheric correction. UNIT IV ELECTROMAGNETIC DISTANCE MEASURING SYSTEM 11 Electro-optical system, measuring principle, working principle, sources of error, infrared EDM instruments, Laser EDM instruments and total station. Microwave system, measuring principle, working principle, sources of error, microwave EDM instruments, comparison with Electrooptical system, care and maintenance of EDM instruments, Modern Positioning Systems. EDM traversing, trilateration and base line measurement using EDM. UNIT V FIELD STUDIES 8 Study o different EDM instruments and Total Station. EDM traversing, trilateration and base line measurement using EDM. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS REFERENCES 1. Burnside, C.D. Electromagnetic distance measurement Crosby Lock wood staples, U.K. 1971. 2. Rueger, J.M. Electronic Distance Measurement, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1990. 3. Laurila, S.H. Electronic Surveying in Practice, John Wiley and Sons Inc, 1983. 4. Soastamoinen, J.J. Surveyor’s guide to electro-magnetic Distance Measurement, Adam Hilger Ltd., 1967. CE2024 REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES AND GIS L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  To introduce the students to the basic concepts and principles of various components of remote sensing.  To provide an exposure to GIS and its practical applications in civil engineering. UNIT I EMR AND ITS INTERACTION WITH ATMOSPHERE & EARTH MATERIAL 9 Definition of remote sensing and its components – Electromagnetic spectrum – wavelength regions important to remote sensing – Wave theory, Particle theory, Stefan-Boltzman and Wein’s Displacement Law – Atmospheric scattering, absorption – Atmospheric windows – spectral signature concepts – typical spectral reflective characteristics of water, vegetation and soil. UNIT II PLATFORMS AND SENSORS 9 Types of platforms – orbit types, Sun-synchronous and Geosynchronous – Passive and Active sensors – resolution concept – Pay load description of important Earth Resources and Meteorological satellites – Airborne and spaceborne TIR and microwave sensors. UNIT III IMAGE INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS 9 Types of Data Products – types of image interpretation – basic elements of image interpretation - visual interpretation keys – Digital Image Processing – Pre-processing – image enhancement techniques – multispectral image classification – Supervised and unsupervised. 21 UNIT IV GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM 9 Introduction – Maps – Definitions – Map projections – types of map projections – map analysis – GIS definition – basic components of GIS – standard GIS softwares – Data type – Spatial and non-spatial (attribute) data – measurement scales – Data Base Management Systems (DBMS). UNIT V DATA ENTRY, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS 9 Data models – vector and raster data – data compression – data input by digitization and scanning – attribute data analysis – integrated data analysis – Modeling in GIS Highway alignment studies – Land Information System. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Lillesand, T.M., Kiefer, R.W. and J.W.Chipman. (2004). Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation. V Edn. John Willey and Sons (Asia) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. Pp:763. 2. Anji Reddy, M. (2001). Textbook of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System. Second edn. BS Publications, Hyderabad. REFERENCES 1. Lo. C.P.and A.K.W.Yeung (2002). Concepts and Techniques of Geographic Information Systems. Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. Pp:492. 2. Peter A.Burrough, Rachael A.McDonnell (2000). Principles of GIS. Oxford University Press. 3. Ian Heywood (2000). An Introduction to GIS. Pearson Education Asia. CE 2025 ARCHITECTURE L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  To provide the basic knowledge on the principles of design of buildings relating to the environment and climate. UNIT I ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 8 Architectural Design – an analysis – integration of function and aesthetics – Introduction to basic elements and principles of design. UNIT II SITE PLANNING 9 Surveys – Site analysis – Development Control – Layout regulations- Layout design concepts. UNIT III BUILDING TYPES 12 Residential, institutional, commercial and Industrial – Application of anthropometry and space standards-Inter relationships of functions – Safety standards – Building rules and regulations – Integration of building services – Interior design UNIT IV CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIVE DESIGN 8 Man and environment interaction- Factors that determine climate – Characteristics of climate types – Design for various climate types – Passive and active energy controls – Green building concept UNIT V TOWN PLANNING 8 Planning – Definition, concepts and processes- Urban planning standards and zoning regulations- Urban renewal – Conservation – Principles of Landscape desi gn TOTAL: 45 PERIODS 22 REFERENCES 1. Francis D.K. Ching, “Architecture: Form, Space and Order”, VNR, N.Y., 1999. 2. Givoni B., “Man Climate and Architecture”, Applied Science, Barking ESSEX, 1982 3. Edward D.Mills, “Planning and Architects Handbook”, Butterworth London, 1995. 4. Gallian B.Arthur and Simon Eisner, “The Urban Pattern – City Planning and Design”, Affiliated Press Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1995. 5. Margaret Robert, “An Introduction to Town Planning Techniques”, HutchinsoLondon , 1990. GE 2021 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I ENGINEERING ETHICS 9 Senses of ‘Engineering Ethics’ – Variety of moral issues – Types of inquiry – Moral dilemmas – Moral Autonomy – Kohlberg’s theory – Gilligan’s theory – Consensus and Controversy – Professions and Professionalism – Professional Ideals and Virtues – Uses of Ethical Theories. UNIT II ENGINEERING AS SOCIAL EXPERIMENTATION 9 Engineering as Experimentation – Engineers as responsible Experimenters – Research Ethics - Codes of Ethics – Industrial Standards - A Balanced Outlook on Law – The Challenger Case Study UNIT III ENGINEER’S RESPONSIBILITY FOR SAFETY 9 Safety and Risk – Assessment of Safety and Risk – Risk Benefit Analysis – Reducing Risk – The Government Regulator’s Approach to Risk - Chernobyl Case Studies and Bhopal UNIT IV RESPONSIBILITIES AND RIGHTS 9 Collegiality and Loyalty – Respect for Authority – Collective Bargaining – Confidentiality – Conflicts of Interest – Occupational Crime – Professional Rights – Employee Rights – Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) - Discrimination UNIT V GLOBAL ISSUES 9 Multinational Corporations – Business Ethics - Environmental Ethics – Computer Ethics - Role in Technological Development – Weapons Development – Engineers as Managers – Consulting Engineers – Engineers as Expert Witnesses and Advisors – Honesty – Moral Leadership – Sample Code of Conduct TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, “Ethics in Engineering”, McGraw Hill, New York, 2005. 2. Charles E Harris, Michael S Pritchard and Michael J Rabins, “Engineering Ethics – Concepts and Cases”, Thompson Learning, 2000. REFERENCES 1. Charles D Fleddermann, “Engineering Ethics”, Prentice Hall, New Mexico, 1999. 2. John R Boatright, “Ethics and the Conduct of Business”, Pearson Education, 2003 3. Edmund G Seebauer and Robert L Barry, “Fundamentals of Ethics for Scientists and Engineers”, Oxford University Press, 2001. 4. Prof. (Col) P S Bajaj and Dr. Raj Agrawal, “Business Ethics – An Indian Perspective”, Biztantra, New Delhi, 2004. 5. David Ermann and Michele S Shauf, “Computers, Ethics and Society”, Oxford University Press, (2003). 23 GE 2022 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Introduction - Need for quality - Evolution of quality - Definition of quality - Dimensions of manufacturing and service quality - Basic concepts of TQM - Definition of TQM – TQM Framework - Contributions of Deming, Juran and Crosby – Barriers to TQM. UNIT II TQM PRINCIPLES 9 Leadership – Strategic quality planning, Quality statements - Customer focus – Customer orientation, Customer satisfaction, Customer complaints, Customer retention - Employee involvement – Motivation, Empowerment, Team and Teamwork, Recognition and Reward, Performance appraisal - Continuous process improvement – PDSA cycle, 5s, Kaizen - Supplier partnership – Partnering, Supplier selection, Supplier Rating. UNIT III TQM TOOLS & TECHNIQUES I 9 The seven traditional tools of quality – New management tools – Six-sigma: Concepts, methodology, applications to manufacturing, service sector including IT – Bench marking – Reason to bench mark, Bench marking process – FMEA – Stages, Types. UNIT IV TQM TOOLS & TECHNIQUES II 9 Quality circles – Quality Function Deployment (QFD) – Taguchi quality loss function – TPM – Concepts, improvement needs – Cost of Quality – Performance measures. UNIT V QUALITY SYSTEMS 9 Need for ISO 9000- ISO 9000-2000 Quality System – Elements, Documentation, Quality auditing- QS 9000 – ISO 14000 – Concepts, Requirements and Benefits – Case studies of TQM implementation in manufacturing and service sectors including IT. