BOILER FEED WATER
The setup used to produce steam in industries is known as ‘Boiler’. Water is fed to the boiler and heated to produce steam. The water fed into the boiler is known as “Boiler feed water”.
S.No | Requirements for boiler water | If not, it will cause |
1 | Free from hardness causing salts | Sludge and scale |
2 | Free from oil and greases | Foaming |
3 | Free from dissolved salts, suspended impurities | Caustic embrittlement |
4 | Free from dissolved gases, suspended salts | Boiler corrosion |
1.Sludge and scale:
If the water contains hardness causing salts like MgSO4, MgCl2 ,CaSO4 , Ca (HCO3)2
On evaporation, the salts are precipitated to produce scale and sludge.
No | Sludge | Scale |
1 | Loose, slim , non-adherent precipitate | Hard, thick , adherent precipitate |
2 | Due to salts like MgSO4 , MgCl2 | Due to salts like CaSO4 , Ca(HCO3)2 |
3 | Due to poor conductance, they decrease the boiler efficiency to lesser extent and causing chocking in the pipelines. | Due to poor conductance, they decrease the boiler efficiency to maximum extent, cause reduced fuel economy , improper boiling, boiler explosion etc., |
4 | It can be prevented by periodical replacement of concentrated hard water by fresh water. This process is known as “blow down” method. | It can be prevented by special methods like i) external treatment of ion exchange , ii) Internal carbonate, phosphate, Calgon conditioning iii) Mechanical hard scrubbing methods. |
Diagram:
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