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK 1. Dale H.Besterfiled, et at., “Total Quality Management”, Pearson Education Asia, 3rd Edition, Indian Reprint (2006). REFERENCES 1. James R. Evans and William M. Lindsay, “The Management and Control of Quality”, 6th Edition, South-Western (Thomson Learning), 2005. 2. Oakland, J.S., “TQM – Text with Cases”, Butterworth – Heinemann Ltd., Oxford, 3rd Edition, 2003. 3. Suganthi,L and Anand Samuel, “Total Quality Management”, Prentice Hall (India) Pvt. Ltd.,2006. 4. Janakiraman, B and Gopal, R.K, “Total Quality Management – Text and Cases”, Prentice Hall (India) Pvt. Ltd., 2006. GE 2023 FUNDAMENTALS OF NANOSCIENCE L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Nanoscale Science and Technology- Implications for Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Engineering-Classifications of nanostructured materials- nano particles- quantum dots, nanowires-ultra-thinfilms-multilayered materials. Length Scales involved and effect on properties: Mechanical, Electronic, Optical, Magnetic and Thermal properties. Introduction to properties and motivation for study (qualitative only). 24 UNIT II PREPARATION METHODS 10 Bottom-up Synthesis-Top-down Approach: Precipitation, Mechanical Milling, Colloidal routes, Self-assembly, Vapour phase deposition, MOCVD, Sputtering, Evaporation, Molecular Beam Epitaxy, Atomic Layer Epitaxy, MOMBE. UNIT III PATTERNING AND LITHOGRAPHY FOR NANOSCALE DEVICES 7 Introduction to optical/UV electron beam and X-ray Lithography systems and processes, Wet etching, dry (Plasma /reactive ion) etching, Etch resists-dip pen lithography UNIT IV PREPARATION ENVIRONMENTS 9 Clean rooms: specifications and design, air and water purity, requirements for particular processes, Vibration free environments: Services and facilities required. Working practices, sample cleaning, Chemical purification, chemical and biological contamination, Safety issues, flammable and toxic hazards, biohazards. UNIT V CHARECTERISATION TECHNIQUES 10 X-ray diffraction technique, Scanning Electron Microscopy - environmental techniques, Transmission Electron Microscopy including high-resolution imaging, Surface Analysis techniques- AFM, SPM, STM, SNOM, ESCA, SIMS-Nanoindentation TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. A.S. Edelstein and R.C. Cammearata, eds., “Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications”, Institute of Physics Publishing, Bristol and Philadelphia, 1996. 2. N John Dinardo, “Nanoscale charecterisation of surfaces & Interfaces”, 2nd edition, Weinheim Cambridge, Wiley-VCH, 2000 REFERENCES 1. G Timp (Editor), “Nanotechnology”, AIP press/Springer, 1999. 2. Akhlesh Lakhtakia (Editor), “The Hand Book of Nano Technology, Nanometer Structure, Theory, Modeling and Simulations”. Prentice-Hall of India (P) Ltd, New Delhi, 2007. GE2071 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (IPR) L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I 9 Introduction – Invention and Creativity – Intellectual Property (IP) – Importance – Protection of IPR – Basic types of property (i). Movable Property - Immovable Property and - Intellectual Property. UNIT II 9 IP – Patents – Copyrights and related rights – Trade Marks and rights arising from Trademark registration – Definitions – Industrial Designs and Integrated circuits – Protection of Geographical Indications at national and International levels – Application Procedures.. UNIT III 9 International convention relating to Intellectual Property – Establishment of WIPO – Mission and Activities – History – General Agreement on Trade and Tariff (GATT) – TRIPS Agreement. UNIT IV 9 Indian Position Vs WTO and Strategies – Indian IPR legislations – commitments to WTO-Patent Ordinance and the Bill – Draft of a national Intellectual Property Policy – Present against unfair competition. 25 UNIT V 9 Case Studies on – Patents (Basumati rice, turmeric, Neem, etc.) – Copyright and related rights – Trade Marks – Industrial design and Integrated circuits – Geographic indications – Protection against unfair competition. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK 1. Subbaram N.R. “Handbook of Indian Patent Law and Practice “, S. Viswanathan Printers and Publishers Pvt. Ltd., 1998. REFERENCES 1. Eli Whitney, United States Patent Number: 72X, Cotton Gin, March 14, 1794. 2. Intellectual Property Today: Volume 8, No. 5, May 2001, [www.iptoday.com]. 3. Using the Internet for non-patent prior art searches, Derwent IP Matters, July 2000. www.ipmatters.net/features/000707_gibbs.html. GE 2072 INDIAN CONSTITUTION AND SOCIETY L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I 9 Historical Background – Constituent Assembly of India – Philosophical foundations of the Indian Constitution – Preamble – Fundamental Rights – Directive Principles of State Policy – Fundamental Duties – Citizenship – Constitutional Remedies for citizens. UNIT II 9 Union Government – Structures of the Union Government and Functions – President – Vice President – Prime Minister – Cabinet – Parliament – Supreme Court of India – Judicial Review. UNIT III 9 State Government – Structure and Functions – Governor – Chief Minister – Cabinet – State Legislature – Judicial System in States – High Courts and other Subordinate Courts. UNIT IV 9 Indian Federal System – Center – State Relations – President’s Rule – Constitutional Amendments – Constitutional Functionaries - Assessment of working of the Parliamentary System in India. UNIT V 9 Society : Nature, Meaning and definition; Indian Social Structure; Castle, Religion, Language in India; Constitutional Remedies for citizens – Political Parties and Pressure Groups; Right of Women, Children and Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and other Weaker Sections. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Durga Das Basu, “ Introduction to the Constitution of India “, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi. 2. R.C.Agarwal, “ (1997) Indian Political System “, S.Chand and Company, New Delhi. 3. Maciver and Page, “ Society: An Introduction Analysis “, Mac Milan India Ltd.,New Delhi. 4. K.L.Sharma, “ (1997) Social Stratification in India: Issues and Themes “, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. 26 REFERENCES 1. Sharma, Brij Kishore, “ Introduction to the Constitution of India:, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi. 2. U.R.Gahai, “ (1998) Indian Political System “, New Academic Publishing House, Jalaendhar. 3. R.N. Sharma, “ Indian Social Problems “, Media Promoters and Publishers Pvt. Ltd. 4. Yogendra Singh, “ (1997) Social Stratification and Charge in India “, Manohar, New Delhi. CE 2026 TRAFFIC ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  The students acquire comprehensive knowledge of traffic surveys and studies such as ‘Volume Count’, ‘Speed and delay’, ‘Origin and destination’, ‘Parking’, ‘Pedestrian’ and ‘Accident surveys’. They achieve knowledge on design of ‘at grade’ and ‘grade separated’ intersections. They also become familiar with various traffic control and traffic management measures. UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Significance and scope, Characteristics of Vehicles and Road Users, Skid Resistance and Braking Efficiency (Problems), Components of Traffic Engineering- Road, Traffic and Land Use Characteristics UNIT II TRAFFIC SURVEYS AND ANALYSIS 9 Surveys and Analysis - Volume, Capacity, Speed and Delays, Origin and Destination, Parking, Pedestrian Studies, Accident Studies and Safety Level of Services- Basic principles of Traffic Flow. UNIT III TRAFFIC CONTROL 9 Traffic signs, Road markings, Design of Traffic signals and Signal co-ordination (Problems), Traffic control aids and Street furniture, Street Lighting, Computer applications in Signal design UNIT IV GEOMETRIC DESIGN OF INTERSECTIONS 9 Conflicts at Intersections, Classification of ‘At Grade Intersections, - Channallised Intersections - Principles of Intersection Design, Elements of Intersection Design, Rotary design, Grade Separation and interchanges - Design principles. UNIT V TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT 9 Traffic Management- Transportation System Management (TSM) - Travel Demand Management (TDM), Traffic Forecasting techniques, Restrictions on turning movements, Oneway Streets, Traffic Segregation, Traffic Calming, Tidal flow operations, Exclusive Bus Lanes, Introduction to Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Kadiyali L R, Traffic Engineering and Transport Planning, Khanna Technical Publications, Delhi, 2000. 2. Khanna K and Justo C E G, Highway Engineering, Khanna Publishers, Roorkee, 2001. 27 REFERENCES 1. Indian Roads Congress (IRC) specifications: Guidelines and special publications on Traffic Planning and Management 2. Guidelines of Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India. 3. Subhash C.Saxena, A Course in Traffic Planning and Design, Dhanpat Rai Publications, New Delhi, 1989. 4. Transportation Engineering – An Introduction, C.Jotin Khisty, B.Kent Lall, Prentice Hall of India Pvt Ltd, 2006. CE 2027 HOUSING PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  The objective of the course is to train the students to have a comprehensive knowledge of planning, design, evaluation, construction and financing of housing projects. The course focuses on cost effective construction materials and methods. Emphasis has also been given on the principles of sustainable housing policies and programmes. UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO HOUSING 9 Definition of Basic Terms – House, Home, Household, Apartments, Multi storeyed Buildings, Special Buildings, Objectives and Strategies of National Housing Policies, Principle of Sustainable Housing, Housing Laws at State level, Bye-laws at Urban and Rural Local Bodies – levels - Development Control Regulations, Institutions for Housing at National, State and Local levels UNIT II HOUSING PROGRAMMES 9 Basic Concepts, Contents and Standards for Housing Programmes - Sites and Services, Neighborhoods, Open Development Plots, Apartments, Rental Housing, Co-operative Housing, Slum Housing Programmes, Role of Public, Private and Non-Government Organizations UNIT III PLANNING AND DESIGN OF HOUSING PROJECTS 9 Formulation of Housing Projects – Site Analysis, Layout Design, Design of Housing Units (Design Problems) UNIT IV CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES AND COST-EFFECTIVE MATERIALS 9 New Constructions Techniques – Cost Effective Modern Construction Materials, Building Centers – Concept, Functions and Performance Evaluation UNIT V HOUSING FINANCE AND PROJECT APPRAISAL 9 Appraisal of Housing Projects – Housing Finance, Cost Recovery – Cash Flow Analysis, Subsidy and Cross Subsidy, Pricing o f Housing Units, Rents, Recovery Pattern (Problems). TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Meera Mehta and Dinesh Mehta, Metropolitan Housing Markets, Sage Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1999. 2. Francis Cherunilam and Odeyar D Heggade, Housing in India, Himalaya Publishing House, Bombay, 1997. REFERENCES 1. Development Control Rules for Chennai Metropolitan Area, CMA, Chennai, 2002. 2. UNCHS, National Experiences with Shelter Delivery for the Poorest Groups, UNCHS (Habitat), Nairobi, 1994. 3. National Housing Policy, 1994, Government of India. 28 CE 2028 GROUND WATER ENGINEERING L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  To understand the distribution of ground water, evaluation of aquifer parameters, solving ground water equations. Ground water quality and development of ground water methods are dealt. UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF GROUND WATER 9 Introduction – Characteristic of Ground water – Distribution of water - ground water column – Permeability - Darcy's Law - Types of aquifers - Hydrogeological Cycle – water level fluctuations. UNIT II HYDRAULICS OF FLOW 9 Storage coefficient - Specific field - Heterogeneity and Anisotrophy -Transmissivity - Governing equations of ground water flow - Steady state flow - Dupuit Forchheimer assumptions - Velocity potential - Flow nets UNIT III ESTIMATION OF PARAMETERS 9 Transmissivity and Storativity – Pumping test - Unsteady state flow - Thiess method - Jacob method - Image well theory – Effect of partial penetrations of wells - Collectors wells. UNIT IV GROUND WATER DEVELOPMENT 9 Infiltration gallery - Conjunctive use - Artificial recharge Rainwater harvesting - Safe yield -Yield test – Geophysical methods – Selection of pumps. UNIT V WATER QUALITY 9 Ground water chemistry - Origin, movement and quality - Water quality standards - Saltwater intrusion –Environmental concern TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Raghunath H.M., “Ground Water Hydrology”, Wiley Eastern Ltd., 2000. 2. Todd D.K., “Ground Water Hydrology”, John Wiley and Sons, 2000. REFERENCE 1. C Walton, “Ground Water Resource Evaluation”, McGraw-Hill Publications. CE 2029 MANAGEMENT OF IRRIGATION SYSTEMS L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  At the end of the semester, the student shall have a clear concept of irrigation water management practices of the past, present and future. He/she shall also be able to appreciate the importance due and duly given to stake holders. UNIT I IRRIGATION SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS 9 Irrigation systems – Supply and demand of water – Cropping pattern – Crop rotation – Crop diversification – Estimation of total and peak crop water requirements – Effective and dependable rainfall – Irrigation efficiencies. UNIT II IRRIGATION SCHEDULING 8 Time of irrigation – Critical stages of water need of crops – Criteria for scheduling irrigation – Frequency and interval of irrigation. 29 UNIT III MANAGEMENT 9 Structural and non-structural strategies in water use and management – Conjunctive use of surface and ground waters – Quality of irrigation water. UNIT IV OPERATION 9 Operational plans – Main canals, laterals and field channels – Water control and regulating structures – Performance indicators – Case study UNIT V INVOLVEMENT OF STAKE HOLDERS 10 Farmer’s participation in System operation – Water user’s associations – Farmer councils – Changing paradigms on irrigation management – Participatory irrigation management TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Dilip Kumar Majumdar, “Irrigation Water Management – Principles and Practice”, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2000 2. Hand book on Irrigation Water Requirement, R.T. Gandhi, et. al., Water Management Division, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, New Delhi REFERENCES 1. Hand Book on Irrigation System Operation Practices, Water Resources Management and Training Project, Technical report No. 33, CWC, New Delhi, 1990 2. Maloney, C. and Raju, K.V., “Managing Irrigation Together”, Practice and Policy in India, Stage Publication, New Delhi, India, 1994. CE 2030 COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  At the end of the semester, the student shall be able to understand the coastal processes, coastal dynamics, impacts of structures like docks, harbours and quays leading to simple management perspectives along the coastal zone. UNIT I COASTAL ZONE 9 Coastal zone – Coastal zone regulations – Beach profile – Surf zone – Off shore – Coastal waters – Estuaries – Wet lands and Lagoons – Living resources – Non living resources. UNIT II WAVE DYNAMICS 10 Wave classification – Airy’s Linear Wave theory – Deep water waves – Shallow water waves – Wave pressure – Wave energy – Wave Decay – Reflection, Refraction and Diffraction of waves – Breaking of waves – Wave force on structures – Vertical – Sloping and stepped barriers – Force on piles. UNIT III WAVE FORECASTING AND TIDES 9 Need for forecasting - SMB and PNJ methods of wave forecasting – Classification of tides – Darwin’s equilibrium theory of tides – Effects on structures – seiches, Surges and Tsunamis. UNIT IV COASTAL PROCESSES 8 Erosion and depositional shore features – Methods of protection – Littoral currents – Coastal aquifers – Sea water intrusion – Impact of sewage disposal in seas. UNIT V HARBOURS 9 Structures near coast – Selection of site – Types and selection of break waters – Need and mode of dredging – Selection of dredgers – Effect of Mangalore forest. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS 30 TEXT BOOKS 1. Richard Sylvester, “Coastal Engineering, Volume I and II”, Elseiner Scientific Publishing Co., 1999 2. Quinn, A.D., “Design & Construction of Ports and Marine Structures”, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1999 REFERENCES 1. Ed. A.T. Ippen, “Coastline Hydrodynamics”, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1993 2. Dwivedi, S.N., Natarajan, R and Ramachandran, S., “Coastal Zone Management in Tamilnadu”. CE 2031 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  The student is exposed to the different phases in Water Resources viz planning, collection of relevant data on water resources and also on National Water Policy. Reservoir planning, management and economic analysis aspects are covered in detail. UNIT I GENERAL 9 Water resources survey – Water resources of India and Tamilnadu – Description of water resources planning – Economics of water resources planning, physical and socio economic data – National Water Policy – Collection of meteorological and hydrological data for water resources development. UNIT II NETWORK DESIGN 9 Hydrologic measurements – Analysis of hydrologic data – Hydrologic station network – Station network design – Statistical techniques in network design. UNIT III WATER RESOURCE NEEDS 9 Consumptive and non-consumptive water use - Estimation of water requirements for irrigation, for drinking and navigation - Water characteristics and quality – Scope and aims of master plan - Concept of basin as a unit for development - Water budget and development plan. UNIT IV RESERVOIR PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT 9 Reservoir - Single and multipurpose – Multi objective - Fixation of Storage capacity -Strategies for reservoir operation - Sedimentation of reservoirs - Design flood-levees and flood walls - Channel improvement. UNIT V ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 9 Estimation of cost and Evaluation of Benefits - Discount rate - Discounting factors - Discounting techniques – Computer Applications. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Linsley R.K. and Franzini J.B, “Water Resources Engineering”, McGraw-Hill Inc, 2000. 2. Douglas J.L. and Lee R.R., “Economics of Water Resources Planning”, Tata McGraw-Hill Inc. 2000. 3. Duggal, K.N. and Soni, J.P., “Elements of Water Resources Engineering”, New Age International Publishers REFERENCES 1. Chaturvedi M.C., “Water Resources Systems Planning and Management”, Tata McGraw-Hill Inc., New Delhi, 1997. 2. Goodman Alvin S., “Principles of Water Resources Planning”, Prentice-Hall, 1984. 3. Maass et al. Design of Water Resources Systems, Macmillan, 1968. 31 CE 2032 PAVEMENT ENGINEERING L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  Student gains knowledge on various IRC guidelines for designing flexible and rigid pavements. Further, he/she will be in a position to assess quality and serviceability conditions of roads. UNIT I TYPE OF PAVEMENT AND STRESS DISTRIBUTION ON LAYERED SYSTEM 9 Introduction - Pavement as layered structure - Pavement types - flexible and rigid -Stress and deflections in pavements under repeated loading UNIT II DESIGN OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS 9 Flexible pavement design - Empirical - Semi empirical and theoretical Methods - Design procedure as per latest IRC guidelines – Design and specification of rural roads UNIT III DESIGN OF RIGID PAVEMENTS 9 Cement concrete pavements - Modified Westergard approach - Design procedure as per latest IRC guidelines - Joints in rigid pavements - Concrete roads and their scope in India. UNIT IV PERFORMANCE EVALUATION AND MAINTENANCE 9 Pavement Evaluation [Condition and evaluation surveys (Surface Appearance, Cracks, Patches And Pot Holes, Undulations, Ravelling, Roughness, Skid Resistance), Structural Evaluation By Deflection Measurements, Present Serviceability Index] Pavement maintenance. [IRC Recommendations Only] UNIT V STABILISATION OF PAVEMENTS 9 Stabilisation with special reference to highway pavements - Choice of stabilisers -Testing and field control –Stabilisation for rural roads in India -use of Geosynthetics (geotextiles & geogrids) in roads. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Kadiyali, L.R., “Principles and Practice of Highway Engineering”, Khanna tech. Publications, New Delhi, 1989. 2. Wright, P.H., “Highway Engineers”, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1996 3. Yoder R.J and Witczak M.W., “Principles of Pavement Design”, John Wiley, 1975. REFERENCES 1. Design and Specification of Rural Roads (Manual), Ministry of rural roads, Government of India, New Delhi, 2001. 2. Guidelines for the Design of Flexible Pavements, IRC:37 - 2001, The Indian roads Congress, New Delhi. 3. Guideline for the Design of Rigid Pavements for Highways, IRC:58-1998, The Indian Roads Congress, New Delh. 32 CE 2033 GROUND IMPROVEMENT TECHNIQUES L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  After this course, the student is expected to identify basic deficiencies of various soil deposits and he/she be in a position to decide various ways and means of improving the soil and implementing techniques of improvement. UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Role of ground improvement in foundation engineering - methods of ground improvement – Geotechnical problems in alluvial, laterite and black cotton soils -Selection of suitable ground improvement techniques based on soil condition. UNIT II DRAINAGE AND DEWATERING 9 Drainage techniques - Well points - Vaccum and electroosmotic methods - Seepage analysis for two dimensional flow-fully and partially penetrating slots in homogenous deposits (Simple cases only). UNIT III INSITU TREATMENT OF COHESIONLESS AND COHESIVE SOILS 9 Insitu densification of cohesionless and consolidation of cohesive soils -Dynamic compaction and consolidation - Vibrofloation - Sand pile compaction - Preloading with sand drains and fabric drains – Stone columns – Lime piles - Installation techniques only - relative merits of various methods and their limitations. UNIT IV EARTH REINFORCEMENT 9 Concept of reinforcement - Types of reinforcement material - Applications of reinforced earth – use of Geotextiles for filtration, drainage and separation in road and other works. UNIT V GROUT TECHNIQUES 9 Types of grouts - Grouting equipment and machinery - Injection methods - Grout monitoring – Stabilisation with cement, lime and chemicals - Stabilisation of expansive soils. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Koerner R.M., “Construction and Geotechnical Methods in Foundation Engineering”, McGraw-Hill, 1994. 2. Purushothama Raj, P. “Ground Improvement Techniques”, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, New Delhi, 1995 REFERENCES 1. Moseley M.P., Ground Improvement Blockie Academic and Professional, Chapman and Hall, Glassgow, 1993. 2. Jones J.E.P., Earth Reinforcement and Soil Structure, Butterworths, 1995. 3. Koerner, R.M., “Design with Geosynthetics”, (3rd Edition) Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 2002 4. Jewell, R.A., “Soil Reinforcement with Geotextiles”, CIRIA special publication, London, 1996 5. Das, B.M., “Principles of Foundation Engineering”, Thomson Books / Cole, 2003. 33 CE 2034 INTRODUCTION TO SOIL DYNAMICS AND MACHINE FOUNDATIONS L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  At the end of this program the, student is expected to assess the dynamic properties of soil and various design parameters required for the design of machine foundation as well as design of foundation for various reciprocating machines. UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Vibration of elementary systems-vibratory motion-single degree freedom system-free and forced vibration with and without damping UNIT II WAVES AND WAVE PROPAGATION 9 Wave propagation in an elastic homogeneous isotropic medium- Raleigh, shear and compression waves-waves in elastic half space UNIT III DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SOILS 9 Elastic properties of soils-coefficient of elastic, uniform and non-uniform compression - sheareffect of vibration dissipative properties of soils-determination of dynamic properties of soilcodal provisions UNIT IV DESIGN PROCEDURES 9 Design criteria -dynamic loads - simple design procedures for foundations under reciprocating machines - machines producing impact loads - rotary type machines UNIT V VIBRATION ISOLATION 9 Vibration isolation technique-mechanical isolation-foundation isolation-isolation by locationisolation by barriers- active passive isolation tests. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. S.Prakesh & V.K Puri, Foundation for machines, McGraw-Hill 1993 2. Srinivasulu, P & Vaidyanathan, Hand book of Machine Foundations, McGraw-Hill, 1996 REFERENCES 1. Swamisaran,“Soil Dynamics and Machine Foundations”,Galgotia Publications Pvt. Ltd, 1999 2. Kramar S.L, “Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering”, Prentice Hall International series, Pearson Education (Singapore) Pvt. Ltd. 3. Kameswara Rao, “Dynamics Soil Tests and Applications”, Wheeler Publishing, New Delhi, 2003 4. Kameswara Rao, “Vibration Analysis and Foundation Dynamics”, Wheeler Publishing, New Delhi, 1998 5. IS code of Practice for Design and Construction of Machine Foundations, McGraw-Hill, 1996. 6. Moore P.J., “Analysis and Design of Foundation for Vibration”, Oxford and IBH, 1995. 34 CE 2035 ROCK ENGINEERING L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  Student gains the knowledge on the mechanics of rock and its applications in underground structures and rock slope stability analysis. UNIT I CLASSIFICATION AND INDEX PROPERTIES OF ROCKS 7 Geological classification – Index properties of rock systems – Classification of rock masses for engineering purpose. UNIT II ROCK STRENGTH AND FAILURE CRITERIA 11 Modes of rock failure – Strength of rock – Laboratory and field measurement of shear, tensile and compressive strength – Stress strain behaviour in compression – Mohr-coulomb failure criteria and empirical criteria for failure – Deformability of rock. UNIT III INITIAL STRESSES AND THEIR MEASUREMENTS 10 Estimation of initial stresses in rocks – influence of joints and their orientation in distribution of stresses – technique for measurements of insitu stresses. UNIT IV APPLICATION OF ROCK MECHANICS IN ENGINEERING 9 Simple engineering application – Underground openings – Rock slopes – Foundations and mining subsidence. UNIT V ROCK BOLTING 8 Introduction – Rock bolt systems – rock bolt installation techniques – Testing of rock bolts – Choice of rock bolt based on rock mass condition. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Goodman P.E., “Introduction to Rock Mechanics”, John Wiley and Sons, 1999. 2. Stillborg B., “Professional User Handbook for rock Bolting”, Tran Tech Publications, 1996. REFERENCES 1. Brow E.T., “Rock Characterisation Testing and Monitoring”, Pergaman Press, 1991. 2. Arogyaswamy R.N.P., “Geotechnical Application in Civil Engineering”, Oxford and IBH, 1991. 3. Hock E. and Bray J., “Rock Slope Engineering, Institute of Mining and Metallurgy”, 1991. CE 2036 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING PROJECTS L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  This subject deals with the various impacts of infrastructure projects on the components of environment and method of assessing the impact and mitigating the same.  The student is expected to know about the various impacts of development projects on environment and the mitigating measures. UNIT I INTRODUCTION 8 Impact of development projects under Civil Engineering on environment - Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) - Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) – EIA capability and limitations – Legal provisions on EIA 35 UNIT II METHODOLOGIES 9 Methods of EIA –Check lists – Matrices – Networks – Cost-benefit analysis – Analysis of alternatives UNIT III PREDICTION AND ASSESSMENT 9 Assessment of Impact on land, water and air, noise, social, cultural flora and fauna; Mathematical models; public participation – Rapid EIA UNIT IV ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 9 Plan for mitigation of adverse impact on environment – options for mitigation of impact on water, air and land, flora and fauna; Addressing the issues related to the Project Affected People – ISO 14000 UNIT V CASE STUDIES 10 EIA for infrastructure projects – Bridges – Stadium – Highways – Dams – Multi-storey Buildings – Water Supply and Drainage Projects – Waste water treatment plants. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Canter, R.L., “Environmental Impact Assessment”, McGraw-Hill Inc., New Delhi, 1996. 2. Shukla, S.K. and Srivastava, P.R., “Concepts in Environmental Impact Analysis”, Common Wealth Publishers, New Delhi, 1992. REFERENCES 1. John G. Rau and David C Hooten (Ed)., “Environmental Impact Analysis Handbook”, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1990. 2. “Environmental Assessment Source book”, Vol. I, II & III. The World Bank, Washington, D.C., 1991. 3. Judith Petts, “Handbook of Environmental Impact Assessment Vol. I & II”, Blackwell Science, 1999. CE 2037 INDUSTRIAL WASTE MANAGEMENT L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  This subject deals with the pollution from major industries and methods of controlling the same. The student is expected to know about the polluting potential of major industries in the country and the methods of controlling the same. UNIT I INTRODUCTION 8 Types of industries and industrial pollution – Characteristics of industrial wastes – Population equivalent – Bioassay studies – effects of industrial effluents on streams, sewer, land, sewage treatment plants and human health – Environmental legislations related to prevention and control of industrial effluents and hazardous wastes UNIT II CLEANER PRODUCTION 8 Waste management Approach – Waste Audit – Volume and strength reduction – Material and process modifications – Recycle, reuse and byproduct recovery – Applications. UNIT III POLLUTION FROM MAJOR INDUSTRIES 9 Sources, Characteristics, waste treatment flow sheets for selected industries such as Textiles, Tanneries, Pharmaceuticals, Electroplating industries, Dairy, Sugar, Paper, distilleries, Steel plants, Refineries, fertilizer, thermal power plants – Wastewater reclamation concepts 36 UNIT IV TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES 11 Equalisation – Neutralisation – Removal of suspended and dissolved organic solids - Chemical oxidation – Adsorption - Removal of dissolved inorganics – Combined treatment of industrial and municipal wastes – Residue management – Dewatering - Disposal UNIT V HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT 9 Hazardous wastes - Physico chemical treatment – solidification – incineration – Se cure la nd fills TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. M.N.Rao & A.K.Dutta, “Wastewater Treatment”, Oxford - IBH Publication, 1995. 2. W .W. Eckenfelder Jr., “Industrial Water Pollution Control”, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New Delhi, 2000. REFERENCES 1. T.T.Shen, “Industrial Pollution Prevention”, Springer, 1999. 2. R.L.Stephenson and J.B.Blackburn, Jr., “Industrial Wastewater Systems Hand book”, Lewis Publisher, New Yark, 1998 3. H.M.Freeman, “Industrial Pollution Prevention Hand Book”, McGraw-Hill Inc., New Delhi, 1995. 4. Bishop, P.L., “Pollution Prevention: Fundamental & Practice”, McGraw-Hill, 2000. CE 2038 AIR POLLUTION MANAGEMENT L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  This subject covers the sources, characteristics and effects of air and noise pollution and the methods of controlling the same. The student is expected to know about source inventory and control mechanism. UNIT I SOURCES AND EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTANTS 9 Classification of air pollutants – Particulates and gaseous pollutants – Sources of air pollution – Source inventory – Effects of air pollution on human beings, materials, vegetation, animals – global warming-ozone layer depletion, Sampling and Analysis – Basic Principles of Sampling – Source and ambient sampling – Analysis of pollutants – Principles. UNIT II DISPERSION OF POLLUTANTS 9 Elements of atmosphere – Meteorological factors – Wind roses – Lapse rate - Atmospheric stability and turbulence – Plume rise – Dispersion of pollutants – Dispersion models – Applications. UNIT III AIR POLLUTION CONTROL 12 Concepts of control – Principles and design of control measures – Particulates control by gravitational, centrifugal, filtration, scrubbing, electrostatic precipitation – Selection criteria for equipment - gaseous pollutant control by adsorption, absorption, condensation, combustion – Pollution control for specific major industries. UNIT IV AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT 8 Air quality standards – Air quality monitoring – Preventive measures - Air pollution control efforts – Zoning – Town planning regulation of new industries – Legislation and enforcement – Environmental Impact Assessment and Air quality UNIT V NOISE POLLUTION 7 Sources of noise pollution – Effects – Assessment - Standards – Control methods – Prevention TOTAL: 45 PERIODS 37 TEXT BOOKS 1. Anjaneyulu, D., “Air Pollution and Control Technologies”, Allied Publishers, Mumbai, 2002. 2. Rao, C.S. Environmental Pollution Control Engineering, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi, 1996. 3. Rao M.N., and Rao H. V. N., Air Pollution Control, Tata-McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 1996. REFERENCES 1. W.L.Heumann, Industrial Air Pollution Control Systems, McGraw-Hill, New Yark, 1997. 2. Mahajan S.P., Pollution Control in Process Industries, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, New Delhi, 1991. 3. Peavy S.W., Rowe D.R. and Tchobanoglous G. Environmental Engineering, McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 1985. 4. Garg, S.K., “Environmental Engineering Vol. II”, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi 5. Mahajan, S.P., “Pollution Control in Process Industries”, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 1991. CE 2039 MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  This subject covers the various sources and characterisation of municipal solid wastes and the on-site/off-site processing of the same and the disposal methods. The student is expected to know about the various effects and disposal options for the municipal solid waste. UNIT I SOURCES AND TYPES OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES 9 Sources and types of solid wastes - Quantity – factors affecting generation of solid wastes; characteristics – methods of sampling and characterization; Effects of improper disposal of solid wastes – public health effects. Principle of solid waste management – social & economic aspects; Public awareness; Role of NGOs; Legislation. UNIT II ON-SITE STORAGE & PROCESSING 9 On-site storage methods – materials used for containers – on-site segregation of solid wastes – public health & economic aspects of storage – options under Indian conditions – Critical Evaluation of Options. UNIT III COLLECTION AND TRANSFER 9 Methods of Collection – types of vehicles – Manpower requirement – collection routes; transfer stations – selection of location, operation & maintenance; options under Indian conditions. UNIT IV OFF-SITE PROCESSING 9 Processing techniques and Equipment; Resource recovery from solid wastes – composting, incineration, Pyrolysis - options under Indian conditions. UNIT V DISPOSAL 9 Dumping of solid waste; sanitary land fills – site selection, design and operation of sanitary landfills – Leachate collection & treatment TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. George Tchobanoglous et.al., “Integrated Solid Waste Management”, McGraw-Hill Publishers, 1993. 2. B.Bilitewski, G.HardHe, K.Marek, A.Weissbach, and H.Boeddicker, “Waste Management”, Springer, 1994. 38 REFERENCES 1. Manual on Municipal Solid Waste Management, CPHEEO, Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India, New Delhi, 2000 2. R.E.Landreth and P.A.Rebers, “Municipal Solid Wastes – problems and Solutions”, Lewis Publishers, 1997. 3. Bhide A.D. and Sundaresan, B.B., “Solid Waste Management in Developing Countries”, INSDOC, 1993. CE 2040 ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  This subject deals with the scope and applications of ecological principles for wastewater treatment and reuse. The student is expected to be aware of the various effects of industrialisation on ecology and ecological based waste purification methods. UNIT I PRINCIPLES AND CONCEPTS 9 Scope and applications of Ecological Engineering – Development and evolution of ecosystems – principles and concepts pertaining to species, populations and community UNIT II ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS 10 Energy flow and nutrient cycling – Food chain and food webs – biological magnification, diversity and stability, immature and mature systems. Primary productivity – Biochemical cycling of nitrogen, phosphorous, sulphur and carbon dioxide; Habitat ecology - Terrestrial, fresh water, estuarine and marine habitats. UNIT III ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING METHODS 9 Bio monitoring and its role in evaluation of aquatic ecosystem; Rehabilitation of ecosystems through ecological principles – step cropping, bio-wind screens, Wetlands, ponds, Root Zone Treatment for wastewater, Reuse of treated wastewater through ecological systems. UNIT IV ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIALISATION 9 Ecological effects of exploration, production, extraction, processing, manufacture & transport. UNIT V CASE STUDIES 8 Case studies of integrated ecological engineering systems TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Odum, E.P., “Fundamental of Ecology”, W.B.Sauders, 1990. 2. Kormondy, E.J., “Concepts of Ecology”, Prentice Hall, New Delhi, 1996 REFERENCES 1. Mitch, J.W. and Jorgensen, S.E., Ecological Engineering – An Introduction to Ecotechnology, John Wiley and Sons, 1996. 2. Colinvaux, P., Ecology, John Wiley and Sons, 1996. 3. Etnier, C & Guterstam, B., “Ecological Engineering for Wastewater Treatment”, 2nd Edition, Lewis Publications, London, 1996. 39 GE 2073 CONTRACT LAWS AND REGULATIONS L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT I CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS 9 Indian Contracts Act – Elements of Contracts – Types of Contracts – Features – Suitability – Design of Contract Documents – International Contract Document – Standard Contract Document – Law of Torts UNIT II TENDERS 10 Prequalification – Bidding – Accepting – Evaluation of Tender from Technical, Contractual and Commercial Points of View – Contract Formation and Interpretation – Potential Contractual Problems – World Bank Procedures and Guidelines – Transparency in Tenders Act. UNIT III ARBITRATION 8 Comparison of Actions and Laws – Agreements – Subject Matter – Violations – Appointment of Arbitrators – Conditions of Arbitration – Powers and Duties of Arbitrator – Rules of Evidence – Enforcement of Award – Costs UNIT IV LEGAL REQUIREMENTS 9 Insurance and Bonding – Laws Governing Sale, Purchase and Use of Urban and Rural Land – Land Revenue Codes – Tax Laws – Income Tax, Sales Tax, Excise and Custom Duties and their Influence on Construction Costs – Legal Requirements for Planning – Property Law – Agency Law – Local Government Laws for Approval – Statutory Regulations UNIT V LABOUR REGULATIONS 9 Social Security – Welfare Legislation – Laws relating to Wages, Bonus and Industrial Disputes, Labour Administration– Insurance and Safety Regulations – Workmen’s Compensation Act – Indian Factory Act – Tamil Nadu Factory Act – Child Labour Act - Other Labour Laws TOTAL: 45 PERIODS REFERENCES 1. Gajaria G.T., Laws Relating to Building and Engineering Contracts in India, M.M.Tripathi Private Ltd., Bombay, 1982 2. Tamilnadu PWD Code, 1986 3. Jimmie Hinze, Construction Contracts, Second Edition, McGraw Hill, 2001 4. Joseph T. Bockrath, Contracts and the Legal Environment for Engineers and Architects, Sixth Edition, McGraw Hill, 2000. CE 2041 BRIDGE STRUCTURES L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  At the end of this course the student shall be able to choose appropriate bridge structure and design it for given site conditions. UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Design of through type steel highway bridges for IRC loading - Design of stringers, cross girders and main girders - Design of deck type steel highway bridges for IRC loading - Design of main girders UNIT II STEEL BRIDGES 9 Design of pratt type truss girder highway bridges - Design of top chord, bottom chord, web members - Effect of repeated loading - Design of plate girder railway bridges for railway loading - Wind effects - Design of web and flange plates - Vertical and horizontal stiffeners. 40 UNIT III REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB BRIDGES 9 Design of solid slab bridges for IRC loading - Design of kerb - Design of tee beam bridges - Design of panel and cantilever for IRC loading UNIT IV REINFORCED CONCRETE GIRDER BRIDGES 9 Design of tee beam - Courbon's theory - Pigeaud's curves - Design of balanced cantilever bridges - Deck slab - Main girder - Design of cantilever - Design of articulation. UNIT V PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGES 9 Design of prestressed concrete bridges - Preliminary dimensions - Flexural and torsional parameters - Courbon's theory - Distribution coefficient by exact analysis - Design of girder section - Maximum and minimum prestressing forces - Eccentricity - Live load and dead load shear forces - cable zone in girder –Check for stresses at various sections - Check for diagonal tension - Diaphragms - End block - Short term and long term deflections. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Johnson Victor D., “Essentials of Bridge Engineering”, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi, 1990. 2. Rajagopalan, N.Bridge Superstructure, Alpha Science International, 2006 REFERENCES 1. Phatak D.R., “Bridge Engineering”, Satya Prakashan, New Delhi, 1990. 2. Ponnuswamy S., “Bridge Engineering”, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 1996. CE 2042 STORAGE STRUCTURES L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  The main objective of this course is to impart the principles involved in designing structures which have to store different types of materials. The student at the end of the course shall be able to design concrete and steel material retaining structures. UNIT I STEEL WATER TANKS 12 Design of rectangular riveted steel water tank – Tee covers – Plates – Stays –Longitudinal and transverse beams – Design of staging – Base plates – Foundation and anchor bolts – Design of pressed steel water tank – Design of stays – Joints – Design of hemispherical bottom water tank – side plates – Bottom plates – joints – Ring girder – Design of staging and foundation. UNIT II CONCRETE WATER TANKS 12 Design of Circular tanks – Hinged and fixed at the base – IS method of calculating shear forces and moments – Hoop tension – Design of intze tank – Dome – Ring girders – Conical dome – Staging – Bracings – Raft foundation – Design of rectangular tanks – Approximate methods and IS methods – Design of under ground tanks – Design of base slab and side wall – Check for uplift. UNIT III STEEL BUNKERS AND SILOS 7 Design of square bunker – Jansen’s and Airy’s theories – IS Codal provisions – Design of side plates – Stiffeners – Hooper – Longitudinal beams – Design of cylindrical silo – Side plates – Ring girder – stiffeners. 41 UNIT IV CONCRETE BUNKERS AND SILOS 7 Design of square bunker – Side Walls – Hopper bottom – Top and bottom edge beams – Design of cylindrical silo – Wall portion – Design of conical hopper – Ring beam at junction UNIT V PRESTRESSED CONCRETE WATER TANKS 7 Principles of circular prestressing – Design of prestressed concrete circular water tanks TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Rajagopalan K., Storage Structures, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 1998. 2. Krishna Raju N., Advanced Reinforced Concrete Design, CBS Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, 1998. CE 2043 DESIGN OF PLATE AND SHELL STRUCTURES L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  At the end of this course the student shall understand the rudimentary principles involved in the analysis and design of plates and shells. UNIT I THIN PLATES WITH SMALL DEFLECTION 9 Laterally loaded thin plates – governing differential equations – Simply supported and fixed boundary conditions UNIT II RECTANGULAR PLATES 9 Simply supported rectangular plates – Navier’s solution and Levy’s method. UNIT III THIN SHELLS 9 Classification of shells-structural actions – membrane theory UNIT IV ANALYSIS OF SHELLS 9 Analysis of spherical dome – cylindrical shells – folded plates UNIT V DESIGN OF SHELLS 9 Design of spherical dome – cylindrical shells – folded plates TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Bairagi N K, A text book of Plate Analysis, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 1996. 2. G.S. Ramaswamy, Design and Construction of Shell Structures, CBS Plublishers, New Delhi, 1996 3. S. Timoshenko & S. Woinowsky – Krieger, “Theory of Plates and Shells”, McGraw Hill Book Company REFERENCES 1. Szilard R, Theory and analysis of plates, Prentice Hall Inc, 1995 2. Chatterjee B. K., Theory and Design of Concrete Shells, Oxford & IBH, New Delhi, 1998 3. Billington D. P., Thin Shell Concrete Structures, McGraw-Hill, 1995. 42 CE 2044 TALL BUILDINGS L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  At the end of this course the student should have understood the problems associated with large heights of structures with respect to loads (wind and earthquake and deflections of the structure). He should know the rudimentary principles of designing tall buildings as per the existing course. UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 The Tall Building in the Urban Context - The Tall Building and its Support Structure - Development of High Rise Building Structures - General Planning Considerations. Dead Loads - Live Loads-Construction Loads -Snow, Rain, and Ice Loads - Wind Loads-Seismic Loading – Water and Earth Pressure Loads - Loads - Loads Due to Restrained Volume Changes of Material - Impact and Dynamic Loads - Blast Loads -Combination of Loads. UNIT II THE VERTICAL STRUCTURE PLANE 9 Dispersion of Vertical Forces- Dispersion of Lateral Forces - Optimum Ground Level Space - Shear Wall Arrangement - Behaviour of Shear Walls under Lateral Loading. The Floor Structure or Horizontal Building Plane Floor Framing Systems-Horizontal Bracing- Composite Floor Systems The High - Rise Building as related to assemblage Kits Skeleton Frame Systems - Load Bearing Wall Panel Systems - Panel – Frame Systems - Multistory Box Systems. UNIT III COMMON HIGH-RISE BUILDING STRUCTURES AND THEIR BEHAVIOUR UNDER LOAD 9 The Bearing Wall Structure- The Shear Core Structure - Rigid Frame Systems- The Wall - Beam Structure: Interspatial and Staggered Truss Systems - Frame - Shear Wall Building Systems - Flat Slab Building Structures - Shear Truss - Frame Interaction System with Rigid - Belt Trusses - Tubular Systems-Composite Buildings - Comparison of High - Rise Structural Systems Other Design Approaches Controlling Building Drift Efficient Building Forms - The Counteracting Force or Dynamic Response. UNIT IV APPROXIMATE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF BUILDINGS 9 Approximate Analysis of Bearing Wall Buildings The Cross Wall Structure - The Long Wall Structure The Rigid Frame Structure Approximate Analysis for Vertical Loading - Approximate Analysis for Lateral Loading - Approximate Design of Rigid Frame Buildings-Lateral Deformation of Rigid Frame Buildings The Rigid Frame - Shear Wall Structure - The Vierendeel Structure - The Hollow Tube Structure. UNIT V OTHER HIGH-RISE BUILDING STRUCTURE 9 Deep - Beam Systems -High-Rise Suspension Systems - Pneumatic High -Rise Buildings - Space Frame Applied to High - Rise Buildings - Capsule Architecture. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Woltang Schueller " High - rise building Structures", John Wiley and Sons, New York 1976. 2. Bryan Stafford Smith and Alex Coull, " Tall Building Structures ", Analysis and Design, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1991. REFERENCES 1. Coull, A. and Smith, Stafford, B. " Tall Buildings ", Pergamon Press, London, 1997. 2. LinT.Y. and Burry D.Stotes, " Structural Concepts and Systems for Architects and Engineers ", John Wiley, 1994. 3. Lynn S.Beedle, Advances in Tall Buildings, CBS Publishers and Distributors, Delhi, 1996. 4. Taranath.B.S., Structural Analysis and Design of Tall Buildings, Mc Graw Hill,1998. 43 CE 2045 PREFABRICATED STRUCTURES L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  At the end of this course the student shall be able to appreciate modular construction, industrialised construction and shall be able to design some of the prefabricated elements and also have the knowledge of the construction methods using these elements. UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Need for prefabrication – Principles – Materials – Modular coordination – Standarization – Systems – Production – Transportation – Erection. UNIT II PREFABRICATED COMPONENTS 9 Behaviour of structural components – Large panel constructions – Construction of roof and floor slabs – Wall panels – Columns – Shear walls UNIT III DESIGN PRINCIPLES 9 Disuniting of structures- Design of cross section based on efficiency of material used – Problems in design because of joint flexibility – Allowance for joint deformation. UNIT IV JOINT IN STRUCTURAL MEMBERS 9 Joints for different structural connections – Dimensions and detailing – Design of expansion joints UNIT V DESIGN FOR ABNORMAL LOADS 9 Progressive collapse – Code provisions – Equivalent design loads for considering abnormal effects such as earthquakes, cyclones, etc., - Importance of avoidance of progressive collapse. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. CBRI, Building materials and components, India, 1990 2. Gerostiza C.Z., Hendrikson C. and Rehat D.R., Knowledge based process planning for construction and manufacturing, Academic Press Inc., 1994 REFERENCES 1. Koncz T., Manual of precast concrete construction, Vols. I, II and III, Bauverlag, GMBH, 1971. 2. Structural design manual, Precast concrete connection details, Society for the studies in the use of precast concrete, Netherland Betor Verlag, 1978. CE 2046 WIND ENGINEERING L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  At the end of this course the student should be able to appreciate the forces generated on structures due to normal wind as well as gusts. He should also be able to analyse the dynamic effects created by these wind forces. UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Terminology – Wind Data – Gust factor and its determination - Wind speed variation with height – Shape factor – Aspect ratio – Drag and lift. UNIT II EFFECT OF WIND ON STRUCTURES 9 Static effect – Dynamic effect – Interference effects (concept only) – Rigid structure – Aeroelastic structure (concept only). 44 UNIT III EFFECT ON TYPICAL STRUCTURES 9 Tail buildings – Low rise buildings – Roof and cladding – Chimneys, towers and bridges. UNIT IV APPLICATION TO DESIGN 9 Design forces on multistorey building, towers and roof trusses. UNIT V INTRODUCTION TO WIND TUNNEL 9 Types of models (Principles only) – Basic considerations – Examples of tests and their use. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Peter Sachs, “Wind Forces in Engineering, Pergamon Press, New York, 1992. 2. Lawson T.V., Wind Effects on Buildings, Vols. I and II, Applied Science and Publishers, London, 1993. REFERENCES 1. Devenport A.G., “Wind Loads on Structures”, Division of Building Research, Ottowa, 1990. 2. Wind Force on Structures – Course Notes, Building Technology Centre, Anna University, 1995. CE 2047 COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN OF STRUCTURE L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  The main objective of this programme is to train the student in the use of computers and creating a computer code as well as using commercially available software for the design of Civil Engineering structures. UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Fundamentals of CAD - Hardware and software requirements -Design process - Applications and benefits. UNIT II COMPUTER GRAPHICS 9 Graphic primitives - Transformations -Wire frame modeling and solid modeling -Graphic standards –Drafting packages UNIT III STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 9 Fundamentals of finite element analysis - Principles of structural analysis -Analysis packages and applications. UNIT IV DESIGN AND OPTIMISATION 9 Principles of design of steel and RC Structures -Applications to simple design problems – Optimisation techniques - Algorithms - Linear Programming – Simplex method UNIT V EXPERT SYSTEMS 9 Introduction to artificial intelligence - Knowledge based expert systems -Rules and decision tables –Inference mechanisms - Simple applications. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Groover M.P. and Zimmers E.W. Jr., “CAD/CAM, Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing”, Prentice Hall of India Ltd, New Delhi, 1993. 2. Krishnamoorthy C.S.Rajeev S., “Computer Aided Design”, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, 1993 45 REFERENCES 1. Harrison H.B., “Structural Analysis and Design”, Part I and II Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1990. 2. Rao S.S., “Optimisation Theory and Applications”, Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, 1977. 3. Richard Forsyth (Ed), “Expert System Principles and Case Studies”, Chapman and Hall, London, 1989. CE 2048 INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURES L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  This course deals with some of the special aspects with respect to Civil Engineering structures in industries. At the end of this course the student shall be able to design some of the structures. UNIT I PLANNING 9 Classification of Industries and Industrial structures – General requirements for industries like cement, chemical and steel plants – Planning and layout of buildings and components. UNIT II FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS 9 Lighting – Ventilation – Acoustics – Fire safety – Guidelines from factories act. UNIIT III DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES 9 Industrial roofs – Crane girders – Mill buildings – Design of Bunkers and Silos UNIT IV DESIGN OF R.C. STRUCTURES 9 Silos and bunkers – Chimneys – Principles of folded plates and shell roofs UNIT V PREFABRICATION 9 Principles of prefabrication – Prestressed precast roof trusses- Functional requirements for Precast concrete units TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Reinforced Concrete Structural elements – P. Purushothaman. 2. Pasala Dayaratnam – Design of Steel Structure – 1990. REFERENCES 1. Henn W. Buildings for Industry, vols.I and II, London Hill Books, 1995. 2. Handbook on Functional Requirements of Industrial buildings, SP32 – 1986, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi 1990. 3. Course Notes on Modern Developments in the Design and Construction of Industrial Structures, Structural Engineering Research Centre, Madras, 1982. 4. Koncz, J, Manual of Precast Construction Vol I & II Bauverlay GMBH, 1971. 46 CE 2049 SMART MATERIALS AND SMART STRUCTURES L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  This course is designed to give an insight into the latest developments regarding smart materials and their use in structures. Further, this also deals with structures which can self adjust their stiffness with load. UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9 Introduction to Smart Materials and Structures – Instrumented structures functions and response – Sensing systems – Self diagnosis – Signal processing consideration – Actuation systems and effectors. UNIT II MEASURING TECHNIQUES 9 Strain Measuring Techniques using Electrical strain gauges, Types – Resistance – Capacitance – Inductance – Wheatstone bridges – Pressure transducers – Load cells – Temperature Compensation – Strain Rosettes. UNIT III SENSORS 9 Sensing Technology – Types of Sensors – Physical Measurement using Piezo Electric Strain measurement – Inductively Read Transducers – The LVOT – Fiber optic Techniques. Chemical and Bio-Chemical sensing in structural Assessment – Absorptive chemical sensors – Spectroscopes – Fibre Optic Chemical Sensing Systems and Distributed measurement. UNIT IV ACTUATORS 9 Actuator Techniques – Actuator and actuator materials – Piezoelectric and Electrostrictive Material – Magnetostructure Material – Shape Memory Alloys – Electro orheological Fluids– Electro magnetic actuation – Role of actuators and Actuator Materials. UNIT V SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL SYSTEMS 9 Data Acquisition and Processing – Signal Processing and Control for Smart Structures – Sensors as Geometrical Processors – Signal Processing – Control System – Linear and Non- Linear. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Brain Culshaw – Smart Structure and Materials Artech House – Borton. London-1996. 2. Srinivasan ,A.V and Michael McFarland . D, “ Smart Structures – Analysis and Design , Cambridge University Press, 2001. REFERENCES 1. L. S. Srinath , Experimental Stress Analysis , Tata McGraw-Hill, 1998. 2. J. W. Dally & W. F. Riley , Experimental Stress Analysis , Tata McGraw-Hill, 1998. 47 CE 2050 FINITE ELEMENT TECHNIQUES L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  At the end of this course the student shall have a basic knowledge of finite element method and shall be able to analyse linear elastic structures, that he has studied about in core courses, using finite element method. UNIT I INTRODUCTION – VARIATIONAL FORMULATION 9 General field problems in Engineering – Modelling – Discrete and Continuous models – Characteristics – Difficulties involved in solution – The relevance and place of the finite element method – Historical comments – Basic concept of FEM, Boundary and initial value problems – Gradient and divergence theorems – Functionals – Variational calculus Variational formulation of VBPS. The method of weighted residuals – The Ritz method. UNIT II FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF ONE DIMENSIONAL PROBLEMS 10 One dimensional second order equations – discretisation of domain into elements – Generalised coordinates approach – derivation of elements equations – assembly of elements equations – imposition of boundary conditions – solution of equations – Cholesky method – Post processing – Extension of the method to fourth order equations and their solutions – time dependant problems and their solutions – example from heat transfer, fluid flow and solid mechanics. UNIT III FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF TWO DIMENSIONAL PROBLEMS 10 Second order equation involving a scalar-valued function – model equation – Variational formulation – Finite element formulation through generalised coordinates approach – Triangular elements and quadrilateral elements – convergence criteria for chosen models – Interpolation functions – Elements matrices and vectors – Assembly of element matrices – boundary conditions – solution techniques. UNIT IV ISOPARAMETRIC ELEMENTS AND FORMULATION 8 Natural coordinates in 1, 2 and 3 dimensions – use of area coordinates for triangular elements in - 2 dimensional problems – Isoparametric elements in 1,2 and 3 dimensional Largrangean and serendipity elements – Formulations of elements equations in one and two dimensions - Numerical integration. UNIT V APPLICATIONS TO FIELD PROBLEMS IN TWO DIMENSIONALS 8 Equations of elasticity – plane elasticity problems – axisymmetric problems in elasticity – Bending of elastic plates – Time dependent problems in elasticity – Heat – transfer in two dimensions – incompressible fluid flow TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOK 1. Chandrupatla, T.R., and Belegundu, A.D., “Introduction to Finite Element in Engineering”, Third Edition, Prentice Hall, India, 2003. 2. Bhavikati , S.S., “Finite Element Analysis “, New Age International Publishers , 2005. REFERENCES 1. J.N.Reddy, “An Introduction to Finite Element Method”, McGraw-Hill, Intl. Student Edition, 1985. 2. Zienkiewics, “The finite element method, Basic formulation and linear problems”, Vol.1, 4/e, McGraw-Hill, Book Co. 3. S.S.Rao, “The Finite Element Method in Engineering”, Pergaman Press, 2003. 4. C.S.Desai and J.F.Abel, “Introduction to the Finite Element Method”, Affiliated East West Press, 1972. 48 CE 2071 REPAIR AND REHABILITATION OF STRUCTURES L T P C 3 0 0 3 OBJECTIVE  To get the knowledge on quality of concrete, durability aspects, causes of deterioration, assessment of distressed structures, repairing of structures and demolition procedures. UNIT I MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR STRATEGIES 9 Maintenance, repair and rehabilitation, Facets of Maintenance, importance of Maintenance various aspects of Inspection, Assessment procedure for evaluating a damaged structure, causes of deterioration UNIT II SERVICEABILITY AND DURABILITY OF CONCRETE 11 Quality assurance for concrete construction concrete properties- strength, permeability, thermal properties and cracking. - Effects due to climate, temperature, chemicals, corrosion - design and construction errors - Effects of cover thickness and cracking UNIT III MATERIALS FOR REPAIR 9 Special concretes and mortar, concrete chemicals, special elements for accelerated strength gain, Expansive cement, polymer concrete, sulphur infiltrated concrete, ferro cement, Fibre reinforced concrete. UNIT IV TECHNIQUES FOR REPAIR AND DEMOLITION 8 Rust eliminators and polymers coating for rebars during repair, foamed concrete, mortar and dry pack, vacuum concrete, Gunite and Shotcrete, Epoxy injection, Mortar repair for cracks, shoring and underpinning. Methods of corrosion protection, corrosion inhibitors, corrosion resistant steels, coatings and cathodic protection. Engineered demolition techniques for dilapidated structures - case studies. UNIT V REPAIRS, REHABILITATION AND RETROFITTING OF STRUCTURES 8 Repairs to overcome low member strength, Deflection, Cracking, Chemical disruption, weathering corrosion, wear, fire, leakage and marine exposure. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS 1. Denison Campbell, Allen and Harold Roper, Concrete Structures, Materials, Maintenance and Repair, Longman Scientific and Technical UK, 1991. 2. R.T.Allen and S.C.Edwards, Repair of Concrete Structures, Blakie and Sons, UK, 1987 REFERENCES 1. M.S.Shetty, Concrete Technology - Theory and Practice, S.Chand and Company, New Delhi, 1992. 2. Santhakumar, A.R., Training Course notes on Damage Assessment and repair in Low Cost Housing , "RHDC-NBO" Anna University, July 1992. 3. Raikar, R.N., Learning from failures - Deficiencies in Design, Construction and Service - R&D Centre (SDCPL), Raikar Bhavan, Bombay, 1987. 4. N.Palaniappan, Estate Management, Anna Institute of Management, Chennai, 1992. 5. Lakshmipathy, M. etal. Lecture notes of Workshop on "Repairs and Rehabilitation of Structures", 29 - 30th October 1999.

Click here Anna University Syllabus
MP Board HSC (Class 10th) Result 2012 - MPBSE MP Board 10th Class X Results 2012 - To be announced on June 4, 2012 at 16:00 Hrs.

Madhya Pradesh Examination Results MP Board HSC (Class 10th) Examination Results 2012 TO BE ANNOUNCED ON JUNE 4, 2012 AT 4 P...
Movie screenplay(script) free download

Click Here to view post The Parallax View - Original Draft script by Lorenzo Semple Jr. (based on the novel by Loren Singer) - hosted...

Total Pageviews

Open Cbox

Subscribe To

Posts

Posts

All Comments

All Comments

Followers

Labels

Pages

Blog Archive

Simple theme. Powered by Blogger.